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Your search keyword '"Philipp, Albrecht"' showing total 6 results
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6 results on '"Philipp, Albrecht"'

1. Artificial intelligence extension of the OSCAR‐IB criteria

Author

Axel Petzold, Philipp Albrecht, Laura Balcer, Erik Bekkers, Alexander U. Brandt, Peter A. Calabresi, Orla Galvin Deborah, Jennifer S. Graves, Ari Green, Pearse A Keane, Jenny A. Nij Bijvank, Josemir W. Sander, Friedemann Paul, Shiv Saidha, Pablo Villoslada, Siegfried K Wagner, E. Ann Yeh, and the IMSVISUAL, ERN‐EYE Consortium

Subjects
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI)‐based diagnostic algorithms have achieved ambitious aims through automated image pattern recognition. For neurological disorders, this includes neurodegeneration and inflammation. Scalable imaging technology for big data in neurology is optical coherence tomography (OCT). We highlight that OCT changes observed in the retina, as a window to the brain, are small, requiring rigorous quality control pipelines. There are existing tools for this purpose. Firstly, there are human‐led validated consensus quality control criteria (OSCAR‐IB) for OCT. Secondly, these criteria are embedded into OCT reporting guidelines (APOSTEL). The use of the described annotation of failed OCT scans advances machine learning. This is illustrated through the present review of the advantages and disadvantages of AI‐based applications to OCT data. The neurological conditions reviewed here for the use of big data include Alzheimer disease, stroke, multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson disease, and epilepsy. It is noted that while big data is relevant for AI, ownership is complex. For this reason, we also reached out to involve representatives from patient organizations and the public domain in addition to clinical and research centers. The evidence reviewed can be grouped in a five‐point expansion of the OSCAR‐IB criteria to embrace AI (OSCAR‐AI). The review concludes by specific recommendations on how this can be achieved practically and in compliance with existing guidelines.

Published
2021
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2. Omalizumab prevents anaphylactoid reactions to mRNA COVID‐19 vaccine

Author

S Meller, Bernhard Homey, Lisa Müller, A Smola, Ortwin Adams, S Samadzadeh, and Philipp Albrecht

Subjects
Messenger RNA, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, COVID-19 Vaccines, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), COVID-19, Omalizumab, Dermatology, medicine.disease, Virology, Infectious Diseases, Humans, Medicine, RNA, Messenger, Anaphylactoid reactions, Letters to the Editor, business, Anaphylaxis, Letter to the Editor, medicine.drug
Published
2021

3. Infectious risk stratification in multiple sclerosis patients receiving immunotherapy

Author

Luisa Klotz, Philipp Albrecht, Sven G. Meuth, Hans-Peter Hartung, Heinz Wiendl, Jonas Graf, Norbert Goebels, Thomas Dehmel, Anna Lammerskitten, Torsten Feldt, Marius Ringelstein, Colin R. MacKenzie, Verena I. Leussink, Ortwin Adams, Clemens Warnke, and Orhan Aktas

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Latent tuberculosis, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Multiple sclerosis, medicine.medical_treatment, Immunotherapy, Brief Communication, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders, Internal medicine, Chart review, Cohort, Immunology, medicine, Infectious risk, 030212 general & internal medicine, Neurology (clinical), Brief Communications, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

The increasing number of potent treatments for multiple sclerosis warrants screening for infections. To investigate the prevalence of infections in two independent German patient cohorts with multiple sclerosis/neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), we performed a retrospective chart review study of multiple sclerosis/NMOSD patients who underwent testing for infections between 2014 and 2016. We show that 6 out of 80 tested patients (Düsseldorf cohort) and 2 out of 97 tested patients (Münster cohort) had a latent tuberculosis infection; total 3.95%, 95% CI: 2–8%. Our findings suggest that latent tuberculosis infection is frequent (>1%). Screening should be performed before embarking on immunomodulatory therapies to allow treatment and mitigation of the risk of a reactivation.

Published
2017

4. Alterations of the outer retina in non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy detected using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography

Author

David Finis, Rainer Guthoff, Philipp Ackermann, Marius Ringelstein, Philipp Albrecht, Orhan Aktas, Gerd Geerling, and Maike Brachert

Subjects
Retina, genetic structures, business.industry, Outer plexiform layer, Retinal, Anatomy, Inner plexiform layer, eye diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Ophthalmology, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Inner nuclear layer, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, Medicine, sense organs, business, Outer nuclear layer, Ganglion cell layer, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Optic disc
Abstract

Background A characteristic disease pattern may be reflected by retinal layer thickness changes in non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy measured using spectraldomain optical coherence tomography. Retinal layer segmentation is enabled by advanced software. In this study, retinal layer thicknesses in acute and chronic non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy were compared. Design A single-centre cross-sectional analysis was used. Participants A total of 27 patients (20 age-matched healthy eyes) were included: 14 with acute (

Published
2017

5. Induction of Nrf2 and xCT are involved in the action of the neuroprotective antibiotic ceftriaxonein vitro

Author

Axel Methner, Martina Wiedau-Pazos, Nadine Henke, Pamela Maher, Dave Schubert, Saravanan Karumbayaram, Mai-Ly Tran Tien, Philipp Albrecht, Harley I. Kornblum, and Jan Lewerenz

Subjects
Amino Acid Transport System y+, Amino Acid Transport Systems, Acidic, NF-E2-Related Factor 2, Excitotoxicity, Glutamic Acid, In Vitro Techniques, Pharmacology, medicine.disease_cause, Hippocampus, Biochemistry, Neuroprotection, Cell Line, Superoxide dismutase, Mice, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, chemistry.chemical_compound, Superoxide Dismutase-1, medicine, Animals, Humans, Mice, Knockout, Motor Neurons, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Superoxide Dismutase, Stem Cells, Ceftriaxone, Glutamate receptor, Glutathione, Fibroblasts, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Rats, Amino acid, Oxidative Stress, Neuroprotective Agents, medicine.anatomical_structure, Spinal Cord, chemistry, Astrocytes, biology.protein, System X, Astrocyte
Abstract

In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, down-regulation of the astrocyte-specific glutamate excitatory amino acid transporter 2 is hypothesized to increase extracellular glutamate, thereby leading to excitotoxic motor neuron death. The antibiotic ceftriaxone was recently reported to induce excitatory amino acid transporter 2 and to prolong the survival of mutant superoxide dismutase 1 transgenic mice. Here we show that ceftriaxone also protects fibroblasts and the hippocampal cell line HT22, which are not sensitive to excitotoxicity, against oxidative glutamate toxicity, where extracellular glutamate blocks cystine import via the glutamate/cystine-antiporter system x(c)(-). Lack of intracellular cystine leads to glutathione depletion and cell death because of oxidative stress. Ceftriaxone increased system x(c)(-) and glutathione levels independently of its effect on excitatory amino acid transporters by induction of the transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2), a known inducer of system x(c)(-), and the specific x(c)(-) subunit xCT. No significant effect was apparent in fibroblasts deficient in Nrf2 or xCT. Similar ceftriaxone-stimulated changes in Nrf2, system x(c)(-), and glutathione were observed in rat cortical and spinal astrocytes. In addition, ceftriaxone induced xCT mRNA expression in stem cell-derived human motor neurons. We conclude that ceftriaxone-mediated neuroprotection might relate more strongly to activation of the antioxidant defense system including Nrf2 and system x(c)(-) than to excitatory amino acid transporter induction.

Published
2009

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