32 results on '"Ting Ren"'
Search Results
2. Corrosion reaction kinetics and high‐temperature corrosion testing of contact element strips in ultra‐high voltage bushing based on the phase‐field method
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Shoufeng Jin, Huidong Tian, Qingyu Wang, Ting Ren, Peng Liu, and Zongren Peng
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Distribution or transmission of electric power ,TK3001-3521 ,Production of electric energy or power. Powerplants. Central stations ,TK1001-1841 - Abstract
Abstract For the structural characteristics of power transmission equipment such as bushings, the plug‐in structure is mostly used for current‐carrying connections owing to the large size and long distance at high voltage levels. The contact element strip is the key component of the current‐carrying structure, carrying the combined electrical–thermal effect. Its electrical current‐carrying performance is important. In recent years, discharge failures caused by the overheating failure of electrical connections have occurred from time to time. However, there have been relatively few studies on the failure mechanism of the electrical connection structures of high‐voltage power transmission equipment, such as bushings. In this study, from the perspective of corrosion reaction kinetics, a two‐dimensional phase‐field model of high‐temperature corrosion is established to obtain the carrier concentration distribution in the film. The effects of temperature, gas partial pressure, film thickness, and applied electric field on the growth rate of corrosion reaction film were calculated using the finite element method. At the same time, with the contact element strips used in the bushing as the test object, a corrosion test was carried out in SF6 atmosphere to simulate the high‐temperature corrosion caused by the uneven current carrying of the contacts in actual operating conditions. Combined with the effect of temperature on the film growth rate, the contact area was the most severely corroded location. The simulation can provide a qualitative analysis for the contact degradation test and a new method for studying the factors affecting the corrosion mechanism of contact element strips.
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- 2022
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3. The outcomes of margin status after sleeve lobectomy for patients of non–small cell lung cancer
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Jianghao Ren, Mingyang Zhu, Yuanyuan Xu, Ruijun Liu, Ting Ren, Zhiyi Guo, Jiangbin Ren, Kan Wang, and Qiang Tan
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margin ,sleeve lobectomy ,surgery ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Sleeve lobectomy is recognized as an alternative surgical operation to pneumonectomy because it preserves the most pulmonary function and has a considerable prognosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the implications of residual status for patients after sleeve lobectomy. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we summarized 58 242 patients who underwent surgeries from 2015 to 2018 in Shanghai Chest Hospital and found 456 eligible patients meeting the criteria. The status of R2 was excluded. The outcomes were overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS). We performed a subgroup analysis to further our investigation. Results After the propensity score match, the baseline characteristic was balanced between two groups. The survival analysis showed no significant difference of overall survival and recurrence‐free survival between R0 and R1 groups (OS: p = 0.053; RFS: p = 0.14). In the multivariate Cox analysis, we found that the margin status was not a dependent risk factor to RFS (p = 0.119) and OS (p = 0.093). In the patients of R1, N stage and age were closely related to OS, but we did not find any significant risk variable in RFS for R1 status. In the subgroup analysis, R1 status may have a worse prognosis on patients with more lymph nodes examination. On further investigation, we demonstrated no differences among the four histological types of margin status. Conclusion In our study, we confirmed that the margin status after sleeve lobectomies was not the risk factor to prognosis. However, patients with more lymph nodes resection should pay attention to the margin status.
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- 2022
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4. Reconstruction of the trachea and carina: Surgical reconstruction, autologous tissue transplantation, allograft transplantation, and bioengineering
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Jianghao Ren, Yuanyuan Xu, Guo Zhiyi, Ting Ren, Jiangbin Ren, Kan Wang, Yiqing Luo, Mingyang Zhu, and Qiang Tan
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bioengineering ,regenerative medicine ,surgery ,tracheal reconstruction ,transplantation ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract There have been significant advancements in medical techniques in the present epoch, with the emergence of some novel operative substitutes. However, the treatment of tracheal defects still faces tremendous challenges and there is, as yet, no consensus on tracheal and carinal reconstruction. In addition, surgical outcomes vary in different individuals, which results in an ambiguous future for tracheal surgery. Although transplantation was once an effective and promising method, it is limited by a shortage of donors and immune rejection. The development of bioengineering has provided an alternative for the treatment of tracheal defects, but this discipline is full of ethical controversy and hindered by limited cognition in this area. Meanwhile, progression of this technique is blocked by a deficiency in ideal materials. The trachea together with the carina is still the last unpaired organ in thoracic surgery and propososal of a favorable scheme to remove this dilemma is urgently required. In this review, four main tracheal reconstruction methods, especially surgical techniques, are evaluated, and a thorough interpretation conducted.
