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1. Environmental adaptations by the intertidal Antarctic cyanobacterium Halotia branconii CENA392 as revealed using long‐read genome sequencing

Author

Rafael B. Dextro, Endrews Delbaje, Paloma N. N. Freitas, Vanessa Geraldes, Ernani Pinto, Paul F. Long, and Marli F. Fiore

Subjects
Oceanography, GC1-1581
Abstract

Abstract Antarctica poses numerous challenges to life such as cold shock, low nutrient concentrations, and periodic desiccation over a wide range of extreme temperatures. Cyanobacteria survive this harsh environment having evolved adaptive metabolic plasticity to become the dominant primary producers. The type strain cyanobacterium Halotia branconii CENA392 was isolated from an Antarctic intertidal seashore. The complete circular genome of this strain is presented herein, which was assembled using long‐sequence reads. The genome encoded some stress‐related genes associated with low‐temperature adaptation and biosynthesis of mycosporine‐like amino acid (MAA) photoprotective compounds. Empirical experimentation demonstrated constitutive production of the MAA porphyra‐334 and total carotenoids without exposure to low temperatures or ultraviolet radiation stress. Phylogenetic analysis provided insights on taxonomic placement and evolutionary history of some annotated genes. These data exemplify the importance of generating complete quality genome sequences of microorganisms isolated from extreme intertidal environments, facilitating in‐depth evaluation of ecological and taxonomic inferences.

Published
2023
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2. Ecosystem restoration job creation potential in Brazil

Author

Pedro H. S. Brancalion, Ludmila Pugliese deSiqueira, Nino T. Amazonas, Mayte B. Rizek, Alex F. Mendes, Edson L. Santiami, Ricardo Ribeiro Rodrigues, Miguel Calmon, Rubens Benini, Julio R. C. Tymus, Karen D. Holl, and Rafael B. Chaves

Subjects
ecological restoration, forest restoration, green economy, green jobs, large‐scale restoration, restoration economy, Human ecology. Anthropogeography, GF1-900, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Abstract The central motivation to restore ecosystems at a planetary scale has been to reverse degradation and provide multiple environmental benefits, but key global players like governments may be more interested in social outcomes from undertaking restoration, such as job creation. Assessing the job opportunities stemming from ongoing restoration programmes can leverage additional investments for their implementation and support their long‐term maintenance. Here, we aimed to understand and quantify current and potential ecosystem restoration jobs in Brazil, based on a widely distributed online survey performed in 2020 and led by the main restoration networks in the country. We explored the structure, job distribution and outputs of the national restoration supply chain. At the beginning of 2020, 4713 temporary and 3510 permanent jobs were created, nearly 60% of which were generated by organizations specialized in restoration, mainly from the non‐profit (48%) and private (37%) sectors. Restoration jobs were concentrated in organizations working in one (58%) or two (28%) biomes, and the vast majority were in the Atlantic Forest (85%). Similarly, most restoration jobs were concentrated in the southeast region (61%), with one‐third in the state of São Paulo. This geographical distribution was more strongly associated with the states' GDP than with the legal deficit of native vegetation area. Nearly 20% of the restoration jobs were terminated during the COVID‐19 pandemic in 2020. We estimate that restoration activities can generate 0.42 jobs per hectare undergoing restoration, which could potentially create 1.0–2.5 million direct jobs through the implementation of Brazil's target of restoring 12 million hectares. We conclude by reinforcing the value of ecosystem restoration in promoting economic development and job creation, which can be crucial to promote countries' effective engagement in the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration. We also highlight the critical role of grassroots organizations to maximize restoration opportunities for socioeconomic development during the post‐pandemic economic recovery. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

Published
2022
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3. Reading tea leaves worldwide: Decoupled drivers of initial litter decomposition mass‐loss rate and stabilization

