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OBJECTIVE: Investigate medical morbidity and risk of general hospital admission for patients with concurrent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and anorexia nervosa (AN) who have not received severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination.METHODS: United Kingdom eating disorders clinicians contributed to a database of patients with an eating disorder and COVID-19. We used this to investigate demography, symptoms, hospitalization, treatment, and outcomes for those with AN.RESULTS: We describe data for 49 patients (median age 21.5 years [interquartile range 17.0-33.5], 46 female) including 36 adults and 13 under-18-year-olds. Three (6.1% [95% confidence interval 1.3%-17.9]) were admitted to a general hospital. For this sample, the expected age-standardized hospital admission rate per COVID-19 case (based on the general population of England) was 2.6% and therefore not significantly different to the hospitalization rate we observed. Three (including two of those admitted to hospital) contracted pneumonia. One had severe pneumonia and was admitted to an intensive care unit. No deaths or use of mechanical ventilation were recorded.DISCUSSION: To our knowledge, this represents the first study investigating medical morbidity or frequency of hospitalization for patients with COVID-19 and AN. We did not find evidence that patients with AN are at increased risk of severe COVID-19.PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE: Medical morbidity and risk of hospitalization associated with concurrent COVID-19 and anorexia nervosa (AN) had not, to our knowledge, been studied before. We used a database of patients with eating disorders and COVID-19 (to which United Kingdom clinicians had contributed) to investigate presentation, treatment, outcomes, and COVID-19 severity for those with AN and COVID-19. We did not find evidence that patients with AN are at increased risk of severe COVID-19.

Portuguese language students in the United States typically also speak Spanish, and Portuguese programs, influenced by ideologies of linguistic purism, ceaselessly battle against its interference. This article describes a qualitative study of the treatment of Spanish utterances—called taquitos by participants—in a beginner-level Portuguese class. It presents the classroom as a space of language socialization where students are apprenticed into a culture of strict language separation that demonstrates our field's monolingual bias. Microanalysis of videorecorded classes shows how error correction practices socialize students into upholding monolingual immersion through constant vigilance and mobilization against taquitos. Gaze, body orientation, and gestures as attention markers reveal a taquito hot seat that marginalizes and places Spanish-speaking students in intense negative focus for not producing Portuguese in “uncontaminated” forms. Given the harm such practices may cause, the article urges the field to examine our rigid insistence upon artificial classroom monolingual immersion and promote flexible, strategic translanguaging for more effective world language pedagogy.

The race to gain competitive advantage through the formulation of a sustainable business strategy is key for the survival in the global business sphere. Even more importantly is the quest to deploy an effective green strategy to combat the numerous negative impact industrialization has on the environment. Researches pointed out the role of leaders and stakeholder's engagement in bringing about reform. This research focuses on how to build a robust psychological capital within an organization through the leader's transformative ability in combating environmental issues. This is necessary because research related to green transformational leadership and the effect on green team resilience has not been considered in literature. Drawing from the combination of three theories; broaden‐and‐build theory, job demand–resource theory, and conservation of resource theory, this study contributes to the extant literature by testing the effect of green transformational leadership via the mediating role of green work engagement to green team resilience. Using Amos 20 version to analyze 351 questionnaires that were collected from employees in four and five star hotels in Turkey, the result reviews that green transformational leadership has a positive effect on green work engagement and green team resilience, and green work engagement fully mediates the relationship between the variables. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

By employing a more comprehensive environmental sustainability and behavioral practices and framework, organizations' green human resources, production process among other processes, are also situated at addressing the rising challenge of global warming. To an extent, the gear toward improving the sustainable organization or production entails the environmental sustainability practices, green initiatives, and environmentally friendlier methods against the business-as-usual and the traditional patterns. In so doing, the current study is aimed at examining the effect of green training on organizational citizenship behavior and environmental commitment via the mediating role of perceived behavioral control. By applying the theory of planned behavior, this paper also tests the mediating effect of perceived behavioral control in the organization and the environment. Data from 306 employees working in four and five-star hotels in Istanbul were analyzed using AMOS statistical version 20. The result revealed that green training positively affects environmental commitment and organizational behavior and that perceived behavioral control fully mediates the link. In essence, the investigation equally revealed that it is important to engage employees in environmental sustainability training and related information, especially in compliance with the global drive for the Sustainable Development Goals. The findings and implications of the study are further revealed to serve effective policy tools to organizations, governance, and other stakeholders.

