40 results on '"Peter singer"'
Search Results
2. Blackwell Companions to Philosophy
- Author
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Helga Kuhse, Peter Singer, Helga Kuhse, Peter Singer and Helga Kuhse, Peter Singer, Helga Kuhse, Peter Singer
- Published
- 2013
3. In Defense of Animals: The Second Wave
- Author
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Peter Singer, Peter Singer and Peter Singer, Peter Singer
- Published
- 2013
4. A Companion to Ethics
- Author
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Peter Singer, Peter Singer and Peter Singer, Peter Singer
- Published
- 2013
5. Why Speciesism is Wrong: A Response to Kagan
- Author
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Peter Singer
- Subjects
Discounting ,Natural law ,media_common.quotation_subject ,0402 animal and dairy science ,06 humanities and the arts ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Equal consideration of interests ,0603 philosophy, ethics and religion ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Racism ,Epistemology ,Philosophy ,Argument ,060302 philosophy ,Speciesism ,Sociology ,media_common - Abstract
In Animal Liberation I argued that we commonly ignore or discount the interests of sentient members of other species merely because they are not human, and that this bias in favour of members of our own species is, in important respects, parallel to the biases that lie behind racism and sexism. Shelly Kagan, in ‘What's Wrong With Speciesism’ misconstrues this argument, as well as the principle of equal consideration of interests, which I offer as an alternative to speciesism. Kagan also offers, as an alternative explanation of, and possible justification for, our discounting the interests of nonhuman animals, the suggestion that your interests count more if you are a member of a species whose typical adult members are persons. Although this view is not a form of speciesism, Kagan seems not to be aware of the fact that it is a view commonly defended by advocates of natural law ethics, on which there is already an extensive critical literature.
- Published
- 2015
6. Foreword
- Author
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PETER SINGER
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,History ,Literature and Literary Theory ,Visual Arts and Performing Arts - Published
- 2010
7. SECRECY IN CONSEQUENTIALISM: A DEFENCE OF ESOTERIC MORALITY
- Author
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Peter Singer and Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek
- Subjects
Philosophy ,Government ,Moral philosophy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Law ,Secrecy ,Consequentialism ,Environmental ethics ,Morality ,media_common - Abstract
Sidgwick's defence of esoteric morality has been heavily criticized, for example in Bernard Williams's condemnation of it as ‘Government House utilitarianism.’ It is also at odds with the idea of morality defended by Kant, Rawls, Bernard Gert, Brad Hooker, and T.M. Scanlon. Yet it does seem to be an implication of consequentialism that it is sometimes right to do in secret what it would not be right to do openly, or to advocate publicly. We defend Sidgwick on this issue, and show that accepting the possibility of esoteric morality makes it possible to explain why we should accept consequentialism, even while we may feel disapproval towards some of its implications.
- Published
- 2010
8. SPECIESISM AND MORAL STATUS
- Author
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Peter Singer
- Subjects
Philosophy ,Human life ,Speciesism ,Cognition ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Profound mental retardation ,humanities ,Social cognitive theory of morality ,Cognitive load ,Slippery Slope Arguments - Abstract
Many people believe that all human life is of equal value. Most of them also believe that all human beings have a moral status superior to that of nonhuman animals. But how are these beliefs to be defended? The mere difference of species cannot in itself determine moral status. The most obvious candidate for regarding human beings as having a higher moral status than animals is the superior cognitive capacity of humans. People with profound mental retardation pose a problem for this set of beliefs, because their cognitive capacities are not superior to those of many animals. I argue that we should drop the belief in the equal value of human life, replacing it with a graduated view that applies to animals as well as to humans.