Author

Sarneel, Judith M., primary, Hefting, Mariet M., additional, Sandén, Taru, additional, van den Hoogen, Johan, additional, Routh, Devin, additional, Adhikari, Bhupendra S., additional, Alatalo, Juha M., additional, Aleksanyan, Alla, additional, Althuizen, Inge H. J., additional, Alsafran, Mohammed H. S. A., additional, Atkins, Jeff W., additional, Augusto, Laurent, additional, Aurela, Mika, additional, Azarov, Aleksej V., additional, Barrio, Isabel C., additional, Beier, Claus, additional, Bejarano, María D., additional, Benham, Sue E., additional, Berg, Björn, additional, Bezler, Nadezhda V., additional, Björnsdóttir, Katrín, additional, Bolinder, Martin A., additional, Carbognani, Michele, additional, Cazzolla Gatti, Roberto, additional, Chelli, Stefano, additional, Chistotin, Maxim V., additional, Christiansen, Casper T., additional, Courtois, Pascal, additional, Crowther, Thomas W., additional, Dechoum, Michele S., additional, Djukic, Ika, additional, Duddigan, Sarah, additional, Egerton‐Warburton, Louise M., additional, Fanin, Nicolas, additional, Fantappiè, Maria, additional, Fares, Silvano, additional, Fernandes, Geraldo W., additional, Filippova, Nina V., additional, Fliessbach, Andreas, additional, Fuentes, David, additional, Godoy, Roberto, additional, Grünwald, Thomas, additional, Guzmán, Gema, additional, Hawes, Joseph E., additional, He, Yue, additional, Hero, Jean‐Marc, additional, Hess, Laura L., additional, Hogendoorn, Katja, additional, Høye, Toke T., additional, Jans, Wilma W. P., additional, Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S., additional, Keller, Sabina, additional, Kepfer‐Rojas, Sebastian, additional, Kuz'menko, Natalya N., additional, Larsen, Klaus S., additional, Laudon, Hjalmar, additional, Lembrechts, Jonas J., additional, Li, Junhui, additional, Limousin, Jean‐Marc, additional, Lukin, Sergey M., additional, Marques, Renato, additional, Marín, César, additional, McDaniel, Marshall D., additional, Meek, Qi, additional, Merzlaya, Genrietta E., additional, Michelsen, Anders, additional, Montagnani, Leonardo, additional, Mueller, Peter, additional, Murugan, Rajasekaran, additional, Myers‐Smith, Isla H., additional, Nolte, Stefanie, additional, Ochoa‐Hueso, Raúl, additional, Okafor, Bernard N., additional, Okorkov, Vladimir V., additional, Onipchenko, Vladimir G., additional, Orozco, María C., additional, Parkhurst, Tina, additional, Peres, Carlos A., additional, Petit Bon, Matteo, additional, Petraglia, Alessandro, additional, Pingel, Martin, additional, Rebmann, Corinna, additional, Scheffers, Brett R., additional, Schmidt, Inger, additional, Scholes, Mary C., additional, Sheffer, Efrat, additional, Shevtsova, Lyudmila K., additional, Smith, Stuart W., additional, Sofo, Adriano, additional, Stevenson, Pablo R., additional, Strouhalová, Barbora, additional, Sundsdal, Anders, additional, Sühs, Rafael B., additional, Tamene, Gebretsadik, additional, Thomas, Haydn J. D., additional, Tolunay, Duygu, additional, Tomaselli, Marcello, additional, Tresch, Simon, additional, Tucker, Dominique L., additional, Ulyshen, Michael D., additional, Valdecantos, Alejandro, additional, Vandvik, Vigdis, additional, Vanguelova, Elena I., additional, Verheyen, Kris, additional, Wang, Xuhui, additional, Yahdjian, Laura, additional, Yumashev, Xaris S., additional, and Keuskamp, Joost A., additional

Published
2024
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4. Costs and benefits of restoration are still poorly quantified: evidence from a systematic literature review on the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Author

