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Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality rates are increasing rapidly in many low-income and middle-income countries. A demonstration project was implemented in Morocco in collaboration with the Ministry of Health to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and challenges of implementing CRC screening through routine primary care facilities., Methods: The objective of the project was to screen 10,000 men and women aged 50 to 75 years through 10 primary health centers (PHCs) in 2 provinces. All eligible men and women attending the selected PHCs were offered the fecal immunochemical test (FIT). Stool specimens brought to the PHCs were tested immediately by trained nurses. FIT-positive individuals were referred to the National Oncology Institute for colonoscopy., Results: In total, 9763 eligible men and women were screened by FIT between June 2017 and May 2019; most (73.3%) were women. The test was positive in 460 participants (4.7%). Among the individuals who had positive FIT results, 62.6% underwent colonoscopy. The main reasons for noncompliance to colonoscopy were competing life priorities (15.4%), other health problems (13%), and fear of getting a cancer diagnosis (12.3%). As the number of referrals to colonoscopy increased, the waiting time for the procedure increased, resulting in a drop in compliance. The detection rates of advanced adenomas and CRC were 4.0 in 1000 and 0.5 in 1000 individuals screened, respectively., Conclusions: An effective strategy to reach the target populations (especially men), a pragmatic assessment of the health system's capacity to deal with large numbers of referrals, and a formal cost-effectiveness analysis are essential before making any decision to introduce CRC screening in Morocco., (© 2021 American Cancer Society.)

Background: Peritoneal hydatid disease is a rare and poorly known disease. We report our experience with 17 patients treated for peritoneal echinococcosis. The main objectives were to analyze and discuss the specific features of the anatomic peritoneal lesions along with their surgical treatment., Methods: We analyzed retrospectively all patients treated in our unit for peritoneal echinococcosis between January 2001 and December 2008. Preoperative description of the lesions, and the surgical procedures were carefully reported., Results: Peritoneal hydatidosis represented 6.3% of all abdominal localizations. There were 10 women (58.8%) and 7 men (41.2%). Median age was 34 years. Ten patients (58.8%) had had previous surgery for abdominal echinococcosis. Ten patients (58.8%) had synchronous abdominal localization of hydatid disease, and two patients had synchronous pulmonary localization. Sixteen patients were operated on by laparotomy. We classified the anatomic lesions into four groups: localized form (n = 6, 37.4%), disseminated form (n = 8, 50%), "hydatid carcinomatosis" (n = 3, 18.7%), hydatidoperitoneum (n = 1, 6.25%). One patient had a ruptured hydatid cyst of the left liver. We performed total cystectomies in 10 patients, partial cystectomies in 8 patients, and omentectomy in 5 patients. Two patients (12.5%) had surgical complications. One patient (6.25%) died owing to a pulmonary embolism. Anthelmintic chemotherapy was given to two patients before surgery and to nine patients postoperatively. Recurrences were seen in two patients (14.2%)., Conclusions: Peritoneal echinococcosis can cause a large variety of specific and complex anatomic lesions. The disseminated form is the most common, and therefore the surgical treatment is challenging in most cases.