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45 results on '"Thoenen, H"'

42. Neurotrophic factors and neuronal death.

Author

Thoenen H, Barde YA, Davies AM, and Johnson JE

Subjects
Animals, Brain metabolism, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Cell Survival, Ciliary Body metabolism, Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor, Extracellular Matrix metabolism, Nerve Growth Factors physiology, Nerve Tissue Proteins isolation & purification, Nerve Tissue Proteins metabolism, Nerve Tissue Proteins physiology, Neurons physiology
Abstract

The well-documented physiological role of nerve growth factor (NGF) in peripheral sympathetic and neural-crest-derived sensory neurons in vivo has its exact counterpart in vitro. This provided the conceptual basis for developing in vitro analytical procedures for the purification of new neurotrophic molecules. The experimental approaches used are discussed in the context of the purification of new neurotrophic factors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF). The importance of the modulatory role played by extracellular matrix molecules, in particular laminin, on both NGF-mediated and BDNF-mediated survival effects is also delineated. BDNF is a very basic (pI approximately 10) molecule of about 12 kDa, having physico-chemical characteristics close to those of the monomer of NGF. However, the spectrum of its biological actions is distinctly different from that of NGF. In particular, BDNF supports the survival of retinal ganglion cells and placode-derived peripheral sensory neurons which are not supported by NGF. The trophic supply of primary sensory neurons projecting to both the central nervous system and the periphery is discussed. It is hypothesized that sensory neurons receive limited quantities of neurotrophic molecules from both peripheral and central axons, a mechanism ensuring the survival of neurons adequately connected with both peripheral and central targets.

Published
1987
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43. Nerve growth factor.

Author

Thoenen H, Korsching S, Heumann R, and Acheson A

Subjects
Animals, Brain Chemistry, Chemical Phenomena, Chemistry, Cyclic AMP physiology, Enzyme Induction, Humans, Male, Mice, Nerve Growth Factors analysis, Nerve Growth Factors genetics, Peripheral Nerves analysis, RNA, Messenger analysis, Rats, Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase analysis, Nerve Growth Factors physiology
Abstract

In contrast to all other molecules which are labelled 'growth factor', NGF is not a mitogen. It is a neurotrophic molecule essential for the development and maintenance of function of specific populations of peripheral and possibly also central neurons. The availability of NGF in large quantities from exocrine glands (e.g. male mouse submandibular gland), where NGF does not play a neurotrophic role, has allowed the purification of NGF, the production of specific antibodies, the determination of its amino acid sequence and finally the molecular cloning of NGF leading to the elucidation of its precursor structure and its genomic organization. Comparison of the biological activities and the immunological properties of NGF isolated from different sources demonstrated that the active centre of the molecule has been highly conserved during evolution, whereas other parts of the molecule determining immunological properties have undergone considerable changes. After a survey of the essential biological actions of NGF, this paper concentrates on two actual questions of NGF research, namely the regulation of NGF synthesis in the target tissues of NGF-responsive neurons, and the molecular mechanism(s) of action of NGF on these neurons.

Published
1985
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44. Proceedings: The recovery of vascular adrenergic nerve function in the rat after chemical sympathectomy with 6-hydroxydopamine.

Author

Finch L, Haeusler G, Kuhn H, and Thoenen H

Subjects
Animals, Blood Pressure drug effects, Mesenteric Arteries metabolism, Myocardium metabolism, Norepinephrine metabolism, Physostigmine pharmacology, Rats, Renal Artery metabolism, Salivary Glands metabolism, Time Factors, Tyramine pharmacology, Hydroxydopamines pharmacology, Sympathetic Nervous System drug effects
Published
1972

45. Proceedings: Failure to induce experimental hypertension in rats after intraventricular injection of 6-hydroxydopamine.

Author

Finch L, Haeusler G, and Thoenen H

Subjects
Animals, Cerebral Ventricles, Desoxycorticosterone pharmacology, Hydroxydopamines administration & dosage, Hydroxydopamines therapeutic use, Hypertension, Renal drug therapy, Hypothalamus metabolism, Injections, Medulla Oblongata metabolism, Norepinephrine metabolism, Rats, Stimulation, Chemical, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase metabolism, Blood Pressure drug effects, Hydroxydopamines pharmacology
Published
1972

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