Schimetka, Lorenz R., primary, Ruggiero, Patricia G. C., additional, Carvalho, Raquel L., additional, Behagel, Jelle, additional, Metzger, Jean Paul, additional, Nascimento, Nathália, additional, Chaves, Rafael B., additional, Brancalion, Pedro H. S., additional, Rodrigues, Ricardo R., additional, and Krainovic, Pedro M., additional

Published
2024
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5. Causes and effects of sampling bias on marine Western Atlantic biodiversity knowledge

Author

Cardoso, Micaele Niobe Martins, primary, Azevedo, Fernanda, additional, Dias, Alan, additional, de Almeida, Ana Carolina Sousa, additional, Senna, André R., additional, Marques, Antonio C., additional, Rezende, Dafinny, additional, Hajdu, Eduardo, additional, Lopes‐Filho, Erick Alves Pereira, additional, Pitombo, Fábio Bettini, additional, de Oliveira, Gabriela Moura, additional, Doria, João Gabriel, additional, Carraro, João Luís, additional, De‐Paula, Joel Campos, additional, Bahia, Juliana, additional, de Araujo, Juliana Magalhães, additional, Paresque, Karla, additional, Vieira, Leandro Manzoni, additional, Fernandes, Luanny Martins, additional, Santos, Luciano N., additional, Miranda, Lucília Souza, additional, Lorini, Maria Lucia, additional, Klautau, Michelle, additional, Pagliosa, Paulo Roberto, additional, Clerier, Pedro Henrique Braga, additional, de Moura, Rafael B., additional, da Rocha Fortes, Rafael, additional, Neves, Raquel A. F., additional, da Rocha, Rosana Moreira, additional, Stampar, Sérgio N., additional, Salani, Sula, additional, Miranda, Thaís Pires, additional, Pinheiro, Ulisses, additional, Venekey, Virág, additional, and Oliveira, Ubirajara, additional

Published
2024
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6. Unraveling the plant diversity of the Amazonian canga through DNA barcoding

Author

Santelmo Vasconcelos, Gisele L. Nunes, Mariana C. Dias, Jamily Lorena, Renato R. M. Oliveira, Talvâne G. L. Lima, Eder S. Pires, Rafael B. S. Valadares, Ronnie Alves, Maurício T. C. Watanabe, Daniela C. Zappi, Alice L. Hiura, Mayara Pastore, Liziane V. Vasconcelos, Nara F. O. Mota, Pedro L. Viana, André S. B. Gil, André O. Simões, Vera L. Imperatriz‐Fonseca, Raymond M. Harley, Ana M. Giulietti, and Guilherme Oliveira

Subjects
Amazon basin, Carajás, DNA barcodes, ITS2, rbcL, vascular plants, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Abstract The canga of the Serra dos Carajás, in Eastern Amazon, is home to a unique open plant community, harboring several endemic and rare species. Although a complete flora survey has been recently published, scarce to no genetic information is available for most plant species of the ironstone outcrops of the Serra dos Carajás. In this scenario, DNA barcoding appears as a fast and effective approach to assess the genetic diversity of the Serra dos Carajás flora, considering the growing need for robust biodiversity conservation planning in such an area with industrial mining activities. Thus, after testing eight different DNA barcode markers (matK, rbcL, rpoB, rpoC1, atpF‐atpH, psbK‐psbI, trnH‐psbA, and ITS2), we chose rbcL and ITS2 as the most suitable markers for a broad application in the regional flora. Here we describe DNA barcodes for 1,130 specimens of 538 species, 323 genera, and 115 families of vascular plants from a highly diverse flora in the Amazon basin, with a total of 344 species being barcoded for the first time. In addition, we assessed the potential of using DNA metabarcoding of bulk samples for surveying plant diversity in the canga. Upon achieving the first comprehensive DNA barcoding effort directed to a complete flora in the Brazilian Amazon, we discuss the relevance of our results to guide future conservation measures in the Serra dos Carajás.