- Published
- 2009
9. Applied ethics in a hostile environment
- Author
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Peter Singer
- Subjects
Philosophy ,Ethnology ,Sociology ,Humanities ,Applied ethics - Abstract
L'A. temoigne de la transgression de la liberte d'expression et d'enseignement que revele l'annulation du 15 e Congres International L. Wittgenstein en 1991, et souligne l'opposition que rencontre l'ethique appliquee dans les pays germanophones
- Published
- 2008
10. Review Essay on The Moral Demands of Affluence
- Author
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Peter Singer
- Subjects
Philosophy ,Extreme poverty ,History and Philosophy of Science ,Work (electrical) ,Political science ,Benchmark (surveying) ,Field (Bourdieu) ,Basic needs ,Law and economics - Abstract
Does the co-existence in the world today of widespread affluence and widespread absolute poverty give rise to any moral demands on the affluent? More specifically, are those of who are comfortably off justified in buying things we don't need when we could donate the money we spend to aid agencies that will use it to save the lives of people who cannot meet their basic needs? Over the last thirty years, a philosophical debate has sprung up over this issue, steadily becoming more detailed and more rigorous. Garrett Cullity's recent book sets a new benchmark that future work in this field will need to meet.
- Published
- 2007
11. Seilnetze – Eigenschaften, Besonderheiten bei der Montage, Lastabtragung
- Author
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Peter Singer, Rudi Oswald, and Dieter Ströbel
- Subjects
Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,Metals and Alloys ,Building and Construction ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
Seilnetze besitzen eine grose Flexibilitat im Bauen von dreidimensionalen Flachen. Die Vorteile von Seilnetzen aus Stahl sind, dass die Stahlseile einen grosen Widerstand gegen Beschadigung und mutwillige Zerstorung besitzen, aufgrund des hohen Anprallwiderstandes als Absturzsicherung oder Absperrung dienen und eine sehr grose Transparenz aufweisen. Mit Seilnetzen werden heute weltweit Gelanderausfachungen, Absturzsicherungen an Bauten, Fassaden, Tiergehege und Gartenmobel gebaut. Die Seilnetze finden fur die Innenraumgestaltungen bei Messen und Ausstellungen zunehmend Interesse. Dargestellt werden die Eigenschaften der Seilnetze, die Besonderheiten bei der Montage und ihre Lastabtragung. Die Kinematik der Vierecksmaschen ist die Ursache fur die freie Formbarkeit der Netze. Fur die ingenieurtechnische Erfassung der Netze ist es erforderlich, dass Methoden zur Verfugung gestellt werden, die eine Berechnung der Gleichgewichtsflachen ermoglichen, das Verhalten der Seilnetze unter auseren Einwirkungen und unter Berucksichtigung der Vorspannung beschreiben und den Prozess des Montageprozesses erfassen.
- Published
- 2007
12. THE MORAL STATUS OF STEM CELLS
- Author
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Agata Sagan and Peter Singer
- Subjects
animal structures ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Bioethics ,humanities ,Epistemology ,Dilemma ,Philosophy ,Moral philosophy ,embryonic structures ,Sociology ,Stem cell ,Absurdity ,health care economics and organizations ,Medical ethics ,media_common - Abstract
What moral status should we attribute to stem cells? To answer this neglected question, we look in this essay at the properties of embryos and other entities that could develop into beings who have uncontested moral status, namely, adult humans. Our analysis indicates that those who grant moral status to embryos should also grant it to stem cells. This has implications that verge on absurdity, since even if we were to try to do what we can to protect these entities, we would face the dilemma that the development of any embryo requires the destruction of other potential beings. We respond to objections, including the claim that the destruction of human embryos is wrong not because of the potential of human embryos but because human embryos are actual beings with a rational nature. We conclude that the more plausible position is to deny moral status to embryos, and thus to stem cells as well.