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- 2022
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5. Sichuan paocai fermented by mixed‐starter culture of lactic acid bacteria
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Yuanli Luo, Yuling Liu, Ting Ren, Bin Wang, Yumei Peng, Sheng Zeng, and Yu Su
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Brassica juncea var. tumida Tsen ,Lactobacillus ,Leuconostoc ,mixed‐starter culture ,Sichuan paocai ,Weissella ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Abstract To satisfy the demand of industrial production, selecting strains suitable for fermentation initiation is necessary. In this study, the effects of mixed‐starter culture including Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus, and Weissella on the quality of Sichuan pickle were discussed. Results showed that mixed‐starter culture can accelerate fermentation and had the highest efficiency for nitrite degradation, that is, the maximum nitrite concentration was 8.97 g/kg on day 1 and decreased to 1.88 mg/kg after 3 days. The mixed‐starter culture improved the sensory properties of pickles, which easily produced acids but had reduced amounts of total acids. The pickle products fermented by the mixed‐starter culture contained increased lactic acid (17.52 g/kg), mannitol (0.62%), umami (35.85), and sweet (11.36) amino acids on day 4. The strains Weissella paramesenteroides C2‐2 and Lactobacillus brevis ZP11‐2 grew well in the mixed‐starter culture fermentation.
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- 2020
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6. The Influence of Confining Stresses on Rock Fragmentation, Thrust Force, and Penetration Energy in Sandstone Indentation Tests Using Disc Cutters
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Gaofeng Wang, Ting Ren, and Gaolei Zhu
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Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
Hard rock Tunnel Boring Machines (TBMs) engaging disc cutters as cutting tools have been employed in considerable underground coal mines to accommodate the requirement of more stone drivage as operations are going deeper. This study conducted a set of disc cutter indentation tests to explore the influence of confining stresses on rock fragmentation, thrust force, and penetration energy on sandstone, which is commonly encountered in underground coal mines. The test results show that there exists a critical confining stress, under which the maximum thrust force and penetration energy keep increasing with confining stress mounting while the maximum thrust force and penetration energy will decrease or flatten if it is surpassed. By combining with previous studies and comparing the critical confining stress values to the rock mechanical properties’ values, the critical value is most likely to be of cohesion. For subsurface rock fragmentation, the Constant Cross Section (CCS) disc cutter indentation has denser cracks and their orientations are more lateral than those under the V shape one; the V shape disc cutter indentation is less sensitive to confining stresses, with no notable increase of crack number and crack reorientation with increasing confinement. Thus, the CCS disc cutter is more favorable than the V shape one from the perspective of rock fragmentation under confining stresses.
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- 2021
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7. Stress Distribution and Mechanical Behaviour of Rock Mass Containing Two Openings Underground: Analytical and Numerical Studies
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Lihai Tan, Gaofeng Wang, Ting Ren, Linming Dou, Xiaohan Yang, and Shikang Song
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Geology ,QE1-996.5 - Abstract
In this study, stress solution for rock mass containing two rectangular openings was calculated based on the Schwarz alternating method to investigate the stress distribution in rock mass around openings with different layouts. In addition, large-scale numerical models were further established for the two-opening system by means of the PFC-FLAC coupling method, in which the stress evolution, failure patterns, and acoustic emission (AE) events were presented. With the combination of analytical and numerical solutions, the interaction mechanism between two openings under different layouts was discussed from the perspective of stress and failure. The result shows that the confining stress within a certain range contributes to relieving tensile stress concentration around openings. The stress condition within the connecting area and coalescence pattern between two adjacent openings is dominated by their layout. Compared with small-size rock specimens in laboratory tests, the failure patterns around openings show a better agreement with the stress concentration characteristics determined by analytical stress solutions.
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- 2021
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8. Analysis of the Coal and Gas Outburst Mechanism from the Perspective of Tectonic Movement
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Qingyi Tu, Yuanping Cheng, Sheng Xue, Ting Ren, and Xiang Cheng
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Geology ,QE1-996.5 - Abstract
Coal and gas outburst is the extreme instability caused by stress, gas, and coal. In this review article, dominant factors and inducing factors of outburst were summarized; geologic features of typical outburst cases and the effects of tectonic movement on outbursts were analyzed; the outburst stages with considerations to geologic factors were divided. It was found that inducing factors, including buried depth, tectonic movement, gas composition, coal seam conditions, overlying/underlying rock conditions, and mining mode, control the outburst by influencing the dominant factors (stress, gas, and coal). Among them, tectonic movement is the key of outburst. Influenced by tectonic movement, the primary structure of coals is damaged/pulverized due to the tectonic stress and unique tectonic mode, resulting in the formation of tectonic coals. When external dynamic factors are changed, tectonic coals are crucial to outburst control for its evolution of porous structure as well as the unique mechanical behaviors and gas flowing responses. Besides, the preparation stage of outburst includes the tectonic process and mining process. The former one refers to the restructuring process of the original coal-bearing strata by tectonic movement, while the mining process is the prerequisite of outburst and it refers to the disturbance of human mining activities to the initial coal seams. It is suggested that more work is required on geological factors of outburst, and a few research areas are proposed for future research.