Published
2021
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7. Welcome small patches; beware of the risks of changing conservation priorities

Author

Rafael B. Chaves, J. Leighton Reid, Camila Hohlenwerger, Adriane Calaboni, Mariana E. Mendes, Mozart S. P. Baptista, Danilo P. Mori, and Leandro R. Tambosi

Subjects
conservation biology, deregulation, ecosystem restoration, environment, policy, Post‐2020 Biodiversity targets, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Published
2022
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8. Patterns of subregional cerebellar atrophy across epilepsy syndromes: An ENIGMA‐Epilepsy study

Author

Kerestes, Rebecca, primary, Perry, Andrew, additional, Vivash, Lucy, additional, O'Brien, Terence J., additional, Alvim, Marina K. M., additional, Arienzo, Donatello, additional, Aventurato, Ítalo K., additional, Ballerini, Alice, additional, Baltazar, Gabriel F., additional, Bargalló, Núria, additional, Bender, Benjamin, additional, Brioschi, Ricardo, additional, Bürkle, Eva, additional, Caligiuri, Maria Eugenia, additional, Cendes, Fernando, additional, de Tisi, Jane, additional, Duncan, John S., additional, Engel, Jerome P., additional, Foley, Sonya, additional, Fortunato, Francesco, additional, Gambardella, Antonio, additional, Giacomini, Thea, additional, Guerrini, Renzo, additional, Hall, Gerard, additional, Hamandi, Khalid, additional, Ives‐Deliperi, Victoria, additional, João, Rafael B., additional, Keller, Simon S., additional, Kleiser, Benedict, additional, Labate, Angelo, additional, Lenge, Matteo, additional, Marotta, Cassandra, additional, Martin, Pascal, additional, Mascalchi, Mario, additional, Meletti, Stefano, additional, Owens‐Walton, Conor, additional, Parodi, Costanza B., additional, Pascual‐Diaz, Saül, additional, Powell, David, additional, Rao, Jun, additional, Rebsamen, Michael, additional, Reiter, Johannes, additional, Riva, Antonella, additional, Rüber, Theodor, additional, Rummel, Christian, additional, Scheffler, Freda, additional, Severino, Mariasavina, additional, Silva, Lucas S., additional, Staba, Richard J., additional, Stein, Dan J., additional, Striano, Pasquale, additional, Taylor, Peter N., additional, Thomopoulos, Sophia I., additional, Thompson, Paul M., additional, Tortora, Domenico, additional, Vaudano, Anna Elisabetta, additional, Weber, Bernd, additional, Wiest, Roland, additional, Winston, Gavin P., additional, Yasuda, Clarissa L., additional, Zheng, Hong, additional, McDonald, Carrie R., additional, Sisodiya, Sanjay M., additional, and Harding, Ian H., additional

Published
2024
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10. To Close or to Collapse: The Role of Charges on Membrane Stability upon Pore Formation

Author

Rafael B. Lira, Fernanda S. C. Leomil, Renan J. Melo, Karin A. Riske, and Rumiana Dimova

Subjects
calcium, charged lipids, detergent, edge tension, electroporation, giant unilamellar vesicles, Science
Abstract

Abstract Resealing of membrane pores is crucial for cell survival. Membrane surface charge and medium composition are studied as defining regulators of membrane stability. Pores are generated by electric field or detergents. Giant vesicles composed of zwitterionic and negatively charged lipids mixed at varying ratios are subjected to a strong electric pulse. Interestingly, charged vesicles appear prone to catastrophic collapse transforming them into tubular structures. The spectrum of destabilization responses includes the generation of long‐living submicroscopic pores and partial vesicle bursting. The origin of these phenomena is related to the membrane edge tension, which governs pore closure. This edge tension significantly decreases as a function of the fraction of charged lipids. Destabilization of charged vesicles upon pore formation is universal—it is also observed with other poration stimuli. Disruption propensity is enhanced for membranes made of lipids with higher degree of unsaturation. It can be reversed by screening membrane charge in the presence of calcium ions. The observed findings in light of theories of stability and curvature generation are interpreted and mechanisms acting in cells to prevent total membrane collapse upon poration are discussed. Enhanced membrane stability is crucial for the success of electroporation‐based technologies for cancer treatment and gene transfer.