Workplace incivility is continuously seen as a stressor for the employee and the organization. No organization prospers in an uncivil environment. The high level of turnover intention that results from an uncivil working environment threatens the organization's reputation and sustainability. Adopting from Bagozzi's Appraisal-Emotional Response, this study tested the relationship between workplace incivility, turnover intention, and job satisfaction via the mediating role of emotional exhaustion, using AMOS version 22. The findings reviews that workplace incivility harms both the employees and the organization. Also, workplace incivility has a positive impact on emotional exhaustion and turnover intentions while a negative influence on job satisfaction. Human resource managers are advised to train both supervisors and customers to curtail uncivil behaviors. Both theoretical and practical implications were given. In conclusion, the study suggests further research presenting the limitations of the study.

Aims: Young people attempting to access mental health services in the United Kingdom often find traditional models of care outdated, rigid, inaccessible and unappealing. Policy recommendations, research and service user opinion suggest that reform is needed to reflect the changing needs of young people. There is significant motivation in the UK to transform mental health service for young people and this paper aims to describe the rationale, development and implementation of a novel youth mental health service in the UK, the Norfolk Youth Service. Methods: The Norfolk Youth Service model is described as a service model case study. The service rationale, national and local drivers, principles, aims, model, research priorities and future directions are reported. Results: The Norfolk Youth Service is an innovative example of mental health transformation in the United Kingdom, comprising a pragmatic, assertive and ‘youth friendly’ service for young people aged 14-25 that transcends traditional service boundaries. The service was developed in collaboration with young people and partnership agencies and is based upon an engaging and inclusive ethos. The service is social recovery oriented, evidence based and aims to satisfy recent policy guidance. Conclusions: The redesign and transformation of youth mental health services in the United Kingdom is long overdue. The Norfolk Youth Service represents an example of reform that aims to meet the developmental and transitional needs of young people, while remaining youth oriented.

Evidence of efficacy for high‐dose antipsychotic therapy (HDAT) and antipsychotic combinations (AC) is lacking, while evidence of harm is compelling. Significantly higher proportions of Norfolk and Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust (NSFT) patients were being prescribed HDAT and AC compared with the national averages. Here, the authors describe a quality improvement program to rationalise and reduce HDAT and AC prescribing in NSFT, to bring it in line with, or below, the national average. The initiative demonstrates that prescribing culture can be improved through a sustained multi‐professional team approach involving education and training, a targeted campaign, a proactive clinical pharmacy team and pharmacists' support.

Aim Pathways to care (PtC) are a means of examining and understanding routes into mental health care. It is important to examine PtC in order to identify ways in which individuals access services, as well as highlighting barriers or delays to appropriate treatment. This study aimed to examine PtC experienced by young people accessing a pilot specialist youth mental health service (SYMHS) for those with non-psychotic, severe and complex mental health conditions in Norfolk, UK. Methods Data were collected on a subsample of referrals accepted into the pilot SYMHS (n = 94) over a 12-month period. Duration and number of PtC were assessed using a semi-structured interview augmented by health record examination. Measures of premorbid history, symptoms and functioning were also collected. Results The mean length of PtC was 3.74 years, and a mean of 5.53 pathways was experienced before appropriate services were accessed. Individuals were most likely to first seek help from their general practitioner followed by an educational provider. There were no associations between PtC and current symptoms, although individuals with a premorbid history of mental health problems experienced shorter PtC. There was a trend suggesting that individuals with long pathways had poorer functioning compared with those with shorter pathways. Conclusions Pathways to care are variable in a group of young people presenting to mental health services. A majority of participants experienced ‘long pathways’, which may negatively impact on outcome. The results indicate the need to improve access to appropriate services by overcoming pathway barriers. Service implications are discussed.

The almost 50 million young people aged 10-24 in Nigeria face many challenges to their sexual and reproductive health (SRH). MyQuestion is a platform that allows young people to ask SRH questions via text message. Trained counselors provide responses using a database of answers to frequently asked questions or customized replies. We analyze the content of more than 300,000 text messages received by the service since 2007 to address three questions: which health topics are most frequently submitted to the MyQuestion service; what kinds of questions are asked about these topics; and what language is used to convey the questions? We find a substantial unmet need for basic SRH information, with users' questions communicated in ways that convey considerable confusion, misinformation, and urgency. The analysis can be used to improve similar Q&A services and to improve the provision of SRH services for young people more generally.

Utilizing data from the language learning autobiographies of six black college students, this pilot study investigates the experiences and motivations of blacks who do and do not achieve advanced-level second language acquisition (SLA). It hypothesizes that successful black second language (L2) learners (1) have positive formative experiences of investment in a community of learners; (2) desire to connect with members of a community of L2 speakers who mirror their past, present, and future/ideal selves; and (3) are motivated to excel in SLA by their integrative need to connect with both communities of learners and speakers. Findings support the study's hypotheses; however, they also call for further investigation of the nature/variety of black student L2 classroom experiences, the role of ethno-racial affinity in integrativeness, and perspectives of black heritage language learners.