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- 2021
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9. Perilipin 2 Impacts Acute Kidney Injury via Regulation of PPARα
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Sujuan Xu, Edward Lee, Zhaoxing Sun, Xiaoyan Wang, Ting Ren, Zhouping Zou, Jifu Jin, Jie Li, Jian Zhang, Yingxiang Li, Qiang Yang, Yang Zhang, Man Guo, Yi Fang, and Xiaoqiang Ding
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Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) can induce oxidative stress and injury via the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Renal proximal tubular cells are susceptible to oxidative stress, and the dysregulation of renal proximal tubular cellular homeostasis can damage cells via apoptotic pathways. A recent study showed that the generation of ROS can increase perilipin 2 (Plin2) expression in HepG2 cells. Some evidence has also demonstrated the association between Plin2 expression and renal tumors. However, the underlying mechanism of Plin2 in I/R-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) remains elusive. Here, using a mouse model of I/R-induced AKI, we found that ROS generation was increased and the expression of Plin2 was significantly upregulated. An in vitro study further revealed that the expression of Plin2, and the generation of ROS were significantly upregulated in primary tubular cells treated with hydrogen peroxide. Accordingly, Plin2 knockdown decreased apoptosis in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells treated with hydrogen peroxide, which depended on the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα). Overall, the present study demonstrated that Plin2 is involved in AKI; knockdown of this marker might limit apoptosis via the activation of PPARα. Consequently, the downregulation of Plin2 could be a novel therapeutic strategy for AKI.
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- 2021
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10. Evaluation of Coal Seam Gas Drainability for Outburst-Prone and High-CO2-Containing Coal Seam
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Lei Zhang, Ting Ren, Naj Aziz, and Cun Zhang
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Geology ,QE1-996.5 - Abstract
This paper presents the results of an evaluation study of gas drainability in the Bulli seam in the Southern Coalfield of the Sydney Basin, NSW, Australia, where the coal seam gas (CSG) contains a high proportion of carbon dioxide (CO2). Historically the gas drainability in some particular areas of this coal seam was found to be particularly poor, which posed a significant challenge to gas predrainage. As a result, a large volume of greenhouse gases were released to the atmosphere during mining of the coal seam. Furthermore, the high gas content associated with the CO2-rich composition also increased the risks of coal and gas outburst incidents, affecting the safety of mining. After systematic literature review of evaluation factors affecting gas drainability, this evaluation study comprehensively analyzed the main critical factors, including the geology of the area, the coal cleat system, coal microstructure, coal permeability, coal sorption capacity, gas content, and gas composition. Field geology analysis showed geological variations that affected the variations of the coal cleat system and CO2 content in the coal seam. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) tests showed the tight and less-porous features in hard-to-drain coal samples. The colliery gas database analysis was carried out to assess the impact of gas content and gas composition on the drainability of the coal seam. Laboratory tests showed that the coal seam had a permeability of less than 1 mD and also showed that the coal seam was highly undersaturated, especially with high CO2 content.
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- 2019
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11. Crude Extracts and Secondary Metabolites of Epichloë bromicola against Phytophthora infestans
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Fan Li, Da‐Hai Mei, Ting Ren, and Qiu‐Yan Song
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Molecular Medicine ,Bioengineering ,General Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
Potato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans is still one of the main factors limiting potato production. Epichloë spp. can provide host plants with various resistances, which makes them show great potential in the biological control of diseases. In this study, we explored the potential biological activity of crude extracts of 20 strains of Epichloë bromicola to control P. infestans. The crude extracts of strains 1 and 8 showed significant antifungal activity with an inhibition rate of 88% and 81%, respectively, and showed different effects on the mycelium morphology of P. infestans observed by scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the two crude extracts demonstrated an interesting therapeutic and protective effect on potato late blight, and none of the extracts had an adverse effect against zebrafish embryos. A total of 13 metabolites were isolated from the crude extract of strain 8, and these tested compounds showed a weak antifungal effect and the inhibition rate was less than 80%. These findings suggested that strains 1 and 8 have potential for biocontrol of late potato blight.
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- 2022
12. Housing price, talent movement, and innovation output: Evidence from Chinese cities
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Hao Wu, Ting Ren, Xiongbin Lin, and Youzhi Xiao
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Labour economics ,Index system ,Urban planning ,050204 development studies ,0502 economics and business ,05 social sciences ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Economics ,Real estate ,Development ,Macro ,China ,Research question - Abstract
How housing costs would influence the job‐housing choice of talent and associated city‐level innovation performance is a question of interest for urban development policies. Recently, considerable attention has been paid to the influence of rising housing prices on the attraction of talent and the associated innovation output in major Chinese cities. In this paper, we use the housing price data of 51 cities from the China Real Estate Index System database and the corresponding macro data of China City Statistical Yearbooks from 2005 to 2014 to analyze this focal research question. The empirical analysis shows that the increase in city housing prices generally correlates positively with city innovation outcome and talent attraction, suggesting no crowding‐out effect on the innovative performance of the city. However, the positive association between housing prices and innovation outcome and talent attraction has started to disappear in first‐tier cities in recent years, suggesting potential crowding‐out effect if the increasing housing prices transform to bubbles. This research thus provides considerable policy implications concerning the impacts of housing prices on talent movement and innovation output.