Published
2021
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16. Reasons for satisfaction with the use of the 52‐mg levonorgestrel intrauterine system

Author

Montas Laporte, Charles M. Charles, Sherly Metelus, Rafael B. Souza, Alessandra Peloggia, and Luis Bahamondes

Subjects
Adult, Adolescent, Intrauterine Devices, Medicated, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hemorrhage, Levonorgestrel, Personal Satisfaction, General Medicine, Young Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dysmenorrhea, Contraceptive Agents, Female, Humans, Female
Abstract

To assess the reasons to use, reasons they liked, satisfaction with, and possibilities of recommendation to other women of the levonorgestrel 52-mg intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) by users.A cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil from January to July 2021. We enrolled users who came to the clinic, and we applied a pre-tested structured questionnaire with open-ended questions. We performed descriptive analyses of the variables, assessing the level of satisfaction with, and the reasons regarding the possibility of continuing to use, the IUS.Of the 517 enrolled women, 251 (48%) were aged 35 years or older (mean age 33.9 ± 9.0 years), 276 (53%) were white, 14 (3%) were adolescents, 155 (30%) were nulligravidas, and 307 (59.4%) reported experiencing amenorrhea in the last 90 days. Common reasons why women liked to use the LNG-IUS included both the reduction of menstrual bleeding (419 women; 81%) and dysmenorrhea (290 women; 56.1%). Nine out of 10 users (517 women; 91%) were satisfied with the method, and the majority would recommend it to other women.We found a high satisfaction rate among LNG-IUS users mainly due to the reduction of both menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhea.

Published
2022
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17. Conservation Letters

Author

Rafael B. Chaves, J. Leighton Reid, Camila Hohlenwerger, Adriane Calaboni, Mariana E. Mendes, Mozart S. P. Baptista, Danilo P. Mori, and Leandro R. Tambosi

Subjects
conservation biology, Ecology, deregulation, Post-2020 Biodiversity targets, protected areas, environment, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, SLOSS, Nature and Landscape Conservation, ecosystem restoration, policy
Abstract

Published version

Published
2022

22. Hypolipidemic and Anti‐Obesity Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Brazilian Red Propolis in a Rodent Model of Dyslipidemia

Author

Prata, Marcelle F., primary, de Carvalho, Felipe M. A., additional, Gonçalves‐Júnior, Wilson D., additional, Santos, Tarsizio S., additional, Valois, Rafael B. V., additional, Borges, Amanda F. S., additional, Guimarães, Adriana O., additional, Araújo, Adriano A. S., additional, Pereira‐Filho, Rose N., additional, Santini, Antonello, additional, Cardoso, Juliana C., additional, Severino, Patricia, additional, Padilha, Francine F., additional, Souto, Eliana B., additional, and de Albuquerque‐Júnior, Ricardo L. C., additional

Published
2022
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23. Hydrogen Evolution Linked to Selective Oxidation of Glycerol over CoMoO4-A Theoretically Predicted Catalyst

Author

Yu, Xiaowen, Araujo, Rafael B., Qiu, Zhen, dos Santos, Egon Campos, Anil, Athira, Cornell, Ann, Pettersson, Lars G. M., Johnsson, Mats, Yu, Xiaowen, Araujo, Rafael B., Qiu, Zhen, dos Santos, Egon Campos, Anil, Athira, Cornell, Ann, Pettersson, Lars G. M., and Johnsson, Mats

