Search

Coaching methods are aimed at motivating people to achieve career or social skills. Therewith, coaching acts only as an additional form of career development for persons engaged in certain professions. The novelty of the study lies in the need to apply coaching methods not only during the period of active career implementation, but also during its interruption. This study is aimed at implementing the program for the development of career competence, the main tasks of which are to independently regulate professional life in a wide range of development vectors. The leading methods are the theoretical method of analysis and empirical methods of questioning and observation, which allow to study the impact of coaching on a person's professional development. The study shows that career development opportunities should be based on the psychological readiness of a person and, if necessary, on the correction of such readiness by means of psychological methods.

The preparation of 2D stacked layers combining flakes of different nature gives rise to countless numbers of heterostructures where new band alignments, defined at the interfaces, control the electronic properties of the system. Among the large family of 2D/2D heterostructures, the one formed by the combination of the most common semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides, WS2 /MoS2 , has awakened great interest owing to its photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical properties. Solution as well as dry physical methods have been developed to optimize the synthesis of these heterostructures. Here, a suspension of negatively charged MoS2 flakes is mixed with a methanolic solution of a cationic W3 S4 -core cluster, giving rise to a homogeneous distribution of the clusters over the layers. In a second step, a calcination of this molecular/2D heterostructure under N2 leads to the formation of clean WS2 /MoS2 heterostructures, where the photoluminescence of both counterparts is quenched, proving an efficient interlayer coupling. Thus, this chemical method combines the advantages of a solution approach (simple, scalable, and low-cost) with the good quality interfaces reached by using more complicated traditional physical methods.

A new strategic direction for greening our cities and making them smart to reduce the environmental impact of their performance, increase employment and economic viability, and to enhance the quality of life requires a thorough assessment of sustainability and smart urban performance. This paper considers a database of over 90 global cities including London, New York, Hong Kong, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Sao Paolo, Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires, Paris, Berlin, Stockholm, Moscow, Beijing, Seoul, Singapore, Shanghai, Sydney and Tokyo exploring linkages between different sustainability and smart city dimensions. To assess urban sustainability performance, this study applied a multi‐criteria approach using a panel of 20 indicators to a set of 57 global cities. The assessment comprised important aspects of energy transitions, focusing on the drivers of CO2 emissions in cities, including the share of coal in the energy mix, public transport and cycling patterns, waste recycling, the water‐energy nexus, as well as the role of smart and creative economy. The results show that San Francisco leads in economic and environmental priorities, and Stockholm leads in social and smart city priorities. Seoul consistently performs very successfully across the whole spectrum of indicators. We devote considerable attention to the strategies, policies and performance of the leading cities, namely, San Francisco, Stockholm and Seoul. This assessment could be a valuable tool for policy‐makers and investors, and could help identify linkages between different sustainability dimensions, as well as investment opportunities in cities with sustainability potential.

Organic carbon derived from permafrost can provide a substrate for greenhouse gas production where the buried carbon pool thaws and mobilizes into biogeochemical cycles. Much attention has focused on the permafrost carbon of the Yedoma region of Siberia due to the wide distribution of organic and ice‐rich deposits. Here, we present a new estimation of carbon storage in the upper 25 m of permafrost in north‐eastern Yakutia based on a novel database of total carbon (TC) content, bulk density and ice content of permafrost, and a new map of Quaternary deposits derived from drilling data. The stratigraphic units contain 0.6–2.1% TC, with the highest concentrations in the Holocene cover layer and Late Pleistocene Yedoma superhorizon. The largest carbon pool is found in the Pliocene/Middle Pleistocene Olyor superhorizon. The TC pool of Yedoma is estimated to be 1.5–2 times less than that calculated previously. The TC pool of the study area is 31.2 ± 15.2 Pg C spread across 88 000 km2, with a mean specific carbon content of approximately 14.3 kg C m−3. Carbon storage is estimated excluding the ice‐wedge volume and, due to the limited data for Yedoma and Alas deposits, we present a maximal assessment of the carbon pool for the Yedoma region. Refinement of the size of the Yedoma TC pool is critical for quantifying the scale of permafrost feedback to the carbon cycle. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The (1)H NMR spectra of semiquinalate cobalt complex have been analyzed in a wide range of temperatures. It has been established that the intramolecular exchange requires the obligatory presence of a paramagnetic structure containing non-compensated electron spin localized on the carbon atom of the ligand aromatic ring, the cobalt atom being trivalent. The presence of such a structure leads to the appearance of satellite signals in the NMR spectra because of the superfine interactions.

