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Aim\ud \ud Treat‐to‐target, randomized controlled trials have confirmed lower rates of hypoglycaemia at equivalent glycaemic control with insulin degludec (degludec) versus insulin glargine 100 units/mL (glargine U100) in patients with type 1 (T1D) or type 2 diabetes (T2D). Treat‐to‐target trials are designed to enable comparisons of safety and tolerability at a similar HbA1c level. In this post hoc analysis of the SWITCH 1 and 2 trials, we utilised a patient‐level modelling approach to compare how glycaemic control might differ between basal insulins at a similar rate of hypoglycaemia.\ud \ud \ud \ud Materials and Methods\ud \ud Data for HbA1c and symptomatic hypoglycaemia from the SWITCH 1 and SWITCH 2 trials were analyzed separately for patients with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes, respectively. The association between the individual patient‐level risk of hypoglycaemia and HbA1c was investigated using a Poisson regression model and used to estimate potential differences in glycaemic control with degludec versus glargine U100, at the same rate of hypoglycaemia.\ud \ud \ud \ud Results\ud \ud Improvements in glycaemic control increased the incidence of hypoglycaemia with both basal insulins across diabetes types. Our analysis suggests that patients could achieve a mean HbA1c reduction of 0.70 [0.05; 2.20]95% CI (for type 1 diabetes) or 0.96 [0.39; 1.99]95% CI (for type 2 diabetes) percentage points (8 [1; 24]95% CI or 10 [4; 22]95% CI mmol/mol, respectively) further with degludec than with glargine U100 before incurring an equivalent risk of hypoglycaemia.\ud \ud \ud \ud Conclusion\ud \ud Our findings suggest that patients in clinical practice may be able to achieve lower glycaemia targets with degludec versus glargine U100, before incurring an equivalent risk of hypoglycaemia.

Aims Evaluate 26 weeks’ liraglutide treatment in type 1 diabetes (T1D) by subgroups in the ADJUNCT ONE and TWO trials. Materials and Methods ADJUNCT ONE and TWO were randomized controlled phase 3 trials in 1,398 and 835 participants with T1D treated with liraglutide (1.8, 1.2 or 0.6 mg) or placebo (adjuncts to insulin). This post hoc analysis evaluated treatment effects by subgroups: HbA1c (textless or ≥ 8.5; body mass index (BMI) (textless or ≥ 27 kg/m2) and insulin regimen (basal bolus or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion). Results In both trials at week 26, reductions in HbA1c, body weight and daily insulin dose did not differ significantly (ptextgreater0.05) by baseline HbA1c or BMI. Risk of clinically significant hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia with ketosis did not differ significantly (ptextgreater0.05) by baseline HbA1c, BMI or insulin regimen. At week 26 in ADJUNCT ONE, these risks did not differ (ptextgreater0.05) between treatment groups. Placebo-adjusted reductions in HbA1c, body weight and insulin dose (-0.30 points, -5.0 kg, and -12 respectively, with liraglutide 1.8 mg) were significant (ptextless0.05), greater than at week 52 and similar to those in ADJUNCT TWO (-0.35 -4.8 kg and -10 respectively, with liraglutide 1.8 mg). Conclusions In ADJUNCT ONE and TWO, the efficacy and glycemic safety of liraglutide did not depend on subgroups, leaving residual beta-cell function the only identified parameter impacting the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) in T1D. These findings support a role for GLP-1 RAs as adjuncts to insulin in T1D, warranting further study. Abstract Aim To evaluate 26 weeks of liraglutide treatment in type 1 diabetes (T1D) by subgroups in the ADJUNCT ONE and ADJUNCT TWO trials. Materials and Methods ADJUNCT ONE and ADJUNCT TWO were randomized controlled phase 3 trials in 1398 and 835 participants with T1D treated with liraglutide (1.8, 1.2, or 0.6 mg) or placebo (adjuncts to insulin). This post hoc analysis evaluated treatment effects by subgroups: HbA1c (< or ≥8.5%), body mass index (BMI; < or ≥27 kg/m2), and insulin regimen (basal bolus or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion). Results In both trials at week 26, reductions in HbA1c, body weight, and daily insulin dose did not differ significantly (P > .05) by baseline HbA1c or BMI. Risk of clinically significant hypoglycaemia or hyperglycaemia with ketosis did not differ significantly (P > .05) by baseline HbA1c, BMI, or insulin regimen. At week 26 in ADJUNCT ONE, these risks did not differ (P > .05) between treatment groups. Placebo-adjusted reductions in HbA1c, body weight, and insulin dose (−0.30%-points, −5.0 kg, and −12%, respectively, with liraglutide 1.8 mg), were significant (P