- Published
- 2007
13. Association of aMAOAgene variant with generalized anxiety disorder, but not with panic disorder or major depression
- Author
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H.-J. Möller, Peter Singer, Norbert Dahmen, Ina Giegling, Armin Szegedi, Dan Rujescu, and André Tadić
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Generalized anxiety disorder ,biology ,business.industry ,Panic disorder ,Panic ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,medicine.disease ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Anxiety ,medicine.symptom ,Monoamine oxidase A ,business ,Allele frequency ,Genetics (clinical) ,Anxiety disorder - Abstract
This study was conducted to detect a possible association of a T941G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD), or major depression (MD). Fifty GAD patients (34 females and 16 males), 38 PD patients (21 females and 17 males), and 108 MD patients (80 females and 28 males) were included. The comparison group consisted of 276 (132 females and 144 males) unrelated healthy individuals. The 941T allele was over-represented in patients suffering from GAD (chi(2) = 6.757; df = 1; P < 0.01, not corrected for multiple testing) when compared to healthy volunteers. No association was observed in MD or PD. This is the first study specifically analyzing the MAOA G941T polymorphism in GAD and thus needs to be replicated in an independent sample. However, the results are in line with previous data suggesting an association between the MAOA locus and regulation of complex human behavior.
- Published
- 2001
14. No Association Between the Dopamine D2 Receptor Taq I A1 Allele and Earlier Age of Onset of Alcohol Dependence According to Different Specified Criteria
- Author
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Matthias J. Müller, Christoph Klawe, Sabine Germeyer, Peter Singer, Armin Szegedi, Hermann Wetzel, Ion Anghelescu, Norbert Dahmen, and Hubertus Himmerich
- Subjects
Genetics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,TaqI ,Alcohol dependence ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Binge drinking ,Toxicology ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Polymorphism (computer science) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Allele ,Age of onset ,Restriction fragment length polymorphism ,Psychology ,Allele frequency - Abstract
BACKGROUND: The presence of the A1 allele of the dopamine D2 receptor TaqI restriction fragment length polymorphism has been reported to be associated with an earlier age of onset of alcohol dependence as a marker for severity. METHODS: We tested this hypothesis with special regard to the definition of the age of onset of alcoholism in 243 patients with alcohol dependence, according to DSM-IV criteria assessed by the standardized interview Munchner Composite International Diagnostic Interview (M-CIDI), consecutively admitted for detoxification. Additionally, the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) was performed. The TaqIA polymorphism was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the PCR product was digested by the restriction enzyme TaqI. Patients were subsequently divided into an A1 (presence of at least one A1 allele, n = 88) and an A2 group (absence of an A1 allele, n = 155). The following criteria for different definitions of age of onset were used: (1) age of onset of the first occurring symptom necessary for the diagnosis of alcohol dependence according to M-CIDI; (2) age of onset of the last symptom of alcohol dependence according to M-CIDI; (3) age of onset of more than 3 drinking days per week on a regular basis according to ASI; (4) age of onset of more than 3 drinking days-of more than five drinks per drinking day-or at least one binge drinking episode per week on a regular basis according to ASI. RESULTS: The frequency of the A1 allele in our patient sample was 0.208. No statistically significant association between the A1 allele and the age of onset of alcoholism was found. The mean age of onset according to criterion 1 was 30.4 +/- 10.8 years for the A1 group and 30.2 +/- 10.2 years for the A2 group (p = 0.89); for criterion 2, it was 33.3 +/- 10.0 years for the A1 group and 33.9 +/- 10.2 years for the A2 group (p = 0.77); for criterion 3, it was 18.0 +/- 7.5 years for the A1 group and 18.1 +/- 6.1 years for the A2 group (p = 0.92); and for criterion 4, it was 22.3 +/- 9.7 years for the A1 group and 21.8 +/- 8.5 years for the A2 group (p = 0.76). CONCLUSIONS: No association was found between the A1 polymorphism and age at onset of alcohol dependence according to different specified criteria.
