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1. Risk factors for pre‐heart failure or symptomatic heart failure based on NT‐proBNP

Author

Shoko Aoki, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Tomomi Kihara, Mari Tanaka, Hironori Imano, Isao Muraki, Yuji Shimizu, Mina Hayama‐Terada, Mitsumasa Umesawa, Tomoko Sankai, Takeo Okada, Akihiko Kitamura, Masahiko Kiyama, and Hiroyasu Iso

Subjects
Blood pressure, Diabetes mellitus, Epidemiology, Obesity, Pre‐heart failure, Smoking, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Abstract Aims Evidence on the risk factors for incident heart failure in Asia has been limited. We sought to identify the risk factors for pre‐heart failure or symptomatic heart failure, based on N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP), in the Japanese general population. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study based on the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study involving 5335 Japanese individuals whose NT‐proBNP levels were measured between 2010 and 2015. Of these, 2768 people aged between 30 and 69 years who undertook annual cardiovascular risk surveys at least once between 1990 and 2000 were retrospectively eligible to be participants in this study. We performed multivariable logistic regression analyses to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of pre‐heart failure or symptomatic heart failure defined as NT‐proBNP >400 pg/mL or as having a diagnosis of heart failure and taking medication for heart failure for several cardiovascular risk factors (body mass index, blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol, triglyceride, smoking status, drinking status). Results We identified 85 cases of heart failure. The multivariable ORs (95% CIs) were 5.70 (2.70–12.0) for body mass index of 27–29.9 kg/m2 and 5.91 (2.19–16.0) for ≥30 kg/m2 compared with 21–22.9 kg/m2; 2.49(1.01–6.13) for systolic blood pressure of ≥160 mmHg vs.

Published
2023
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2. Body mass index, weight change in midlife, and dementia incidence: the Japan Public Health Center‐based Prospective Study

Author

Miwa Tashiro, Nobufumi Yasuda, Manami Inoue, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Shoichiro Tsugane, and Norie Sawada

Subjects
body mass index, dementia, JPHC Study, life course, weight change, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429, Geriatrics, RC952-954.6
Abstract

Abstract INTRODUCTION Insufficient evidence exists on the sex‐specific associations of body mass index (BMI) and weight change through midlife with dementia incidence, especially in Asian populations. METHODS For 37,414 Japanese residents aged 40 to 59 years, BMIs at baseline (year 1990 or 1993) and 10‐year follow‐ups were obtained. Weight changes between baseline and 10‐year follow‐ups were determined. Disabling dementia incidence from 2006 to 2016 was ascertained using long‐term care insurance (LTCI) certifications. Hazard ratios (HRs) were computed. RESULTS Increased dementia risk was observed with obesity at baseline and with underweight at 10‐year follow‐ups. Weight loss after baseline was at greater risk than weight gain. No sex difference was observed. DISCUSSION In both sexes, obesity in midlife increased the risk of developing dementia with increasing impacts of weight loss after midlife. A healthy body weight throughout adulthood is beneficial for dementia prevention. Highlights Obesity in midlife is a risk factor for incident dementia. Weight loss is a bigger risk factor than weight gain in later midlife. Association of BMI and weight change in midlife with dementia does not vary by sex.

Published
2023
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3. Risk Factors for Mortality From Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection: Results From a 26‐Year Follow‐Up of a Community‐Based Population

Author

Ai Koba, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Toshimi Sairenchi, Hiroyuki Noda, Fujiko Irie, Nobue Takizawa, Takuji Tomizawa, Hiroyasu Iso, and Hitoshi Ota