Abstract

Electrochemical valorization of biomass waste (e.g., glycerol) for production of value-added products (such as formic acid) in parallel with hydrogen production holds great potential for developing renewable and clean energy sources. Here, a synergistic effort between theoretical calculations at the atomic level and experiments to predict and validate a promising oxide catalyst for the glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR) are reported, providing a good example of designing novel, cost-effective, and highly efficient electrocatalysts for producing value-added products at the anode and high-purity hydrogen at the cathode. The predicted CoMoO4 catalyst is experimentally validated as a suitable catalyst for GOR and found to perform best among the investigated metal (Mn, Co, Ni) molybdate counterparts. The potential required to reach 10 mA cm(-2) is 1.105 V at 60 degrees C in an electrolyte of 1.0 m KOH with 0.1 m glycerol, which is 314 mV lower than for oxygen evolution. The GOR reaction pathway and mechanism based on this CoMoO4 catalyst are revealed by high-performance liquid chromatography and in situ Raman analysis. The coupled quantitative analysis indicates that the CoMoO4 catalyst is highly active toward C-C cleavage, thus presenting a high selectivity (92%) and Faradaic efficiency (90%) for formate production.

Published
2022
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24. Welcome small patches; beware of the risks of changing conservation priorities

Author

Chaves, Rafael B., Reid, J. Leighton, Hohlenwerger, Camila, Calaboni, Adriane, Mendes, Mariana E., Baptista, Mozart S. P., Mori, Danilo P., Tambosi, Leandro R., Chaves, Rafael B., Reid, J. Leighton, Hohlenwerger, Camila, Calaboni, Adriane, Mendes, Mariana E., Baptista, Mozart S. P., Mori, Danilo P., and Tambosi, Leandro R.

Published
2022

25. Ecosystem restoration job creation potential in Brazil

Author

Brancalion, Pedro H. S., primary, de Siqueira, Ludmila Pugliese, additional, Amazonas, Nino T., additional, Rizek, Mayte B., additional, Mendes, Alex F., additional, Santiami, Edson L., additional, Rodrigues, Ricardo Ribeiro, additional, Calmon, Miguel, additional, Benini, Rubens, additional, Tymus, Julio R. C., additional, Holl, Karen D., additional, and Chaves, Rafael B., additional

Published
2022
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27. Atomically Precise Delineation of As Antisite Defect States from Undoped Gallium Arsenide Host Lattice by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy Measurements and Density Functional Theory Calculations

Author

Balgos, Maria Herminia M., primary, Escaño, Mary Clare S., additional, Jaculbia, Rafael B., additional, Quang Nguyen, Tien, additional, Prieto, Elizabeth Ann P., additional, Estacio, Elmer S., additional, Salvador, Arnel A., additional, Somintac, Armando S., additional, Tani, Masahiko, additional, Hayazawa, Norihiko, additional, and Kim, Yousoo, additional

Published
2022
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32. Compartments for Synthetic Cells: Osmotically Assisted Separation of Oil from Double Emulsions in a Microfluidic Chip

Author

Rumiana Dimova, Kai Sundmacher, Ivan Ivanov, Dorothee Krafft, Sebastián López Castellanos, and Rafael B. Lira

Subjects
liposomes, Materials science, Lipid Bilayers, Microfluidics, Dispersity, double emulsions, Residual oil, Biochemistry, Continuous production, chemistry.chemical_compound, Molecular Biology, Phospholipids, vesicles, Liposome, Communication, Vesicle, Organic Chemistry, Communications, Oleic acid, Membrane, Chemical engineering, chemistry, Molecular Medicine, Artificial Cells, Emulsions, Synthetic Biology
Abstract

Liposomes are used in synthetic biology as cell‐like compartments and their microfluidic production through double emulsions allows for efficient encapsulation of various components. However, residual oil in the membrane remains a critical bottleneck for creating pristine phospholipid bilayers. It has been discovered that osmotically driven shrinking leads to detachment of the oil drop. Separation inside a microfluidic chip has been realized to automate the procedure, which allows for controlled continuous production of monodisperse liposomes., Shrinking away turns useful: Polydimethylsiloxane‐based droplet microfluidics are used for the high‐throughput formation of double emulsions. Afterwards, the oleic acid phase can be removed through control of osmotic gradients. The method provides a technological platform for the production of monodisperse vesicles for bottom‐up synthetic biology applications.