- Published
- 2001
15. Follicular lesions of thyroid
- Author
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Sue Ellen Martin, Camilla J. Cobb, Maria Olvera, Barbara D. Florentine, Denise D. Tsao-Wei, Peter Singer, Jonathan Lopresti, Susan Groshen, Timothy S. Greaves, and Anwar S. Raza
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Goiter ,Adenoma ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Thyroid ,Cancer ,Retrospective cohort study ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Fine-needle aspiration ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Oncology ,Biopsy ,Carcinoma ,Medicine ,Radiology ,business - Abstract
BACKGROUND Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of the thyroid is of limited value in discriminating between nonneoplastic and neoplastic lesions in approximately 5–29% of patients. Indeterminate lesions are due primarily to the overlapping cytologic features found in follicular lesions. In this report, the authors describe their experience with FNA biopsy of the thyroid, concentrating on the analysis of those aspirates placed in the follicular lesion category. METHODS A blinded, retrospective analysis of 92 patients who underwent FNA and were diagnosed with follicular lesions was performed by three of the authors (T.S.G., B.D.F., and M.O.) at a multihead microscope. A worksheet assessing a variety of cytologic and architectural features was filled out for each FNA patient. The reviewers then reached a consensus diagnosis. RESULTS The reviewers agreed with the reported FNA diagnosis of follicular lesion in 63 of the 92 patients studied. No distinguishing cytologic features predictive of the histologic outcome were found in any of these 63 patients. Seven patients were judged by the reviewers to have insufficient cells for evaluation. In the remaining 22 patients, the reviewers' diagnoses were in agreement with the histologic diagnoses in 17 patients. CONCLUSIONS The authors found that there is a gray area in the cytologic diagnosis of patients with thyroid lesions by FNA due to inherent similarities at the light microscopic level. However, increased specificity may be achieved by careful attention to cytologic features and morphologic detail. Skillful application of FNA techniques, with the recovery of an adequate sample, will further decrease both interpretive errors and the number of patients diagnosed with “follicular lesions.” Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2000;90:335–341. © 2000 American Cancer Society.
- Published
- 2000
16. REPLY TO DR HARRIS
- Author
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Peter Singer
- Published
- 2009
17. Editorial
- Author
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Peter Singer and Helga Kuhse
- Subjects
Right to die ,Philosophy ,Politics ,Health (social science) ,Health Policy ,Political science ,Academic freedom ,Public administration - Published
- 1999
18. The cancer specific advance directive
- Author
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Peter Singer and Scott R. Berry
- Subjects
Disease specific ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Cancer ,Bioethics ,Directive ,medicine.disease ,Focus group ,Surgery ,Oncology ,Key informants ,Family medicine ,medicine ,Content validity ,business ,End-of-life care - Abstract
BACKGROUND Advance directives are an important part of end of life care, but current advance directive documents do not address the specific issues facing cancer patients. The authors' purpose was: 1) to develop a cancer specific advance directive, 2) determine whether oncology outpatients find this directive more acceptable than a generic advance directive, and 3) describe oncology outpatient preferences for life-sustaining treatment. METHODS A cancer specific advance directive ("The Cancer Living Will"; the full text of the updated version is available at the University of Toronto Joint Centre for Bioethics website [URL: www.utoronto.ca/jcb]) was developed in four steps: 1) literature search, 2) key informant interviews, 3) focus groups, and 4) evaluation of face and content validity. Subsequently, 91 volunteer oncology patients were given copies of the cancer specific advance directive and the generic advance directive ("The University of Toronto Centre for Bioethics Living Will") from which it was adapted. Acceptability of the advance directive was measured by determining the participants' preferred directive. Participants recorded their treatment preferences in both the cancer specific and generic advance directives. RESULTS Of 60 patients who returned their questionnaires, 50 expressed a preference for the advance directive. Thirty-two patients (64%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 49-77%) preferred the disease specific Cancer Living Will and 18 patients (36%; 95% CI, 23-51%) preferred the generic Centre for Bioethics Living Will. Most participants who preferred the Cancer Living Will did so because it was more specific and relevant to their situation. CONCLUSIONS The authors have developed and evaluated a cancer specific advance directive that they believe can be recommended for clinical use with cancer patients. Cancer 1998;82:1570-7. © 1998 American Cancer Society.