Subjects
aortic diseases, cohort study, epidemiology, mortality, risk factor, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Background Aortic aneurysm rupture and acute aortic dissection are life‐threatening conditions and represent an ever‐growing public health challenge. Comprehensive epidemiologic investigations for their risk factors are scant. We aimed to investigate risk factors associated with mortality from aortic diseases through analysis of a community‐based Japanese cohort. Methods and Results IPHS (Ibaraki Prefectural Health Study) comprises 95 723 participants who took part in municipal health checkups in 1993. Factors considered for analysis included age, sex, body mass index, blood pressure, serum lipids (high‐density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, non‐HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides), diabetes, antihypertensive and lipid‐lowering drug use, and smoking and drinking habits. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to evaluate the associations between these variables and mortality from aortic diseases. During the median 26‐year follow‐up, 190 participants died of aortic aneurysm rupture, and 188 died of aortic dissection. An increased multivariable hazard ratio (HR) for mortality from total aortic diseases was observed for high systolic blood pressure (1.61 [1.00–2.59]), diastolic blood pressure (2.95 [1.95–4.48]), high non‐HDL cholesterol (1.63 [1.19–2.24]), low HDL cholesterol (1.86 [1.29–2.68]), and heavy (>20 cigarettes/day) smoking habit (2.46 [1.66–3.63]). A lower multivariable HR was observed for diabetes (0.50 [0.28–0.89]). Conclusions Smoking habit, higher systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure levels, higher non‐HDL, and lower HDL cholesterol levels were positively associated with mortality from total aortic diseases, whereas diabetes was inversely associated.

Published
2023
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4. Coffee and Green Tea Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among People With and Without Hypertension

Author

Masayuki Teramoto, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Isao Muraki, Akiko Tamakoshi, and Hiroyasu Iso

Subjects
coffee, cohort study, diet, green tea, hypertension, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Background This study was conducted to examine the impacts of coffee and green tea consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among people with severe hypertension. Methods and Results In the JACC (Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk), 18 609 participants (6574 men and 12 035 women) aged 40 to 79 years at baseline who completed a lifestyle, diet, and medical history questionnaire, and health examinations, were followed up until 2009. We classified the participants into four blood pressure (BP) categories: optimal and normal BP, high‐normal BP, grade 1 hypertension, and grade 2–3 hypertension. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the multivariable hazard ratios with 95% CIs of CVD mortality. During the 18.9 years of median follow‐up, a total of 842 CVD deaths were documented. Coffee consumption was associated with an increased risk of CVD mortality among people with grade 2–3 hypertension; the multivariable hazard ratios (95% CI) of CVD mortality were 0.98 (0.67–1.43) for

Published
2023
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5. Associations of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness and Plaque Heterogeneity With the Risks of Stroke Subtypes and Coronary Artery Disease in the Japanese General Population: The Circulatory Risk in Communities Study

Author

Saeko Shimoda, Akihiko Kitamura, Hironori Imano, Renzhe Cui, Isao Muraki, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Mitsumasa Umesawa, Tomoko Sankai, Mina Hayama‐Terada, Yasuhiko Kubota, Yuji Shimizu, Takeo Okada, Masahiko Kiyama, and Hiroyasu Iso

Subjects
carotid intima‐media thickness, coronary artery disease, lacunar infarct, plaque, stroke, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Background Evidence on the associations of carotid intima‐media thickness and carotid plaque characteristics with stroke subtypes and coronary artery disease risks in Asians is limited. This study investigated these associations in the Japanese general population. Methods and Results Maximum intima‐media thicknesses of both the common carotid artery and internal carotid artery and carotid plaque characteristics were evaluated in 2943 Japanese subjects aged 40 to 75 years without history of cardiovascular disease. Subjects were followed up for a median of 15.1 years. Using a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model, we found that hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for the highest (≥1.07 mm) versus lowest (≤0.77 mm) quartiles of maximum intima‐media thicknesses of the common carotid artery were 1.97 (1.26–3.06) for total stroke, 1.52 (0.67–3.41) for hemorrhagic stroke, 2.45 (1.41–4.27) for ischemic stroke, 3.60 (1.64–7.91) for lacunar infarction, 1.53 (0.69–3.41) for nonlacunar cerebral infarction, 2.68 (1.24–5.76) for coronary artery disease, and 2.11 (1.44–3.12) for cardiovascular disease (similar results were found for maximum intima‐media thicknesses of the internal carotid artery). HRs(95% CIs) for heterogeneous plaque versus no plaque were 1.58 (1.09–2.30) for total stroke, 1.25 (0.58–2.70) for hemorrhagic stroke, 1.74 (1.13–2.67) for ischemic stroke, 1.84 (1.03–3.19) for lacunar infarction, 1.58 (0.80–3.11) for nonlacunar cerebral infarction, 2.11 (1.20–3.70) for coronary artery disease, and 1.71 (1.25–2.35) for cardiovascular disease. Conclusions Maximum intima‐media thicknesses of the common carotid artery, maximum intima‐media thicknesses of the internal carotid artery, and heterogeneous plaque were associated with the risks of stroke, lacunar infarction, coronary artery disease, and cardiovascular disease in Asians.