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- 2020
13. Family ties and employment behavior: The role of financial intermediaries
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Wenyuan Liu and Ting Ren
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Age differences ,Family ties ,050204 development studies ,05 social sciences ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Financial intermediary ,Development ,Financial development ,Affect (psychology) ,Extant taxon ,0502 economics and business ,Economics ,Demographic economics ,China ,Empirical evidence - Abstract
We study the interaction effect of financial intermediaries and family ties on labor participation and employment type in China. Although existing studies examine these effects separately, we investigate the effects of both factors in one model. We give empirical evidence to support earlier arguments that family ties negatively affect labor force participation and positively affect self‐/family‐employment behavior and that financial development positively affects labor force participation. Departing from the extant literature, our results overall indicate a compensating effect of financial intermediaries for family ties in labor participation and employment type. We further argue that there are gender, urban/rural, and age differences in the role of financial intermediaries. The effect of financial intermediaries on the strength of family ties is more relevant for female, rural, and younger people compared to male, urban, and older people.
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- 2020
14. Employee ownership heterogeneity and firm performance in China
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Ting Ren, Hongyan Yang, Youzhi Xiao, and Shiyao Liu
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Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,Management of Technology and Innovation ,Strategy and Management ,Demographic economics ,Business ,China ,Applied Psychology - Published
- 2019
15. Hypocholesterolemic Effects of Capsaicinoids andLactobacillus plantarumSwun5815 Combined by Inhibiting Cholesterol Synthesis and Increasing Bile Acid and Sterols Excretion on Ovariectomized Rats
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Xiong Liu, Yuanwei Wang, Ting Ren, Yuanli Luo, and Yuming You
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Triglyceride ,biology ,Bile acid ,medicine.drug_class ,Bile acid binding ,biology.organism_classification ,Excretion ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Ovariectomized rat ,Farnesoid X receptor ,Liver X receptor ,Lactobacillus plantarum ,Food Science - Abstract
This study evaluated the hypocholesterolemic effects and potential metabolism of single and combined administrations of capsaicinoids and Lactobacillus plantarum SWUN5815 in ovariectomized rats. Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 treatment groups. One group was sham-operated (with 1 mL/100 g BW physiological saline), and the 4 other groups were double-ovariectomized: OVX-CON (with 1 mL/100 g BW physiological saline), OVX-CAP (with 1 mL/100 g BW physiological saline and fed with food containing 0.08 g/kg capsaicinoids), OVX-L. P. (with 1 mL 2 × 109 cfu/mL/100 g BW L. plantarum SWUN5815), and OVX-CAP + L. P. (with 1 mL 2 × 109 cfu/mL/100 g BW L. plantarum SWUN5815 and fed with food containing 0.08 g/kg capsaicinoids). Rats were sacrificed after 6 weeks of feeding. Results showed that the combination of capsaicinoids and L. plantarum significantly decreased the total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of plasma, total cholesterol and lipid accumulation of liver in ovariectomized rats without affecting food intake. Bile acid contents in the fecal excrement and small intestines were significantly increased by the combination compared with the individual effects. However, the mRNA levels of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA R), farnesoid X receptor (FXR), ileum bile acid binding protein (IBABP), and apical sodium-dependent bile acids transporter (ASBT) significantly decreased. Liver X receptor also remarkably increased. Therefore, these genes potentially affect cholesterol metabolism by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis and promoting excretion of bile acid. The protective effects of the combination of capsaicinoids and L. plantarum SWUN5815 on the intestines were significant in ovariectomized rats.
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- 2018
16. Selectively screen the antibacterial peptide from the hydrolysates of highland barley
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Dejing Chen, Jinjin Pei, Yanduo Tao, Wengang Jin, Jun Dang, Xinsheng Li, Zhenzhen Feng, and Ting Ren
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0301 basic medicine ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Environmental Engineering ,030106 microbiology ,Bioengineering ,Bacillus subtilis ,Biology ,Trypsin ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease_cause ,Hydrolysate ,Amino acid ,03 medical and health sciences ,Hydrolysis ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,medicine ,Antibacterial activity ,Mode of action ,Escherichia coli ,Research Articles ,Biotechnology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Highland barley is one of the most important industrial crops in Tibetan plateau. Previous research indicated that highland barley has many medical functions. In this work, the antibacterial abilities of highland barley were investigated. The protein solutions hydrolyzed by trypsin for 4 h exhibited the highest antibacterial activity. An antibacterial peptide, barleycin, was screened and purified by magnetic liposome extraction combining with the protein profiles of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Structure, characterization and safety evaluation of barleycin were further investigated. Amino acids sequence was determined as Lys-Ile-Ile-Ile-Pro-Pro-Leu-Phe-His by N-sequencing. Circular dichroism spectra indicated the a-helix conformation of barleycin. The activity spectrum included Bacillus subtilis, Staphylcoccus aureus, Listeria innocua and Escherichia coli and the MICs were from 4–16 μg/ml. Safety evaluations with cytotoxicity and hemolytic suggested this antibacterial peptide could be considered as safe at MICs. Finally, mode of action of barleycin on sensitive cells was primarily studied. The results suggested of the damage of cell membrane. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
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- 2017
17. Influence of the large-small split effect on strategy choice in complex subtraction
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Lei Mo, Hao Wu, Yanhui Xiang, Ting ting Ren, Rui hong Shang, Li ling Zheng, and Xiaomei Chao
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03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Process theory ,05 social sciences ,Subtraction ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,General Medicine ,Arithmetic ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,050105 experimental psychology ,General Psychology - Abstract
Two main theories have been used to explain the arithmetic split effect: decision-making process theory and strategy choice theory. Using the inequality paradigm, previous studies have confirmed that individuals tend to adopt a plausibility-checking strategy and a whole-calculation strategy to solve large and small split problems in complex addition arithmetic, respectively. This supports strategy choice theory, but it is unknown whether this theory also explains performance in solving different split problems in complex subtraction arithmetic. This study used small, intermediate and large split sizes, with each split condition being further divided into problems requiring and not requiring borrowing. The reaction times (RTs) for large and intermediate splits were significantly shorter than those for small splits, while accuracy was significantly higher for large and middle splits than for small splits, reflecting no speed-accuracy trade-off. Further, RTs and accuracy differed significantly between the borrow and no-borrow conditions only for small splits. This study indicates that strategy choice theory is suitable to explain the split effect in complex subtraction arithmetic. That is, individuals tend to choose the plausibility-checking strategy or the whole-calculation strategy according to the split size.
