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An example is given of an operator weight W that satisfies the dyadic operator Hunt–Muckenhoupt–Wheeden condition [Aopf ]d2 for which there exists a dyadic martingale transform on L2 (W) that is unbounded. The construction relates weighted boundedness to the boundedness of dyadic vector Hankel operators.

Olanzapine metabolism was investigated using incubation of olanzapine with human liver slices. The intent of the investigation was to identify olanzapine metabolites and determine if the human liver slice incubations could potentially produce quantities of the olanzapine glucuronides for future studies. Along with known Phase 1 olanzapine metabolites, N-desmethyl-, 2-hydroxymethyl-, and 4'-N-oxide-, a new hydroxylated species was detected. Detection of Phase 2 metabolites included known N-10-glucuronides, a quaternary glucuronide and a novel glucuronide conjugate. This investigation showed the feasibility of using human liver slices to produce sufficient quantities of olanzapine glucuronides for further studies.

The influence of temperature and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on the rate of predation by the predatory mite, Amblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans) on Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) was determined under controlled laboratory conditions. The survival of first instars of F. occidentalis was initially determined by themselves. Then the number of first instars that were killed by a single female adult of A. cucumeris was determined for the same density of thrips. The differences in the mortality between the two experiments were used to calculate the rate of predation by A. cucumeris under a range of temperature and VPD regimes. Rate of predation was expressed as the number of thrips killed per h to account for the different time periods that the trials lasted. A quadratic model was fitted to the data. At a constant temperature, the rate of predation decreased with increasing VPD for VPDs < 1.24 to 1.44 kPa. Above these VPDs, the rate of predation started to increase again. At a constant VPD, the rate of predation decreased slightly at the lower temperatures and increased at the higher temperatures. The rate of change was dependent upon the VPD. By using the quadratic model, the rate of predation can be predicted for the range of hygrothermal conditions that would be encountered in the greenhouse. The optimal condition for maximum rate of predation by A. cucumeris on first instars of F. occidentalis in the greenhouse is a VPD < 0.75 kPa at the recommended production temperatures and VPDs (17 to 25°C and < 1.5 kPa).

Controlled environment studies have shown that peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) leaf CO2 exchange rates (CER) are sensitive to night temperatures OAC Garroy > all other genotypes. The cultivar OAC Ruby showed a reduction in CER of approximately 25% when Tmin fell from 20 to 5 degrees C. In contrast, Early Bunch, Chico, VA910212, and OAC Tango did not differ from each other and were relatively sensitive to low Tmin, with CER reduced by approximately 55% for the same reduction in Tmin. After Tmin of 20 degrees C, however, CER of sensitive genotypes was 17% higher than that of OAC Ruby. Canopy minimum temperatures at Delhi were 1 to 3 degrees C cooler than Tmin, primarily due to radiative cooling. Microclimate differences between environments will affect the magnitude of differences between Tmin and Tmin (leaf) and therefore affect the utility of Tmin-CER relationships developed here.