Published
2020
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6. Long‐Term Prognosis of Brugada‐Type ECG and ECG With Atypical ST‐Segment Elevation in the Right Precordial Leads Over 20 Years: Results From the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study (CIRCS)

Author

Hidekazu Tsuneoka, Masahiko Takagi, Nobuyuki Murakoshi, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Yasuhiro Yokoyama, DongZhu Xu, Yukio Sekiguchi, Hiro Yamasaki, Yoshihisa Naruse, Yoko Ito, Miyako Igarashi, Akihiko Kitamura, Takeo Okada, Takeshi Tanigawa, Keisuke Kuga, Tetsuya Ohira, Hiroshi Tada, Kazutaka Aonuma, Hiroyasu Iso, Tomoko Sankai, Mitsumasa Umesawa, Choy‐Lye Chei, Kimiko Yokota, Minako Tabata, Hironori Imano, Renzhe Cui, Ai Ikeda, Hiroyuki Noda, Satoyo Ikehara, Isao Muraki, Yuji Shimizu, Yoshinori Ishikawa, Masahiko Kiyama, Masakazu Nakamura, Kenji Maeda, Masatoshi Ido, Masamitsu Konishi, Takashi Shimamoto, Minoru Iida, Yoshio Komachi, Shinichi Sato, Yoshihiko Naito, Hideki Ozawa, Isao Saito, Susumu Sakurai, Shinichi Hitsumoto, and Masayuki Yao

Subjects
Brugada syndrome, electrocardiography, epidemiology, prognosis, sudden cardiac death, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

BackgroundBrugada syndrome is recognized as being associated with sudden cardiac death; however, the prevalence of non–type 1 Brugada‐type ECG (BrS) or atypical ST‐segment elevation in the right precordial leads (STERP) and the long‐term prognosis for those patients remain unknown. Methods and ResultsWe analyzed standard 12‐lead ECGs of 7178 apparently healthy participants (age range 40–64 years) who underwent health checkups from 1982 to 1986 in the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study, a prospective, large, community‐based cohort study in Japan. ECGs with J point amplitude ≥0.2 mV in the right precordial leads were divided into 3 groups: (1) type 1 BrS, (2) type 2 or 3 BrS (non‐type 1 BrS), and (3) STERP. The others served as the non–ST‐segment elevation group. We identified 8 participants (0.1%) with type1 BrS, 84 (1.2%) with non–type 1 BrS, and 228 (3.2%) with STERP. During a median follow‐up of 18.7 years (133 987.0 person‐years), sudden cardiac death was observed in no participants (0.0%) with type 1 BrS, in 1 (1.2%) with non–type 1 BrS, in 7 (3.1%) with STERP, and in 50 (0.7%) with non–ST‐segment elevation. Participants with STERP had a markedly elevated risk of sudden cardiac death (multivariable hazard ratio 3.9, 95% CI 1.7–9.0). ConclusionsSTERP was associated with an elevated risk of sudden cardiac death in a middle‐aged population.