- Published
- 1998
19. THE LEGALISATION OF VOLUNTARY EUTHANASIA IN THE NORTHERN TERRITORY
- Author
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Peter Singer
- Subjects
Philosophy ,Health (social science) ,Health Policy ,Northern territory ,Socioeconomics ,Psychology - Published
- 1995
20. PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS: IS THE SANCTITY OF LIFE ETHIC TERMINALLY ILL?
- Author
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Peter Singer
- Subjects
Sanctity of life ,Life Support Care ,Philosophy ,Health (social science) ,Quality of life (healthcare) ,Personhood ,Health Policy ,Law ,Jurisprudence ,Value of life ,Abandonment (emotional) ,Face (sociological concept) ,Sociology - Abstract
Our growing technical capacity to keep human beings alive has brought the sanctity of life ethic to the point of collapse. The shift to a concept of brain death was already an implicit abandonment of the traditional ethic, though this has only recently become apparent. The 1993 decision of the British House of Lords in the case of Anthony Bland is an even more decisive shift towards an ethic that does not ask or seek to preserve human life as such, but only a life that is worth living. Once this shift has been completed and assimilated, we will no longer need the concept of brain death. Instead we can face directly the real ethical issue: when may doctors intentionally end the life of a patient?
- Published
- 1995
21. Advance Care Planning as a Process: Structuring the Discussions in Practice
- Author
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Linda L. Emanuel, Peter Singer, Marion Danis, and Robert A. Pearlman
- Subjects
Gerontology ,Advance care planning ,Social Work ,Social Values ,Office Visits ,Process (engineering) ,Office visits ,Information Dissemination ,Nurses ,Documentation ,Social value orientations ,Structuring ,Patient Care Planning ,Patient Education as Topic ,Humans ,Medicine ,Physician's Role ,Physician-Patient Relations ,Social work ,business.industry ,Communication ,Withholding Treatment ,Engineering ethics ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,Advance Directives ,business - Published
- 1995
22. Long-Term Care Facility Policies on Life-Sustaining Treatments and Advance Directives in Canada
- Author
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Iris Rasooly, Joseph J.K. Ma, Niteesh K. Choudhry, and Peter Singer
- Subjects
Gerontology ,Canada ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Decision Making ,Informed consent ,Acute care ,Conflict resolution ,medicine ,Humans ,Family ,Mental Competency ,Decision-making ,Resuscitation Orders ,Skilled Nursing Facilities ,Informed Consent ,Withholding Treatment ,business.industry ,Data Collection ,Public health ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Directive ,Dissent and Disputes ,Organizational Policy ,Group Processes ,Life Support Care ,Long-term care ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Ethics, Institutional ,Medical emergency ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,Advance Directives ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence and content of long-term care facility policies regarding the use of life-sustaining treatments (cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), artificial hydration and nutrition, dialysis, antibiotics for life-threatening infections, transfer to acute care hospital) and advance directives in Canada. DESIGN: Cross-sectional mailed survey. SETTING: Canadian long-term care facilities with 25 beds or more listed in the 1991–92 Directory of Long Term Care Centres in Canada. Institutions listed as, “general hospitals,” “psychiatric hospitals,” “children's treatment centres,” “group homes,” or as purely residential facilities were excluded. PARTICIPANTS: Chief Executive Officers or their designates. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Respondents' self-reports regarding the existence of life-sustaining treatment or advance directive policies and content analysis of the policies themselves. RESULTS: Of 1472 long-term care facilities, 1021 (69%) responded. Of these, 344 (34%) institutions had 397 policies regarding the use of life-sustaining treatments or advance directives. Three hundred twenty facilities (31%) had 349 do-not-resuscitate (DNR) policies (40% on CPR alone and 60% on CPR plus other life-sustaining treatments). Seventeen institutions (2%) each had one policy addressing life-sustaining treatments other than CPR, and 31 institutions (3%) each had one policy addressing advance directives. Of the 397 policies, 171 (43%) required routine discussion with all patients, 156 (39%) mentioned futility, 331 (83%) indicated that the competent patient had the right to make a decision about life-sustaining treatment, 265 (67%) indicated that the family of the incompetent patient had this right, 27 policies (7%) mentioned conflict resolution, 378 (95%) had an explicit requirement for recording the decision, 10 (3%) required explicit communication of the decision to the competent patient, 10 (3%) required such communication to the family of the incompetent patient, 260 (66%) required updating of the decision, and 213 (54%) mentioned rescinding or changing the decision. CONCLUSIONS: Only one-third of Canadian long-term care facilities have do-not-resuscitate policies, and even fewer have policies on advance directives or life-sustaining treatments other than CPR. The policies themselves could be improved by encouraging routine advance discussions, scrutinizing the use of the futility standard, stipulating procedures for conflict resolution, and explicitly requiring communication of the decision to competent patients or substitute decision makers of incompetent patients.
