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The sections in this article are: 1 The Growth Hormone Receptor 1.1 Cloning of the Growth Hormone Receptor 1.2 The Cytokine/Hematopoietin Receptor Superfamily 1.3 Growth Hormone Binding and Receptor Dimerization 2 Growth Hormone–Dependent Intracellular Signaling 2.1 Activation of the Tyrosine Kinase Janus Kinase 2 2.2 Tyrosyl Phosphorylation of the Growth Hormone Receptor and Janus Kinase 2 2.3 Activation of the Ras–Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway 2.4 Utilization of Insulin Receptor Substrates 7 and 2 and Phosphatidylinositol-3′-Kinase 2.5 Regulation of Protein Kinase C 2.6 Regulation of Intracellular Calcium 2.7 Activation of Stat Proteins 3 Growth Hormone-Dependent Signaling to the Nucleus 3.1 Multiple Pathways Mediate Growth Hormone–Regulated Gene Expression 3.2 Sexually Dimorphic Growth Hormone Secretion Patterns Regulate Gene Transcription 4 Conclusions