Published
2016
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8. Body Mass Index and Serum γ‐glutamyltransferase Level as Risk Factors for Injuries Related to Professional Horse Racing: A Prospective Study

Author

Takeshi Tanigawa, Hiroyuki Noda, Hiroyasu Iso, Kazumasa Yamagishi, and Hiroko Tobari

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Poison control, Body Mass Index, Horse behavior, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Injury prevention, Animals, Humans, Medicine, Horses, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Physical Examination, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Hazard ratio, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, gamma-Glutamyltransferase, Middle Aged, Confidence interval, Athletic Injuries, Physical therapy, business, Body mass index
Abstract

Prevention of horse-related injuries is considered difficult because horse behavior is unpredictable. Therefore, risk factors for injuries related to professional horse racing need to be investigated. We conducted a study to determine whether body mass index (BMI) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels are associated with professional horse racing-related injuries.A baseline healthy survey of 546 male grooms and exercise riders aged 40-70 yr working at Miho Training Center, the largest racing-horse training facility in Japan, was performed in May 2003. A total of 93 occupational injuries occurred from June 1, 2003 to December 31, 2005. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine associations between the risk of injury and BMI and GGT.Grooms and exercise riders with BMI20 kg/m2 or with BMIor =25 kg/m2 compared to BMI=20.0-22.9 kg/m(2) had 2.5 to 3.5-fold higher age-adjusted risks of injuries. The multivariate hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) after adjustment for age, GGT, smoking habit, and history of injuries were 3.5 (1.5 to 8.4) and 2.4 (1.2 to 4.8) for grooms, 3.1 (1.2 to 8.2) and 1.9 (0.4 to 10.1) for exercise riders, respectively. The age-adjusted hazard ratio of injuries for persons with GGTor =100 IU/l was 2.0 to 2.5-fold higher than for those with GGT60 IU/l. The multivariate hazard ratios were 1.9 (1.0 to 3.6) for grooms and 2.5 (1.0 to 6.2) for exercise riders.Low and high BMI and high GGT were associated with professional horse racing-related injuries.

Published
2009

9. Alcohol Consumption, Social Support, and Risk of Stroke and Coronary Heart Disease Among Japanese Men: The JPHC Study

Author

Satoyo, Ikehara, Hiroyasu, Iso, Kazumasa, Yamagishi, Seiichiro, Yamamoto, Manami, Inoue, Shoichiro, Tsugane, and T, Kadowaki

Subjects
Adult, Male, Gerontology, medicine.medical_specialty, Alcohol Drinking, Medicine (miscellaneous), Coronary Disease, Disease, Toxicology, Cohort Studies, Social support, Japan, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Risk factor, Prospective cohort study, Stroke, Aged, Framingham Risk Score, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Social Support, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Health Surveys, Alcoholism, Psychiatry and Mental health, Multivariate Analysis, business, Follow-Up Studies, Cohort study
Abstract

Background: It is unclear whether the association between alcohol consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease is affected by social support. Methods: The prospective data for 19,356 men aged 40 to 69 years who participated in the Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study. Alcohol consumption was classified into 7 categories: never, past, occasional, 1 to 149, 150 to 299, 300 to 449, or ≥450 g ethanol/wk. Associations between alcohol consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease were stratified by the median level of social support score, which was measured in emotional support score of this cohort study. Results: During an average follow-up of 9.9 years, 629 total strokes and 207 coronary heart diseases were documented. Light-to-moderate alcohol consumption was associated with reduced risks of coronary heart disease and total cardiovascular disease, while heavy alcohol consumption was associated with increased risk of total stroke, in particular hemorrhagic stroke. When stratified by social support score, the multivariable hazard ratios of total cardiovascular disease associated with light-to-moderate alcohol consumption (1 to 299 g/wk) were 0.99 (0.72 to 1.37) in the low social support group and 0.56 (0.44 to 0.70) in the high social support group (p for interaction = 0.002), while the multivariable hazard ratios of hemorrhagic stroke associated with heavy alcohol consumption (≥300 g/wk) were 2.09 (1.03 to 4.27) in the low social support group and 1.25 (0.72 to 2.15) in the high social support group (p for interaction = 0.44). There was no interaction between alcohol consumption and social support in relation to risk of coronary heart disease. Conclusions: Social support may enhance the beneficial effect of light-to-moderate alcohol consumption on risk of cardiovascular disease.

