6 results on '"N. Hodges"'
Search Results
2. CONTROLLED-ENVIRONMENT AQUACULTURE
- Author
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L. E. Mahler, Carl N. Hodges, and John E. Groh
- Subjects
Engineering ,Open and closed systems in social science ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Environmental engineering ,Environment controlled ,Aquatic Science ,Shrimp culture ,Work (electrical) ,Aquaculture ,Agriculture ,Quality (business) ,Water quality ,business ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Environmental planning ,media_common - Abstract
The University of Arizona's work in controlled-environment agriculture is reviewed, followed by discussions of their contemporary modifications of these techniques in controlled-environment aquaculture. Open and closed systems of agriculture have been designed, constructed and operated by the University in desert regions of Arabia and North America to obtain high yields of superior quality crops while greatly reducing water usage. This required the development of innovative and cost-efficient construction techniques and simplified systems to control temperature and other environmental variables. Similar systems for controlled-environment aquaculture are discussed, including the new University applications in shrimp culture. Techniques of construction and operation are reviewed and evaluated, particularly in relation to the major problems of maintaining appropriate water quality in confined systems enriched by large populations of animals and frequent introduction of artificial feeds.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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3. Biodegradable plastics from animal protein coproducts: Feathermeal
- Author
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Suraj Sharma, James N. Hodges, and Igor Luzinov
- Subjects
Whey protein ,Toughness ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Polymer science ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Compression molding ,General Chemistry ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Plant protein ,Ultimate tensile strength ,Materials Chemistry ,Denaturation (biochemistry) ,Polymer blend ,Polystyrene ,Composite material - Abstract
This work describes the properties of plastics made from partially denatured proteins produced by the animal coproduct (rendering) industry and these plastics' fabrication. Specifically, plastic samples from partially denatured feathermeal protein were successfully produced by a compression-molding process. The modulus (stiffness) of the material obtained was found to be comparable with that of commercial synthetic materials, such as polystyrene, but was found to have lower toughness characteristics, which is a common phenomenon among plastics produced from animal and plant proteins. A reversible stress–strain property was observed over the yield region. Plastic-forming conditions for undenatured animal proteins, such as albumen and whey proteins, were also formulated for fabricating plastics out of these proteins' blends with feathermeal proteins. The resultant plastic samples that were developed of biomacromolecular blends, such as feathermeal/whey and feathermeal/albumen, demonstrated improved mechanical properties, specifically tensile strength, when compared with neat plastics from feathermeal proteins. The values for the stiffness of the feathermeal/whey blends deviated from simple mixing rule and showed a synergistic effect. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Gold and platinum catalysed oxidation of methanol
- Author
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Colin N. Hodges and Leonard C. Roselaar
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Flow system ,chemistry ,Phase (matter) ,Inorganic chemistry ,Formaldehyde ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Methanol ,Photochemistry ,Platinum ,Oxygen ,Stoichiometry - Abstract
A comparative study was made of the vapour phase oxidation of methanol in presence of gold and platinum, using a flow system at temperatures below 500°C. Over gold there is a stoichiometric conversion to formaldehyde and water. In presence of platinum, the reaction is the same up to 200°C, but at higher temperatures other oxidation products appear. Mechanisms are suggested involving interaction between chemisorbed oxygen and methanol fragments.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
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5. Fetal cleft lip and palate detection by three-dimensional ultrasonography
- Author
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J. S. Kirk, K. W. Shaheen, A. N. Hodges, Roberto Romero, Wesley Lee, and Christine H. Comstock
- Subjects
Fetus ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,business.industry ,Facial cleft ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Gestational age ,Prenatal diagnosis ,General Medicine ,Anatomy ,medicine.disease ,stomatognathic diseases ,stomatognathic system ,Reproductive Medicine ,Obstetrics and gynaecology ,Bilateral cleft lip ,Bilateral cleft palate ,medicine ,Alveolar ridge ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,business - Abstract
Objectives To demonstrate a standardized approach for the evaluation of cleft lip and palate by three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography. Design This was a retrospective study of seven fetuses with confirmed facial cleft anomalies. Post-natal findings were compared to a blinded review of 3D volume data from abnormal fetuses with seven other normal fetuses that were matched for gestational age. Upper lip integrity was examined by 3D multiplanar imaging. Sequential axial views were used to evaluate the maxillary tooth-bearing alveolar ridge contour and anterior tooth socket alignment. Alveolar ridge disruption suggested cleft palate. Premaxillary protrusion, either by multiplanar imaging or surface rendering, indicated bilateral cleft lip and palate. Results Post-natal findings confirmed bilateral cleft lip and palate (four cases), unilateral cleft lip and palate (one case), and unilateral cleft lip (two cases). Multiplanar review identified all three fetuses with unilateral cleft lip, three of four fetuses with bilateral cleft lip, one fetus with unilateral cleft palate, and three of four fetuses with bilateral cleft palate. Surface rendering correctly identified all cleft lips, with the exception of one fetus, who was thought to have a unilateral cleft lip and palate, despite the actual presence of a bilateral lesion. One cleft palate defect was directly visualized by 3D surface rendering. No false-positives occurred. Conclusion Interactive review of standardized 3D multiplanar images allows one to evaluate labial defects, abnormalities of the maxillary tooth-bearing alveolar ridge, and presence of premaxillary protrusion for detecting cleft lip and palate anomalies. Surface rendering may increase diagnostic confidence for normal or abnormal studies. This technology provides an array of visualization tools that may improve the prenatal characterization of facial clefts, particularly of the palate. Copyright © 2000 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
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- 2000
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6. Mechanisms of cell death induced by hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) involves apoptosis, autophagy, and ER stress.
- Author
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Mohammed NA, Lewis K, Hodges N, and Michelangeli F
- Subjects
- Humans, Apoptosis, Liver, Autophagy, Hydrocarbons, Brominated toxicity, Flame Retardants toxicity
- Abstract
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), was a widely utilized brominated flame retardant, commonly found in a wide range of household products. The pervasiveness of HBCD has identified the presence of this chemical in foods and in human tissues. Therefore, HBCD has been identified as a chemical of concern. The aim was to investigate the degree of cytotoxicity of HBCD in a range of cell lines derived from different tissues, (including hematopoietic, nerve, liver, and kidney-derived cells) with a view of determining any differential cell type effects. In addition, this study also investigated the mechanism(s) by which HBCD could cause cell death. The results showed that HCBD was considerably more toxic to leukocyte-derived (RBL2H3) and neuronal-derived (SHSY-5Y) cells with LC
50 values of 1.5 and 6.1 µM, respectively, compared to cells derived from liver (HepG2) and kidney (Cos-7), which had LC50 values of 28.5 and 17.5 µM, respectively. A detailed investigation of the mechanism(s) of cell death showed that HBCD caused, at least in part, Ca2+ -dependent cell death, caspase-activated apoptosis, and autophagy, but there was little evidence for either necrosis or necroptosis occurring. Furthermore, it was shown that HBCD can also induce the ER stress response which is a known trigger of both apoptosis and autophagy and therefore this could be one of the crucial events by which cell death is initiated. As each of these cell death mechanisms was investigated in at least two different cell lines and no differences were identified, it is likely that the mode of action is not cell-type specific., (© 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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