Published
2019
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33. Hypolipidemic and Anti‐Obesity Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Brazilian Red Propolis in a Rodent Model of Dyslipidemia

Author

Marcelle F. Prata, Felipe M. A. de Carvalho, Wilson D. Gonçalves‐Júnior, Tarsizio S. Santos, Rafael B. V. Valois, Amanda F. S. Borges, Adriana O. Guimarães, Adriano A. S. Araújo, Rose N. Pereira‐Filho, Antonello Santini, Juliana C. Cardoso, Patricia Severino, Francine F. Padilha, Eliana B. Souto, and Ricardo L. C. de Albuquerque‐Júnior

Subjects
General Chemistry, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Food Science, Biotechnology
Published
2022
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34. Unraveling the plant diversity of the Amazonian canga through DNA barcoding

Author

Vasconcelos, Santelmo, primary, Nunes, Gisele L., additional, Dias, Mariana C., additional, Lorena, Jamily, additional, Oliveira, Renato R. M., additional, Lima, Talvâne G. L., additional, Pires, Eder S., additional, Valadares, Rafael B. S., additional, Alves, Ronnie, additional, Watanabe, Maurício T. C., additional, Zappi, Daniela C., additional, Hiura, Alice L., additional, Pastore, Mayara, additional, Vasconcelos, Liziane V., additional, Mota, Nara F. O., additional, Viana, Pedro L., additional, Gil, André S. B., additional, Simões, André O., additional, Imperatriz‐Fonseca, Vera L., additional, Harley, Raymond M., additional, Giulietti, Ana M., additional, and Oliveira, Guilherme, additional

Published
2021
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36. Atomically Precise Delineation of As Antisite Defect States from Undoped Gallium Arsenide Host Lattice by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy Measurements and Density Functional Theory Calculations

Author

Maria Herminia M. Balgos, Mary Clare S. Escaño, Rafael B. Jaculbia, Tien Quang Nguyen, Elizabeth Ann P. Prieto, Elmer S. Estacio, Arnel A. Salvador, Armando S. Somintac, Masahiko Tani, Norihiko Hayazawa, and Yousoo Kim

Subjects
Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Published
2022
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37. Integrin α IIb β 3 Activation and Clustering in Minimal Synthetic Cells

Author

Lucia T. Benk, Amelie S. Benk, Rafael B. Lira, Elisabetta Ada Cavalcanti-Adam, Rumiana Dimova, Reinhard Lipowsky, Benjamin Geiger, and Joachim P. Spatz

Subjects
General Earth and Planetary Sciences, General Environmental Science
Abstract

Platelet adhesion and activation are mediated by integrin αIIbβ3 clustering, which is crucial for the hemostatic function of platelets. In an activated state, integrins provide the connection between the extracellular matrix and the actin cytoskeleton through a variety of cytoplasmic proteins, such as talin. Here, droplet-based microfluidics is applied to generate cell-sized giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) with a defined molecular composition to quantify the adhesion of integrin αIIbβ3-containing protocells in relation to the number of integrin–talin head domain (THD) complexes. Furthermore, it is shown that THD induces integrin clustering in protocells adhering to fibrinogen. The formation of this molecular link, which has, so far, only been observed in vivo, is an essential step in synthetic cell design to recapitulate integrin-mediated bidirectional signaling across the membrane. These results pave the way for further quantitative investigations of protein–protein interactions between integrins and associated proteins and their assembly within such defined, but complex, synthetic cells. An essential future step to mimic the complex interaction between cells and their environment will be to combine synthetic approaches with peptide chemistry to guide the molecular mechanisms involved in integrin binding and activation.