Published
2009

10. Lack of association of soluble endothelial protein C receptor andPROCR6936A/G polymorphism with the risk of venous thromboembolism in a prospective study

Author

Kazumasa Yamagishi, Susan R. Heckbert, Michael Y. Tsai, Mary Cushman, and Aaron R. Folsom

Subjects
Male, Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, Genotype, Receptors, Cell Surface, Thrombophilia, Gastroenterology, Article, Antigens, CD, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, Odds Ratio, medicine, Coagulopathy, Humans, Prospective Studies, cardiovascular diseases, Prospective cohort study, Endothelial protein C receptor, Polymorphism, Genetic, business.industry, Case-control study, Endothelial Protein C Receptor, Venous Thromboembolism, Hematology, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Logistic Models, Case-Control Studies, Immunology, Female, business, Protein C, medicine.drug
Abstract

Prior case-control studies reported that levels of the soluble form of the endothelial protein C receptor (sEPCR) were strongly controlled by the PROCR 6963A/G polymorphism and higher levels were a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). We sought to prospectively examine the association of sEPCR and the 6963A/G polymorphism with the incidence of VTE. The Longitudinal Investigation of Thromboembolism Etiology (LITE) pooled data from the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) and the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study on men and women aged > or =45 years. A nested case-control study of 458 incident VTE and 1038 controls was performed. sEPCR levels were distributed trimodally according to 6963A/G polymorphism. Adjusting for age, sex and race, there was no overall association between sEPCR level and VTE: odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval] for highest versus lowest quartile = 1.17[0.86-1.59]. However, higher sEPCR was associated with VTE in non-whites (OR = 1.84[1.05-3.22]) and women (OR = 1.51[1.01-2.26]). The 6963A/G polymorphism was not associated with VTE risk (OR = 0.93[0.70-1.25]). In conclusion, sEPCR levels and the PROCR 6963A/G polymorphism were not associated overall with increased risk of VTE.

Published
2009

11. Alcohol Consumption Before Sleep Is Associated With Severity of Sleep-Disordered Breathing Among Professional Japanese Truck Drivers

Author

Hiroyasu Iso, Takeshi Tanigawa, Renzhe Cui, Susumu Sakurai, and Kazumasa Yamagishi

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Alcohol Drinking, Cross-sectional study, Medicine (miscellaneous), Poison control, Alcohol, Overweight, Toxicology, Body Mass Index, chemistry.chemical_compound, Japan, Injury prevention, Odds Ratio, medicine, Humans, Oximetry, Aged, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, Sleep apnea, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Health Surveys, nervous system diseases, Surgery, Occupational Diseases, Oxygen, Motor Vehicles, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cross-Sectional Studies, chemistry, medicine.symptom, business, Body mass index, Demography
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Alcohol consumption as well as overweight is known to aggravate the severity of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), but little is known about alcohol consumption in truck drivers. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between alcohol consumption and SDB among truck drivers. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 1,465 men aged 20-69 years who were registered with the Japanese Trucking Association. The 3% oxygen desaturation index (3%ODI) was selected as an indicator of SDB, representing the number of desaturation events per hour of recording time in which blood oxygen fell by > or =3% based on overnight pulse-oximetry. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire including alcohol consumption on the same night for SDB assessment. RESULTS: The prevalence of 3%ODI > or =5, > or =10, and > or =15/h was 25.4%, 11.1%, and 6.6% respectively. The multivariable odds ratios (OR) of 3%ODI > or = 10/h were 1.5(0.9-2.5) for 0.5 to or =1.0 g of alcohol intake/kg compared with non-drinkers. Similar associations with alcohol consumption were observed for 3%ODI > or =5 and > or =15/h. The relation between alcohol consumption (> or =1.0 g of alcohol intake/kg) and 3%ODI > or = 10/h tended to be more evident among men with body mass index (BMI) or = 23.4 kg/m(2) [11.4 (3.2-41) vs. 1.2 (0.6-2.7), p = 0.18 for interaction]. A similar trend was observed for 3%ODI > or= 5/h. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of undiagnosed SDB and the significant association of alcohol consumption with SDB severity emphasize the need for SDB screening and alcohol modification as well as weight control to prevent and control SDB among truck drivers. Language: en

