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47 results on '"Spadaro J"'

17. Preview abstracts released!

Author

Miller, R. W., primary, Earle, F. R., additional, Albrecht, H., additional, McBride, J. J., additional, Stephens, R. L., additional, Lawrence, R. V., additional, Malins, D. C., additional, Wekell, J. C., additional, Houle, C. R., additional, Dutton, H. J., additional, Mounts, T. L., additional, Allen, R. R., additional, Pominski, J., additional, Patton, E. L., additional, Spadaro, J. J., additional, Frankel, E. N., additional, Maurer, E. W., additional, Stirton, A. J., additional, Ault, Waldo C., additional, Weil, J. K., additional, Haeberer, E. T., additional, Maerker, G., additional, Cooper, Robert S., additional, Ginn, M. E., additional, Anderson, R. M., additional, Harris, J. C., additional, Yu, T. C., additional, Sinnhuber, Russell O., additional, Litchfield, Carter, additional, Reiser, Raymond, additional, Isbell, A. F., additional, Feldman, G. L., additional, Pohle, W. D., additional, Gregory, R. L., additional, Tierney, S. E., additional, Taylor, J. R., additional, Harlow, Robert D., additional, Privett, O. S., additional, Christense Nickell, E., additional, Nicolaides, N., additional, Laves, Fritz, additional, Theriault, Donald G., additional, Pelick, Nicholas, additional, Henly, Robert S., additional, Sweeney, Robert F., additional, Carroll, K. K., additional, Rouser, George, additional, Kritchevsky, Gene, additional, Heller, Dorothy, additional, Lieber, Ellen, additional, and Vandenheuvel, F. A., additional

Published
1963
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44. Density and structural changes in the bone of growing rats after weekly alendronate administration with and without a methotrexate challenge.

Author

Spadaro JA, Damron TA, Horton JA, Margulies BS, Murray GM, Clemente DA, and Strauss JA

Subjects
Alendronate administration & dosage, Animals, Bone and Bones pathology, Male, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Alendronate pharmacology, Bone Density drug effects, Bone Density Conservation Agents pharmacology, Bone and Bones drug effects, Methotrexate toxicity
Abstract

Alendronate (ALN) and other bisphosphonates have been used successfully in pediatric patients with osteopenia secondary to connective tissue diseases. Loss of growth in height has not been reported, but concerns remain regarding the effect of these potent antiresorptive agents when used in children and adolescents. High-dose methotrexate (MTX) and other chemotherapy drugs have been implicated in osteoporosis and a high fracture incidence in survivors of childhood cancers and are also associated with osteopenia in adult animals. The effect of high dose MTX on bone density during rapid skeletal growth, however, has not been widely studied, nor has the potentially therapeutic effect of bisphosphonates in this setting. We examined the effects of ALN and MTX administration, alone and in combination, on bone density, morphology, mechanical strength, and longitudinal growth in normal growing rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were given ALN once weekly (0.3 mg/kg) from 5 to 11 weeks of age, with and without a course of methotrexate (MTX) given daily in weeks 1 and 3 (0.75 mg/kg/day). Twenty-four animals were randomly divided into four groups: Control (vehicle), ALN alone, ALN + MTX, and MTX alone. After 6 weeks, the femora, tibiae, and lumbar spine were studied by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, peripheral quantitative computed tomography, mechanical strength testing, microradiography, light microscopy, and by determination of ash weights and bone lengths. ALN treatment increased bone mineral density (BMD) by 23% to 68%. The largest increases in the femur occurred in the distal third where endochondral bone growth was greatest and included large increases in trabecular bone and total cross-sectional area. ALN + MTX produced similar effects to ALN alone. MTX only reduced BMD by 8% in the vertebrae, but not significantly at other sites. MTX also led to femoral length reductions of 2.9%. The small reductions in BMD due to MTX were overwhelmed by the increases due to ALN, whereas the length loss was unaffected. Transverse density banding corresponding to weekly ALN administrations were clearly evident radiographically throughout the growing skeleton, likely due to decreased resorption and possibly increased mineralization in the bands. ALN or ALN + MTX treatment also led to increases in mechanical strength in the femora. Although MTX administration during growth leads to some BMD reduction, ALN given with MTX eliminates this reduction and in fact bone density and strength increase above control levels., (Copyright 2006 Orthopaedic Research Society.)