- Published
- 2016
18. Do Nonprofits Treat Their Employees Differently? Incentive Pay and Health Benefits
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Ting Ren, Xinxiang Chen, and David Knoke
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Incentive ,National organization ,Market competition ,Performance based incentives ,Public economics ,Strategy and Management ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Self-insurance ,Economics ,Principal–agent problem ,Health benefits ,Independence ,media_common - Abstract
We examine how nonprofit, public, and for-profit establishments vary in the provision of health benefits and insurance and performance-based incentives using the 2002 National Organization Survey of establishments in the United States. We found that in comparison to for-profit firms, both nonprofit and public organizations are less likely to use performance-based incentives, although they provide their employees with better health benefits and insurance. Sectoral differences in the provision of health benefits and insurance and use of performancebased incentives persist after controlling for correlates of sector that predict these outcomes, including establishment size, independence of establishment, market competition, establishment age, and unionization. We also found trade-offs between the provision of health benefits and insurance and use of performance-based incentives. Our results are generally consistent with the prediction from agency theory and also consistent with a view that
- Published
- 2013
19. Remarkably conserved plastid genomes ofQuercusgroupCerrisin China: comparative and phylogenetic analyses
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Yanci Yang, Ting Ren, Yiheng Hu, Gui-Fang Zhao, and Jingjing Sun
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0301 basic medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Phylogenetic tree ,Evolutionary biology ,Group (periodic table) ,Botany ,Plastid Genomes ,Plant Science ,Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2018
20. Wage Inequality and Performance in Nonprofit and For-Profit Organizations
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Ting Ren and Darla J. Hamann
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Wage inequality ,Labour economics ,Service quality ,Equity (economics) ,Strategy and Management ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Equity theory ,Economics ,Wage ,Tournament ,Organizational performance ,media_common ,Tournament theory - Abstract
This article examines the effects of several forms of wage inequality on service quality and employee effort. We suggest that two popular theories, tournament and fair wage/equity, are not necessarily competing. Each theory accurately describes aspects of employee behavior, but because of sectoral differences in organizational objectives and employee attitudes, tournament theory’s predictions are relatively stronger in the for-profit sector, while fair wage/equity theory’s predictions are relatively stronger in the nonprofit sector. Using an employer–employee matched data set of nursing homes linked to a federal regulatory database and a resident survey, we found that ownership moderates the relationship between wage inequality and service quality. Although wage inequality positively affects service quality in the for-profit sector, the reverse is true among nonprofit organizations. We also found that overall wage inequality in the workplace has a more pronounced influence on employee discretionary effort than does the employee’s place in the distribution of wages.