Published
2007

12. G-Protein ?-3 Subunit C825T Polymorphism, Sodium and Arterial Blood Pressure: A Community-Based Study of Japanese Men and Women

Author

Minako Tabata, Takashi Shimamoto, Hiroyasu Iso, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Takeshi Tanigawa, Masayuki Yao, Renzhe Cui, and Ai Ikeda

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Genotype, Sodium, Population, chemistry.chemical_element, Blood Pressure, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Excretion, Asian People, Japan, Polymorphism (computer science), Internal medicine, Genetics, medicine, Humans, education, Genetics (clinical), Aged, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Sodium, Dietary, Middle Aged, Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins, Blood pressure, Endocrinology, chemistry, Hypertension, Female, business, Body mass index, Low sodium
Abstract

Epidemiological evidence on gene-environment effects of the G-protein beta-3 subunit C825T polymorphisms and sodium on blood pressure in the free-living general population is limited. We examined the associations between the C825T polymorphism and blood pressure levels, stratified by the sodium variables estimated by 24-h urinary sodium excretion and a dietary questionnaire, among 1,471 men and women aged 30-74 from a community in Japan. Our a priori hypothesis was that individuals with the 825T allele have elevated blood pressure among subjects with a high sodium intake. Among the whole group, the systolic blood pressure level was +2.2 mmHg (p = 0.10) higher in TT than CC genotype individuals after adjustment for sex, age, antihypertensive medication use, body mass index, and alcohol consumption. This difference was more evident among individuals with low sodium excretion (+4.5 mmHg, p = 0.01), low present sodium intake (+3.2 mmHg, p = 0.11), and low past sodium intake (+4.8 mmHg, p = 0.02). No associations were observed among those with high sodium variables. Our results indicate that the G-protein beta-3 subunit C825T polymorphism is associated with higher systolic blood pressure levels in a large free-living Japanese population, and more specifically in women with a low sodium intake. This finding helps to explain part of the discrepancy between the previously reported genetic association among different ethnic groups.

Published
2006

13. Relationships of Craniofacial Morphology and Body Mass Index with Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Japanese Men

Author

Hiroyasu Iso, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Ai Ikeda, Naoko Tachibana, Takeshi Tanigawa, Takashi Shimamoto, Mutsumi Okura, and Masayuki Yao

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Dentistry, Odds ratio, Overweight, Confidence interval, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Otorhinolaryngology, Quartile, medicine, Mass index, Nasion, medicine.symptom, Craniofacial, business, Body mass index
Abstract

Objective/Hypothesis: Obesity is an established risk factor for sleep-disordered breathing, but the impact of craniofacial morphology is uncertain. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of craniofacial morphology and body weight on sleep-disordered breathing in Japanese men. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: We measured body mass index, seven cephalometric variables, and 3% oxygen desaturation index recorded by a pulse oximeter in 313 Japanese men aged 20 to 65 years who attended a sleep clinic. We defined craniofacial score as the sums of quartile points (0–3) for distance from sella to nasion and that from hyoid bone to mandibular plane. Results: The mean value of 3% oxygen desaturation index and odds ratios of 3% oxygen desaturation index 15 or greater progressively increased with craniofacial score as well as body mass index. Multivariate odds ratios associated with craniofacial score were higher in men with body mass index 25.0 kg/m2 or greater (odds ratio = 4.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.1–8.6) than in men with lower body mass index (odds ratio = 1.6, 95% CI = 0.7–3.6). Conclusions: Our results imply the importance of cephalometric assessment in overweight patients.

Published
2004

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