- Published
- 1994
23. A German Attack on Applied Ethics [1]: A statement by Peter Singer
- Author
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Peter Singer
- Subjects
Forcing (recursion theory) ,Statement (logic) ,Human life ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Doctrine ,Discount points ,Applied ethics ,language.human_language ,German ,Philosophy ,Law ,language ,Sociology ,media_common - Abstract
In Germany, applied ethics is under attack from a diverse coalition of left-wing organisations, disability groups, and some conservative defenders of a strict doctrine of the sanctity of human life. The attack has been pressed to the point of forcing the cancellation of conferences and disrupting lectures or classes so that they cannot take place. This essay describes the extent and nature of the attack, and makes a preliminary assessment of its significance.
- Published
- 1992
24. From the Editors
- Author
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Helga Kuhse and Peter Singer
- Subjects
Philosophy ,Health (social science) ,Health Policy - Published
- 1999
25. BIOETHICS AND ACADEMIC FREEDOM
- Author
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Peter Singer
- Subjects
Freedom ,Parents ,History ,Value of Life ,Health (social science) ,Universities ,Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities ,Coercion ,Decision Making ,Infanticide ,Subject (philosophy) ,Nazism ,Morals ,German ,Politics ,Ethicists ,Germany ,Physicians ,Political science ,Humans ,Disabled Persons ,Mass Media ,Social science ,Ethics ,Euthanasia ,Political Systems ,Health Policy ,Academic freedom ,Community Participation ,Infant, Newborn ,Bioethics ,Dissent and Disputes ,Euthanasia, Passive ,language.human_language ,Group Processes ,Social Control, Formal ,Religion ,Philosophy ,Euthanasia, Active ,National Socialism ,Law ,Quality of Life ,language ,Stress, Psychological ,Social control - Abstract
KIE: The author describes the events surrounding his attempts to lecture on the subject of euthanasia in West Germany in June 1989. Singer, who defends the view that active euthanasia for some newborns with handicaps may be ethically permissible, had been invited to speak to professional and academic groups. Strong public protests against Singer and his topic led to the cancellation of some of his engagements, disruptions during others, and harrassment of the German academics who had invited him to speak. These incidents and the subject of euthanasia became matters of intense national debate in West Germany, but there was little public or academic support for Singer's right to be heard. Singer argues that bioethics and bioethicists must have the freedom to challenge conventional moral beliefs, and that the events in West Germany illustrate the grave danger to that freedom from religious and political intolerance.