- Published
- 2013
21. Antithrombotic effect of Z4A5 on coronary thrombosis in a canine model of acute unstable angina
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Bing Wang, Hui Zhang, Xin-Liang Shen, Ying-Xue Li, Wei-Jin Zang, Yiping Li, Mei Wang, Shu-Ting Ren, Yi-Li Wang, and Bo-Bin Jing
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Pharmacology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Unstable angina ,Femoral artery ,medicine.disease ,Thrombosis ,Coronary thrombosis ,Internal medicine ,Anesthesia ,medicine.artery ,Antithrombotic ,Cardiology ,Platelet aggregation inhibitor ,Medicine ,business ,Fibrinolytic agent ,Platelet-poor plasma - Abstract
Background and Purpose The glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor is the final common pathway of platelet aggregation, regardless of the agonist, and thus represents an ideal therapeutic target for blocking coronary thrombosis. In this study, the anti-platelet and antithrombotic actions of Z4A5, a new glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitor, were evaluated in a canine model of acute unstable angina. Experimental Approach Z4A5 was given i.v. as a bolus followed by 60 min of continuous infusion at doses of 30 μg·kg−1 + 1 μg·kg−1·min−1, 30 μg·kg−1 + 5 μg·kg−1·min−1 or 300 μg·kg−1 + 5 μg·kg−1·min−1. Its antithrombotic effect was evaluated in a model of coronary thrombosis, the injured, stenosed left circumflex coronary artery, in which platelet-dependent cyclic flow reductions (CFRs) were induced by vascular compression and constriction to simulate clinical acute unstable angina. Platelet aggregation and coagulation parameters were determined in platelet-rich plasma and platelet poor plasma respectively. Key Results The Z4A5 infusion induced a dose-dependent reduction in CFR frequency, which returned to baseline levels after the termination of the infusion at low doses. At medium dose that inhibited most part of platelet aggregation, it increased tongue bleeding time marginally with no dramatic changes in haemodynamic and coagulation parameters. Furthermore, the inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation and prolonged bleeding time observed during Z4A5 infusion reverted to baseline levels after the termination of the infusion. Conclusions and Implications Z4A5 is an effective antithrombotic agent for coronary artery thrombosis with a rapid-on and rapid-off pharmacological profile, and could be used as an alternative treatment of coronary artery ischaemic syndromes.
- Published
- 2013
22. Uremic anorexia and gastrointestinal motility dysfunction correlate with the changes of ghrelin system in hypothalamus
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Liqun Ma, Heng Ge, Ganglian Yao, Zhao Chen, Rongguo Fu, Shu-Ting Ren, Rongliang Xue, Bao-Song Gui, Dan Zhu, and Li Wang
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Meal ,business.industry ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Growth hormone secretagogue receptor ,Motility ,General Medicine ,Anorexia ,Endocrinology ,Nephrology ,Hypothalamus ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Ghrelin ,Analysis of variance ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Blood urea nitrogen ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists - Abstract
Aim Ghrelin can act as a signal for meal initiation and play a role in the regulation of gastrointestinal (GI) motility via hypothalamic circuit. This study investigated the correlation between changes of hypothalamic ghrelin system and GI motility dysfunction and anorexia in rats with chronic renal failure (CRF). Methods Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats (male/female 1:1, 180 ± 20 g) were randomly classified into a CRF group and control group (n = 8 per group). 5/6 nephrectomy was used to construct the CRF model. When plasma creatinine concentration (PCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in the CRF group were twice higher than the normal, food intake (g/24 h) and gastrointestinal interdigestive myoelectric complex (IMC) were detected. Then all rats were killed for assessment of the mRNA expression of ghrelin and growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R) in hypothalamus using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Analysis of variance, Student-Newman-Keuls-q-test and Correlation Analysis were used to do statistical analysis. P
- Published
- 2013
23. Heterotrophs grown on the soluble microbial products (SMP) released by autotrophs are responsible for the nitrogen loss in nitrifying granular sludge
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Ting-Ting Ren, Guo-Ping Sheng, Bing-Jie Ni, Gang Liu, Shaoyang Liu, Fang Fang, Yangchao Tian, You-Peng Chen, Han-Qing Yu, and Wen-Ming Xie
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Denitrification ,Nitrogen ,Microbial Consortia ,Heterotroph ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Bioengineering ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Microbiology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Nitrate ,Autotroph ,In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ,Nitrites ,Autotrophic Processes ,Bacteria ,Sewage ,Heterotrophic Processes ,Nitrification ,Anoxic waters ,Aerobiosis ,Carbon ,Activated sludge ,chemistry ,Environmental chemistry ,Biotechnology - Abstract
In this work, nitrogen loss in the nitrite oxidation step of the nitrification process in an aerobic-granule-based reactor was characterized with both experimental and modeling approaches. Experimental results showed that soluble microbial products (SMP) were released from the nitrite-oxidizing granules and were utilized as a carbon source by the heterotrophs for denitrification. This was verified by the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. Microelectrode tests showed that oxygen diffusion limitation did result in an anoxic micro-zone in the granules and allowed sequential utilization of nitrate as an electron acceptor for heterotrophic denitrification with SMP as a carbon source. To further elucidate the nitrogen loss mechanisms, a mathematic model was formulated to describe the growth of nitrite oxidizers, the formation and consumption of SMP, the anoxic heterotrophic growth on SMP and nitrate, as well as the oxygen transfer and the substrate diffusion in the granules. The results clearly indicate that the heterotrophs grown on the SMP released by the autotrophs are responsible for the nitrogen loss in the nitrifying granules, and give us a better understanding of the aerobic granules for nitrogen removal. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011;108: 2844-2852. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
- Published
- 2011
24. A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ALLOCATION OF DECISION-MAKING ACROSS STAKEHOLDER GROUPS: THE CASE OF PERSONAL CARE INDUSTRIES
- Author
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Avner Ben-Ner and Ting Ren
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics ,Personal care ,Delegate ,Sociology and Political Science ,business.industry ,Local government ,Stakeholder ,Economics ,Survey data collection ,Public relations ,Nursing homes ,business ,Profit (economics) - Abstract
The article compares the allocation of decision-making across stakeholder groups in for-profit, non- profit and local government personal care facilities in one state in the United States. We analyze detailed survey data on nursing homes, childcare centers and group homes. We find that in comparison to nonprofit and government organizations, for-profit firms delegate more decision-making power to executives and owners, and less to their employees, consumers, families, boards of directors, and community representatives. The differences, although generally small, support the hypothesis that decision- making is allocated to different groups in accord with the broad objectives of the organization.