Published
2006
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45. Physeal response to absorbable polydioxanone bone pins in growing rabbits.

Author

Cady RB, Siegel JA, Mathien G, Spadaro JA, and Chase SE

Subjects
Animals, Bone Remodeling, Rabbits, Bone Development, Bone Substitutes, Polydioxanone
Abstract

Absorbable fixation materials would seem especially useful for treating transphyseal fractures in growing children, but their degradation products may affect physeal growth. The histologic response of an open physis to placement of transphyseal, polydioxanone (PDS), bioabsorbable pins was studied in skeletally immature New Zealand White rabbits. A 1.3-mm PDS pin was inserted across the right femoral physis, and a 1.3-mm empty drill hole across the left femoral physis served as a control. The animals were sacrificed at 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks postsurgery. Biplanar radiographs, bone length measurements, and histology sections of the physis and adjacent bone were made. Three independent observers graded the histologic response of the physis to the drilling and implant. There was no evidence of inflammation, foreign body reaction, or distortion of the growth plate during the entire growth period. This suggests bioabsorbable pins do not cause any appreciable inflammatory response or adverse effect on physeal function during active longitudinal growth of the bone., (Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.)

Published
1999
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46. Bone growth after osteotomy and internal fixation in young rabbits.

Author

Albanese SA, Spadaro JA, Chase SE, and Geel CW

Subjects
Animals, Bone and Bones diagnostic imaging, Bone and Bones metabolism, Rabbits, Radiography, Radionuclide Imaging, Technetium pharmacokinetics, Tissue Distribution, Animals, Newborn growth & development, Bone Development, Internal Fixators, Osteotomy
Abstract

The factors leading to overgrowth following fixation of long-bone fractures in children have never been clearly understood. The amount of trauma and the type of fixation may play a role. A rabbit model was used to investigate the influence of a femoral osteotomy and plate fixation on subsequent growth. Unilateral midshaft femoral osteotomy was performed in 6-week-old rabbits, and the bone was fixed internally with a plate and screws. End-to-end reduction was performed either at full length or with a segment removed. Bone length measurements at the end of growth revealed no significant difference in growth between the control femur and the femur that had undergone osteotomy and plate fixation. Shortened plated femora also showed no tendency to grow longer or faster than full-length fixed femora or controls. Interestingly, in the ipsilateral tibia a small but statistically significant length increase, equivalent to about 2% increase in additional growth, was observed, whereas technetium-99 methylene diphosphonate uptake was reduced in the tibial physes. In the context of the rabbit experimental model chosen, these results suggest that significant femoral over-growth does not occur following femoral osteotomy and plate fixation.

Published
1996
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47. Bone formation near direct current electrodes with and without motion.

Author

Spadaro JA, Albanese SA, and Chase SE

Subjects
Analysis of Variance, Animals, Bone Development physiology, Electric Conductivity, Electric Stimulation, Femur cytology, Femur physiology, Models, Biological, Rabbits, Electrodes, Osteogenesis physiology
Abstract

The osteogenesis induced in the medullary canal of rabbits by the implantation of moving and stationary wire electrodes was studied with and without the simultaneous application of 20-microA constant direct cathodic current. After 3 weeks, the formation of new trabecular bone in the canal was studied and measured microscopically. Electrically stimulated osteogenesis was not observed at stationary electrodes. As in previous studies with this model, a movable electrode alone stimulated new bone formation whose area was 7-10% of the canal area. The amount of this bone was not statistically increased by the addition of cathode current. Movable, electrically active cathodes were associated, however, with fluid-filled spaces incorporated within the new trabecular bone. When mechanical stimuli were controlled, we were not able to demonstrate that the direct current stainless steel cathode acts either as an inducer or a substantial enhancer of medullary osteogenesis.

Published
1992
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