- Published
- 1990
26. From the Editors
- Author
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Helge Kuhse and Peter Singer
- Subjects
Philosophy ,Health (social science) ,Health Policy - Published
- 1998
27. On the Ethics of Bringing People into Existence
- Author
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Helga Kuhse and Peter Singer
- Subjects
Moral Obligations ,Social Responsibility ,Value of Life ,Health (social science) ,Cloning, Organism ,Reproduction ,Health Policy ,Bioethics ,Religion ,Philosophy ,Human Genome Project ,Quality of Life ,Humans ,Theology ,Bioethical Issues ,Population Control ,Sociology ,Social science ,Genetic Engineering - Published
- 1998
28. From the Editors: Choosing the Sex, Race and Sexual Orientation of our Children
- Author
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Helga Kuhse and Peter Singer
- Subjects
Health (social science) ,Health Policy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Sex preselection ,Developmental psychology ,Philosophy ,Race (biology) ,Sex Determination Analysis ,Sexual orientation ,Homosexuality ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Prejudice (legal term) ,media_common - Published
- 1998
29. From the Editors: Bob Dent's Decision
- Author
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Helga Kuhse and Peter Singer
- Subjects
Freedom ,Internationality ,Health (social science) ,Social Values ,International Cooperation ,Legislation as Topic ,Public Policy ,Suicide, Assisted ,Physicians ,Northern Territory ,Humans ,Terminally Ill ,Euthanasia, Active, Voluntary ,Sociology ,Mass media ,Jurisprudence ,Euthanasia ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Australia ,Cultural Diversity ,United States ,Management ,Philosophy ,Public Opinion ,Personal Autonomy ,Risk assessment ,business ,Conscience - Published
- 1997
30. HOW NOT TO SAVE A LIFE
- Author
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Peter Singer
- Subjects
Health care rationing ,Philosophy ,Health (social science) ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Developing country ,Sociology ,Public relations ,Social issues ,business ,Social responsibility ,Medical ethics - Published
- 2011
31. • Endocrine Surgery Subcommittee: Workup and Surgical Management of the Thyroid Nodule: An Interactive Panel
- Author
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Peter Singer, Ashok R. Shaha, Helmuth Goepfert, and Gregory W. Randolph
- Subjects
Endocrine surgery ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Otorhinolaryngology ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Thyroid ,medicine ,Nodule (medicine) ,Surgery ,Radiology ,medicine.symptom ,business - Published
- 1997
32. Editorial
- Author
-
Helga Kuhse and Peter Singer
- Subjects
Philosophy ,Health (social science) ,Health Policy - Published
- 1999
33. FROM THE EDITORS
- Author
-
Peter Singer and Helga Kuhse
- Subjects
Non western ,Philosophy ,Health (social science) ,Anthropology ,Health Policy ,Political science ,Bioethics - Published
- 1996
34. FROM THE EDITORS
- Author
-
Helga Kuhse and Peter Singer
- Subjects
Philosophy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Health (social science) ,Randomization ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Physical therapy ,medicine ,business - Published
- 1996
35. The Incommensurability of Research Risks and Benefits: Practical Help for Research Ethics Committees
- Author
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Nitsa Kohut, Peter Singer, Douglas K. Martin, and Eric M. Meslin
- Subjects
Health (social science) ,Neuromuscular disease ,Duchenne muscular dystrophy ,Class I Antigens ,medicine.disease ,Transplantation ,Cell transplantation ,Antigen ,Political science ,Immunology ,medicine ,Engineering ethics ,Risks and benefits ,medicine.symptom ,Myopathy - Abstract
3. Law, PK, Goodwin TG, Fang, Q, et al.: Cell transplantation as an experimental treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Cell Transplantation 1993; 2:485505. 4. Daar, AS, Fuggle, SV, Fabre, JW, et al.: The detailed distribution of HIA-A, B, C antigens in normal human organs. Transplantation 1984; 38:287-98. 5. Appleyard, ST, Dunn, MJ, Dubowitz, V, Rose, ML: Increased expression of HLA ABC class I antigens by muscle fibres in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, imflammatory myopathy, and other neuromuscular disorders. Lancet 1985; i:361-63. 6. McDouall, RM, Dunn, MJ, Dubowitz, V: Expressions of class I and class II MHC antigens in neuromuscular disease. Journal ofNeurological Science 1989; 89:213-26.