- Published
- 2010
25. Characterization of novel astragaloside malonates from Radix Astragali by HPLC with ESI quadrupole TOF MS
- Author
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E-Hu Liu, Hai-Xia Cai, Mei-Ting Ren, Lian-Wen Qi, Ping Li, Chu Chu, and Bin Li
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Chromatography ,Saponin ,Filtration and Separation ,Tandem mass spectrometry ,High-performance liquid chromatography ,Analytical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Column chromatography ,Astragaloside ,Triterpene ,chemistry ,Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry ,Radix - Abstract
A structurally identified new compound named malonylastragaloside I was isolated and obtained from Radix Astragali. This novel compound was found to be unstable especially under high temperature and pH value. Using sonication extraction, addition of formic acid, and an efficient medium pressure ODS C(18) column chromatography method, a high yield of 40 mg of this compound was obtained from 150 g of powdered crude herbal medicine. Malonylastragaloside I was structurally characterized by NMR and ESI quadrupole TOF MS. With the strategy of target precursor ions scan, a total of 22 astragalosides including 8 astragaloside malonates were screened and characterized from the methanolic extract of Radix Astragali by HPLC-Q-TOF/MS. The eight astragaloside malonates were found in both Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus and A. membranaceus. The results provided a real profile of various triterpene saponins in Radix Astragali. It is a first report regarding isolation and characterization of astragaloside malonates in Astragalus species.
- Published
- 2010
26. Value Congruence as a Source of Intrinsic Motivation
- Author
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Ting Ren
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics ,Knowledge management ,ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Congruence (geometry) ,business.industry ,Intrinsic motivation ,Psychology ,Nursing homes ,business ,Organizational performance ,Social psychology - Abstract
SUMMARY Using a multisource dataset consisting of information from organizational survey and public database of nursing homes in a Midwestern state in the United States, the present study empirically investigates the relationships between employee-organization value congruence, organizational delegation of decision-making and monitoring in the workplace. The results show that value congruence between employees and the organization complements delegation of decision-making, substitutes for monitoring, and further improves organizational performance, especially which of the relational dimension. These findings suggest that value congruence can serve as a source of intrinsic motivation for employee effort and mitigate agency problems in the workplace.
- Published
- 2010
27. Rapid analysis of constituents of Radix Cyathulae using hydrophilic interaction-reverse phase LC-MS
- Author
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Longsheng Sheng, Ping Li, Hui-Jun Li, Peng Liu, and Mei-Ting Ren
- Subjects
Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ,Electrospray ,Cyathula officinalis ,Chromatography ,Molecular Structure ,biology ,Chemistry ,Hydrophilic interaction chromatography ,Filtration and Separation ,Reversed-phase chromatography ,biology.organism_classification ,High-performance liquid chromatography ,Analytical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Hederagenin ,Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry ,Medicine, Chinese Traditional ,Oleanane ,Chromatography, Liquid - Abstract
A hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) and reverse-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) coupled with electrospray TOF MS method was developed for the analysis and characterization of constituents in the radix of Cyathula officinalis Kuan. Separation parameters of HILIC such as buffer pH, mobile phase strength, and organic modifier were evaluated. Fructose, glucose, and sucrose were identified by HILIC-ESI/TOF MS. Reverse-phase liquid chromatography-ESI/TOF MS were applied for quick and sensitive identification of major saponins in Cyathula officinalis. In-source collision-induced dissociation has been performed to elucidate the fragmentation pathways of oleanane-, hederagenin-, and gypsogmin-type saponins. Twelve saponins were characterized in this plant for the first time, and four of them were presumed to be new compounds. In addition, one phytoecdysteroid (cyasterone) and one coumarin (6,7-dimethoxycoumarin) were detected at the same time. The present method was capable of rapid characterizing and providing structure information of constituents from herbal drugs.