Published
2022
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38. Processed kaolin affects the probing and settling behavior ofDiaphorina citri(Hemiptera: Lividae)

Author

Rafael B Garcia, Odimar Zanuzo Zanardi, Arthur Fernando Tomaseto, Haroldo Xl Volpe, Marcelo Pedreira de Miranda, and Ernesto Prado

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, biology, Host (biology), Diaphorina citri, fungi, food and beverages, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Hemiptera, 010602 entomology, Horticulture, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Insect Science, Electrical penetration graph, Shoot, PEST analysis, Phloem, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Background Alternative methods that have the potential to reduce the entry of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), the major citrus pest worldwide, into commercial groves could be a viable approach for huanglongbing management. Kaolin is an aluminum silicate that when sprayed on plants forms a white particle film that interferes with host recognition by the insects. Diaphorina citri orients towards the host plants by visual and olfactory cues. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of processed kaolin on D. citri settling (no-choice) and probing behavior [electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique] under laboratory conditions, and to study its host plant finding ability and dispersal under field conditions in the absence and presence of young shoots. Results Under laboratory conditions, kaolin caused an overall reduction of 40% in the number of psyllids settled on treated seedlings; furthermore, the proportion of individuals that were able to reach the phloem was 50% lower on kaolin-treated plants than on untreated plants. In the field, the plant finding ability of D. citri was disrupted on kaolin-treated trees (overall reduction of 96%), regardless of the vegetative condition, and psyllid dispersal was slower in kaolin-treated plots than in the untreated control. Conclusion This study clearly demonstrates that processed kaolin interferes negatively with different aspects of the host plant finding ability of D. citri. These findings suggest that processed kaolin has a high potential to reduce huanglongbing primary infection. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.

Published
2018
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49. Noncovalent Interactions of π Systems with Sulfur: The Atomic Chameleon of Molecular Recognition

Author

Abil E. Aliev, William B. Motherwell, Simon J. Coles, Ilias Pavlakos, Tanzeel Arif, Graham J. Tizzard, Josephine R. T. Arendorf, and Rafael B. Moreno

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, 010405 organic chemistry, Alkene, chemistry.chemical_element, General Medicine, General Chemistry, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Sulfur, Catalysis, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Crystallography, Molecular recognition, Thioether, chemistry, Non-covalent interactions, Pi interaction, Lone pair
Abstract

The relative strength of noncovalent interactions between a thioether sulfur atom and various π systems in designed top pan molecular balances was determined by NMR spectroscopy. Compared to its oxygen counterpart, the sulfur atom displays a remarkable ability to interact with almost equal facility over the entire range of π systems studied, with the simple alkene emerging as the most powerful partner. With the exception of the O⋅⋅⋅heteroarene interaction, all noncovalent interactions of sulfur with π systems are favoured over oxygen.

Published
2017
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50. Microsatellite Loci for Orthophytum ophiuroides (Bromelioideae, Bromeliaceae) Species Adapted to Neotropical Rock Outcrops

Author

Felipe Aoki-Gonçalves, Rafael B. Louzada, Lívia Moura De Souza, and Clarisse Palma-Silva

Subjects
Bromeliaceae, cross-amplification, gene flow, genetic diversity, Orthophytum ophiuroides, population genetics, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract

Premise of the study: Microsatellite primers were developed for Orthophytum ophiuroides, a rupicolous bromeliad species endemic to neotropical rocky fields. These microsatellite loci will be used to investigate population differentiation and species cohesion in such fragmented environments. The loci were tested for cross-amplification in related bromeliad species. Methods and Results: Eleven polymorphic microsatellite markers were isolated and characterized from an enriched library of O. ophiuroides. The loci were tested on 42 individuals from two populations of this species. The number of alleles per locus ranged from three to nine and the expected and observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.167 to 0.870 and from 0.369 to 0.958, respectively. Seven loci successfully amplified in other related bromeliad species. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the microsatellite loci developed here will be useful to assess genetic diversity and gene flow in O. ophiuroides for the investigation of population differentiation and species cohesion in neotropical mountainous habitats.

Published
2014
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