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Bronchoscopy should be actively performed to differentiate pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with lesions in the middle lobe, which are unaccompanied by bronchiectasis or present without obvious lesions in other lobes.

Advanced fetal sonographic equipment has contributed to the increase in prenatal diagnosis of congenital thoracic malformations. Among these anomalies is congenital lobar emphysema (CLE), a rare congenital anomaly characterized by over distention and overexpansion of the involved fetal pulmonary lobe. Several studies addressed the prenatal diagnosis of CLE in mid second or early third trimester. The early prenatal diagnosis and the outcome of a case of CLE are reported in this study.

Case histories are described of two young patients, both known to have recurrent infections of one pulmonary lobe. Further investigations (especially aortography) disclosed the cause in both to be an intrapulmonary sequestration. Surgical intervention made both patients symptom-free. The aetiology, clinical and investigational findings as well as therapy are discussed. The need for further investigations in patients with recurring infections of one pulmonary lobe is stressed.

Bronchopulmonary sequestration is an uncommon pulmonary disorder characterized by an area of non-functioning abnormal lung tissue, which receives its blood supply from a systemic artery and characteristically has no connection with the tracheobronchial tree. The abnormal lung tissue is located within the visceral pleura of a pulmonary lobe in the intralobar variety, whereas the extralobar form has its own visceral pleura. The venous drainage of the extralobar type is usually into the systemic veins, whereas the intralobar type drains into the pulmonary veins. Radiological imaging plays a vital role in establishing the diagnosis, and even more importantly, in providing to the clinician a vascular roadmap essential for surgical planning. We present here a review of bronchopulmonary sequestration and also discuss the role of various imaging methods in the early diagnosis and management of these cases.

The macroscopic aspect of brain purpura was mimicked by multiple hemorrhagic infarcts arising in the vascular supply region of small arteries occluded by embolized mucin in a case of scar adenocarcinoma of the right lower pulmonary lobe, which had extensively permeated pulmonary blood vessels. The pathophysiology is discussed along with its clinical implications.

A case of primary malignant melanoma of the lung in a 42-year-old white female is presented. A 6 cm localized mass in the left lower pulmonary lobe was discovered on a thoracic spine X-ray done for unrelated chronic back pain. The patient underwent left lower lobectomy for cure. Multiple detailed physical examinations did not disclose any primary lesions. Other cases from the English literature are reviewed briefly.