1. IRRIGATION AND THE ENVIRONMENTAL TRAGEDY: PATHWAYS TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY IN AGRICULTURAL WATER USE
- Author
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Sandra Payen and Sylvain Perret
- Subjects
Analyse du cycle de vie ,0208 environmental biotechnology ,Soil Science ,02 engineering and technology ,Dégradation de l'environnement ,Ecosystem services ,Méthode d'irrigation ,Agriculture durable ,Farm water ,Utilisation de l'eau ,Environmental impact assessment ,F06 - Irrigation ,P10 - Ressources en eau et leur gestion ,Irrigation ,Environmental degradation ,Environmental planning ,Durabilité ,Sustainable development ,Impact sur l'environnement ,Objectifs de développement durable ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,services écosystémiques ,020801 environmental engineering ,Paradigm shift ,Sustainability ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières ,Business ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Nexus (standard) ,Utilisation de l'eau en agriculture - Abstract
Global environmental degradation, and the diverse and intense interactions between irrigation and the environment, are prompting the sector to play a more active role towards sustainability. This paper builds on ICID's 2030 vision on a more sustainable irrigation sector. It recaps the various environmental impacts of irrigation systems and calls for a threefold paradigm shift: the objectives of irrigation, its practices, and the ways to assess its impacts must evolve. The paper critically analyses the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs') framework, which provides a prompting set of orientations, yet with little consideration of the systemic nature of irrigation. The paper promotes more operational frameworks: nexus thinking and the ecosystem services' framework, since both allow for systemic approaches, and for developing trade‐offs. The paper also discusses the merits of life cycle analysis (LCA) for environmental impact assessment. The benefits gained through these alternative approaches are illustrated in two cases of environmental impacts: return flow and salinization. Finally, the paper suggests combining these approaches with three principles for fostering a true paradigm shift in agricultural water use: developing and using suitable metrics, combining models to reconnect economic concerns with environmental ones, and considering larger territories and ecosystems to cater for interactions with the environment.
- Published
- 2020