- Published
- 1995
36. Allocating resources in perinatal medicine: A proposal
- Author
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Helga Kuhse, J. Mackenzie, and Peter Singer
- Subjects
Health Care Rationing ,Internationality ,business.industry ,Cost-Benefit Analysis ,Patient Selection ,Australia ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant, Low Birth Weight ,medicine.disease ,Resource Allocation ,Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Perinatal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Pregnant Women ,Medical emergency ,business - Published
- 1988
37. Attitudes of Australian neonatal paediatricians to the treatment of extremely preterm infants
- Author
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Victor Y H Yu, Peter Singer, C. De Garis, and Helga Kuhse
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Resuscitation ,Medical staff ,Attitude of Health Personnel ,Disclosure ,Infant, Premature, Diseases ,Resource Allocation ,Pregnancy ,Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ,Intensive care ,Humans ,Medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,business.industry ,Patient Selection ,Extremely preterm ,Australia ,Infant, Newborn ,Questionnaire ,Withholding Treatment ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Female ,Treatment decision making ,Neonatology ,business - Abstract
A questionnaire survey was carried out to identify areas of consensus or disagreement in the attitudes and practices of Australian neonatal paediatricians with regard to the treatment of extremely preterm infants. Considerable variation was found in the estimated chances of survival and disability among respondents. The majority of neonatal paediatricians advocated prompt resuscitation and initiation of neonatal intensive care at birth, although all believed life-support treatment should be withdrawn in those instances where medical complications develop resulting in near certainty of death or life with total incapacity. The predominant view was for parents to be involved in the decision-making process for withdrawal of life-support and for the neonatal intensive care policy to be made known to the parents. Information from this survey which raised concerns included the variability in the estimate of the potential for survival, the lack of relevance of the law to everyday practices in the neonatal intensive care units, the small minority of respondents who felt that life-and-death decisions should be made by medical staff alone, and the reluctance of some neonatal paediatricians to inform parents about the policies of their unit.
- Published
- 1987
38. Studies on the whole-body distribution of14C-trithioparamethoxyphenylpropene in mice
- Author
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Göran Isacsson and Peter Singer
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Anethole Trithione ,Placenta ,Anisoles ,Biology ,Salivary Glands ,Mice ,Fetus ,Pregnancy ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Distribution (pharmacology) ,Tissue Distribution ,Carbon Radioisotopes ,General Dentistry ,Kidney ,Urinary bladder ,Pregnant female ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Salivary secretion ,Autoradiography ,Female ,Whole body - Abstract
The study was undertaken to map the whole body distribution of trithioparamethoxyphenylpropene, TPMPP, a substance which is believed to stimulate salivary secretion. Two series of male and pregnant female mice were given 4.3 microCi 14C-TPMPP by gastric intubation. The animals were sacrificed at various intervals, embedded in CMC and frozen. Sections were taken from all levels and wholebody autoradiography performed. Four hours after administration the isotope was located in the intestines, liver, gall bladder, kidney and urinary bladder. High concentrations of the isotope persisted for 12 h with the exception of the kidney which showed decreasing concentrations after 4 h. The isotope was not found in the fetus or placenta. 24 h after administration no activity could be detected in any of the above mentioned organs. If TPMPP plays a role in salivary secretion this must be secondary as it was not found in the salivary glands, or nerve structures.
- Published
- 1985
39. ETHICS AND SOCIOBIOLOGY
- Author
-
Peter Singer
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,Value (ethics) ,Sociobiology ,Ethical issues ,Religious studies ,Subject (philosophy) ,Relevance (law) ,Sociology ,Human society ,Education ,Epistemology - Abstract
Sociobiologists make large claims for their subject. Knowing about the genetic underpinnings of human society will, they claim, enable us to understand all of human behavior and even to solve the ancient philosophical questions of how we ought to live. This essay assesses the significance of sociobiology for ethics. It argues that sociobiologists have misunderstood the relevance of facts to values and that their larger ambitions for their subject are bound to remain unfulfilled. Nevertheless, philosophers are wrong to ignore sociobiology. To give a genetic account of the existence of a widely held value does not justify that value, but it does say something of relevance to the ethical issues. The problem is to work out just what difference such an explanation makes.
- Published
- 1984
40. UTILITARIANISM FOR AND AGAINST
- Author
-
Peter Singer
- Subjects
Philosophy ,Utilitarianism ,Positive economics - Published
- 1974
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