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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising source of multipotent cells for various cell-based therapies due to their unique properties, and formation of 3D MSC aggregates has been explored as a potential strategy to enhance therapeutic efficacy. In this study, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles modified with human E-cadherin fusion protein (hE-cad-PLGA microparticles) have been fabricated and integrated with human MSCs to form 3D cell aggregates. The results show that, compared with the plain PLGA, the hE-cad-PLGA microparticles distribute within the aggregates more evenly and further result in a more significant improvement of cellular proliferation and secretion of a series of bioactive factors due to the synergistic effects from the bioactive E-cadherin fragments and the PLGA microparticles. Meanwhile, the hE-cad-PLGA microparticles incorporated in the aggregates upregulate the phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptors and activate the AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways in the MSCs. Additionally, the E-cadherin/β-catenin cellular membrane complex in the MSCs is markedly stimulated by the hE-cad-PLGA microparticles. Therefore, engineering 3D cell aggregates with hE-cad-PLGA microparticles can be a promising method for ex vivo multipotent stem-cell expansion with enhanced biological functions and may offer a novel route to expand multipotent stem-cell-based clinical applications.

Subpixel rendering (SPR) technology is a method for improving visual resolution includes sub-pixel arrangement and rendering algorithm. In this paper, we present a novel rendering algorithm to improve image sharpness. The algorithm dynamically references the adjacent image data including saturation (S) and luminance (V). Then the sequence for rendering the image data is calculated by S, V and pre-determined weighting factors P. Meanwhile, the weighting factors for most sub-pixel arrangements are optimized by minimizing the root mean square error (RMSE) from the original image data. The algorithm is finally exemplified on a 8" 424 ppi LCD display. It shows that the proposed method reduces both the color fringing artifact and blurring in sub-pixelrendered images and keeps the same resolution perception in comparison with conventional RGB stripe.

Objective and subjective indicators and methods for comparing the effects of three-dimensional display technologies on viewer discomfort, fatigue, and satisfaction based on human factors were proposed. Based on 7 indicators (including VA, diopter, pupil size, IOP, HFC, CSV and CFF) and the ergonomic evaluation, the conclusion that PR and deadzone-free AS displays are better than SG displays could be drawn. In the meantime, a relationship between the visual discomfort/fatigue indicators and causes of physiological feedbacks was inferred from analyzing the experimental data and consulting with the ophthalmologist.

In this paper, we propose a novel analytical method for moire phenomenon in autostereoscopic displays. First, the simulation model of 3D moire pattern has been developed. Secondly, compute the CSF (Contrast Sensitivity Function) for each spatial frequency of simulated moire. Finally, applying the threshold of human visual response to the analyzed results, the visibility of the moire pattern is able to be predicted in advance. With the proposed algorithm, it is more accurate and effective to design moire-free 3D display.

Generating OD look-up table (LUT) of LCD is a cumbersome and time-consuming process. We employ subjective experiment to obtaining optimum OD gray level. Based on the experiment results, a novel algorithm is proposed for generating optimum OD LUT. Combined with measurement system, OD LUT can be generated automatically and effectively.