Using the constant electron scattering time approximation, the appearance of a temperature gradient (Δ y T) in a superlattice (SL) with current j z placed in a magnetic field H x = H and high electric field E x (the electric-field-induced Ettingshausen effect), is studied (OX is the SL axis). The effect includes the Stark-cyclotron resonance leading to a non-monotonous (and sign-changing) dependence of the Ettingshausen effect on magnetic H and electric E x fields. The possibility of increasing the (transverse) thermoelectric effectivity at the expense of the field E x is taken into consideration.

A novel method for monitoring the cell culture process has been developed. The method is based on the measurements of electro-optical characteristics of cell suspension, calculation of cell structure parameters, and the relationship between accumulation of proteins and change of these parameters' employment. Application of the method for the monitoring of a culture process of a recombinant strain is considered. The process of growth of recombinant strains cannot be sufficiently predicted and the direct measurement of cell culture parameters is unlikely to be the most efficient way of solving the problem.Escherichia coli plasmid-free and recombinant strains synthesizing the fusion protein consisting of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) and thymosin-alpha(1) (T) were studied. It was found that cytoplasmic electroconductivity of the strains investigated increased during the culture process. The accumulation of insoluble recombinant pThy-315-encoded hybrid protein TNF(SINGLEBOND)T in cells resulted in a decrease of the membrane dielectric permeability. To determine variations of membrane dielectric permeability the amount of insoluble recombinant protein TNF(SINGLEBOND)T in the bacterial cells should be calculated.

The results of calculation of current in a lateral superlattice by electron scattering on the optical phonons are presented. It is shown that under the action of a high applied electric field (E x ) directed along one of the crystal symmetry axes the spontaneous appearance of a transverse electric field (E y ) is possible. The field E y as a function of temperature proves to show the features of spontaneous polarization in ferroelectrics. The Curie temperature is defined by the value of E x .

The current in a lateral superlattice in arbitrary (but nonquantizing) electric field is calculated. It is shown that the sample being open-circuited in transverse (with respect to current) direction the second-order nonequilibrium phase transition consisting in the spontaneous appearance of a trans verse electric field is possible. Periodical δ-doping of such superlattices makes also possible first-order phase transitions. The character of phase transitions depends on the ratio of conductivities of two autonomous groups of carriers (in the conductivity band and in the additional one stipulated by the periodical δ-doping).

Calcul des composantes anisotropes du photocourant daus un superreseau a une dimension sous lumiere polarisee provoquant des transitions des electrons, des centres d'impurete vers la bande de conduction

Parametric interaction is considered of plasma oscillations in two-dimensional electron gases (2DEG) placed in two parallel planes in the presence of an intense electromagnetic field (EMF). The spectrum of coupled plasmons is calculated for the case when the EMF frequency is high compared with the frequencies of 2D plasmons in isolated 2DEG's. The frequency of the coupled plasmons is found to be an oscillating function of the EMF amplitude. The case of parametric resonance is considered, and the parametric excitation gain is calculated. [Russian Text Ignored].

The mobility of polarons interacting with zero acoustic vibrations of the lattice in high electric fields is evaluated. The polaron is described by the Feynmann-Kadanoff model. The distribution function of such carriers is obtained as a solution of the Boltzmann equation, which is found to be never normalized. The effect of the escape of polarons in high electric fields leads, in principle, to the appearance of regions with negative differential conductivity in the voltage–current curve. [Russian Text Ignored]

Calculations are given of the conductivity tensor σij for semiconductor structures with one-dimensional superlattice taking into account the interaction of electrons of one minizone with acoustic vibrations and impurities. Kubo-Mannary method is used, which allows to leave the limits of the Boltzmann kinetic equation. The dependence of σij on the SL parameters is obtained. [Russian Text Ignored].

In low-ohmic n-type ZnSe crystals with the room temperature specific resistance of (3 to 5) Ω cm and electron concentration from 3 × 1015 to 2 × 1016 cm−3 Hall-effect, electrical conductivity, and charge carrier mobility is investigated in the temperature interval from 10 to 300 K. The basic parameters of the samples are determined. It is found from the experimental data that the mobility is higher than the theoretical value in the investigated temperature range. It is argued that in the region of ionized impurity scattering this descrepancy between theory and experiment is due to the inadequacy of known scattering based on the Born approximation, as for ZnSe this approximation is valid at T > 140 K, where the phonon scattering is predominant. To square the theory with the experiment in the phonon scattering region a polaron effect is taken into account, which manifests itself in renormalization of the carrier effective mass as well as in alteration of the mobility temperature dependence due to the effect of screening of the interaction with polar vibrations. The theoretical consideration of this question is given which allows to bring the theory and the experiment to a satisfactory correspondence. [Russian Text Ignored]