- Published
- 2009
28. Identification of metabolites of Danggui Buxue Tang in rat urine by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry
- Author
-
Chang-Yin Li, Yan-Jing Li, Zhen Gong, E-Hu Liu, Ping Li, Yan-Fei Zhu, Xiao-Xiao Ge, Xiao-Dong Wen, Mei-Ting Ren, Xiao-Lin Yang, and Lian-Wen Qi
- Subjects
Chromatography ,Chemistry ,Electrospray ionization ,Metabolite ,Organic Chemistry ,Glucuronidation ,Urine ,Mass spectrometry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Phthalide ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Sulfation ,Time-of-flight mass spectrometry ,Spectroscopy - Abstract
A method coupling liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-TOF/MS) has been developed for rapid and sensitive analysis of rat urinary metabolite profile of Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT), a well-known Chinese herbal formula. After oral administration of DBT, urine samples were collected during 0-24 h, and then pretreated by solid-phase extraction. A total of 68 compounds including 13 parent compounds and 55 metabolites were detected in the drug-containing urines compared with blank urines. The total analytical time was less than 20 min. Metabolites of DBT were identified using dynamic adjustment of the fragmentor voltage to produce structure-relevant fragment ions. By using this approach, the mass accuracy of precursor and fragment ions was typically within +/-5 ppm of the theoretical values, and enabled the identification of 43 metabolites including 27 isoflavanoid and 16 phthalide metabolites. Our results indicated that glucuronidation and sulfation were the major metabolic pathways of isoflavonoids, while glutathione conjugation, glucuronidation and sulfation were the main metabolic pathways of phthalides. No saponin-related metabolites were detected. The results of the present study provided important structural information relating to the metabolism of DBT. Furthermore, this work demonstrated the potential of the LC/ESI-TOF/MS approach for identification of metabolites from Chinese herbal medicines in urine.
- Published
- 2009
29. Hydrodynamics of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors
- Author
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Han-Qing Yu, Yang Mu, Bing-Jie Ni, and Ting-Ting Ren
- Subjects
Cfd simulation ,Engineering ,Environmental Engineering ,Anaerobic sludge ,business.industry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Nuclear engineering ,Environmental engineering ,Blanket ,Flow pattern ,Computational fluid dynamics ,Dispersion coefficient ,Bioreactor ,Phase holdup ,business ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The hydrodynamic characteristics of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors were investigated in this study. A UASB reactor was visualized as being set-up of a number of continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) in series. An increasing-sized CSTRs (ISC) model was developed to describe the hydrodynamics of such a bioreactor. The gradually increasing tank size in the ISC model implies that the dispersion coefficient decreased along the axial of the UASB reactor and that its hydrodynamic behavior was basically dispersion-controlled. Experimental results from both laboratory-scale H2-producing and full-scale CH4-producing UASB reactors were used to validate this model. Simulation results demonstrate that the ISC model was better than the other models in describing the hydrodynamics of the UASB reactors. Moreover, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was performed with an Eulerian-Eulerian three-phase-fluid approach to visualize the phase holdup and to explore the flow patterns in UASB reactors. The results from the CFD simulation were comparable with those of the ISC model predictions in terms of the flow patterns and dead zone fractions. The simulation results about the flow field further confirm the discontinuity in the mixing behaviors throughout a UASB reactor.
- Published
- 2009
30. Double-Template Synthesis of CdS Nanotubes with Strong Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence
- Author
-
Lin Dong, Jian-Jun Miao, Hong-Yuan Chen, Ting Ren, and Jun-Jie Zhu
- Subjects
Materials science ,food.ingredient ,Inorganic chemistry ,Molecular Conformation ,Metal Nanoparticles ,Sulfides ,Photochemistry ,Gelatin ,law.invention ,Biomaterials ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,food ,Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ,X-Ray Diffraction ,law ,Materials Testing ,Cadmium Compounds ,Nanotechnology ,General Materials Science ,Chemiluminescence ,Nanotubes ,Nanotubes, Carbon ,General Chemistry ,Template synthesis ,Cadmium sulfide ,Models, Chemical ,Semiconductors ,chemistry ,Luminescent Measurements ,Crystallization ,Cadmium ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2005
31. Small Airway Dysfunction in Chronic Bronchitis with Preserved Pulmonary Function
- Author
-
Qi Ding, Bai-Bing Mi, Xia Wei, Jie Li, Jiu-Yun Mi, Jing-Ting Ren, and Rui-Li Li
- Subjects
Diseases of the respiratory system ,RC705-779 - Abstract
Impairment of pulmonary function was evaluated in chronic bronchitis patients with preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm). We retrospectively collected clinical data from 157 chronic bronchitis (CB) and 186 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients between October 2014 and September 2017. These patients were assigned to three groups: control (normal pulmonary function), PRISm (forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1]/forced vital capacity [FVC] ≥ 0.7, FEV1
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Molecular features in young vs elderly breast cancer patients and the impacts on survival disparities by age at diagnosis
- Author
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Mei‐Xia Wang, Jun‐Ting Ren, Lu‐Ying Tang, and Ze‐Fang Ren
- Subjects
age ,breast cancer ,mediation ,molecular features ,prognosis ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Young and elderly breast cancer patients are more likely to have a poorer outcome than middle‐aged patients. The intrinsic molecular features for this disparity are unclear. We obtained data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) on May 15, 2017 to test the potential mediation effects of the molecular features on the association between age and prognosis with a four‐step approach. The relative contributions of the molecular features (PAM50 subtype, risk stratification, DNAm age, and mutations in TP53, PIK3CA, MLL3, CDH1, GATA3, and MAP3K1) to age disparities in survival were estimated by Cox proportional hazard models with or without the features. Young patients were significantly more likely to have basal‐like subtype, GATA3 mutations, and younger DNA methylation (DNAm) age than middle‐aged patients (P
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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