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1. Value of quantitative microsurface structure analysis for evaluating the invasion depth of type 0–II early gastric cancer

Author

Zhang‐Xiu Jiang, Yun‐Xiao Liang, Peng‐Yu Huang, Jia‐Juan Ning, and Jing‐Jing Qi

Subjects
area ratio, depth‐predicting score, endoscopic ultrasonography, invasion depth, microsurface structure, type 0–II early gastric cancer, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Abstract Background and Aim The microsurface structure reflects the degree of damage to the glands, which is related to the invasion depth of early gastric cancer. To evaluate the diagnostic value of quantitative microsurface structure analysis for estimating the invasion depth of early gastric cancer. Methods White‐light imaging and narrow‐band imaging (NBI) endoscopy were used to visualize the lesions of the included patients. The area ratio and depth‐predicting score (DPS) of each patient were calculated; meanwhile, each lesion was examined by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS). Results Ninety‐three patients were included between 2016 and 2019. Microsurface structure is related to the histological differentiation and progression of early gastric cancer. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that when an area ratio of 80.3% was used as a cut‐off value for distinguishing mucosal (M) and submucosal (SM) type 0–II gastric cancers, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 82.9%, 80.2%, and 91.6%, respectively. The accuracies for distinguishing M/SM differentiated and undifferentiated early gastric cancers were 87.4% and 84.8%, respectively. The accuracy of EUS for distinguishing M/SM early gastric cancer was 74.9%. DPS can only distinguish M‐SM1 (SM infiltration

Published
2024
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3. Genomic and tumour microenvironmental biomarkers of immune checkpoint inhibitor response in advanced Taiwanese melanoma

Author

John Wen‐Cheng Chang, Chien‐Jung Huang, Wen‐Kuan Huang, Yu‐Chao Wang, Jia‐Juan Hsieh, Yao‐Yu Chang, Yen‐Lin Huang, Chia‐Ling Wu, Yeh‐Han Wang, Shu‐Jen Chen, Kien Thiam Tan, Chiao‐Ping Chen, and Chiao‐En Wu

Subjects
genomic and TME biomarkers, ICIs, melanoma, p53, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Abstract Objective Genomic biomarkers predicting immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment outcomes for Asian metastatic melanoma have been rarely reported. This study presents data on next‐generation sequencing (NGS) and tumour microenvironment biomarkers in 33 cases. Methods Thirty‐three patients with advanced melanoma, who underwent ICI treatment at the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Taiwan, were recruited. The study evaluated clinical outcomes, including response rate, disease control rate, progression‐free survival (PFS) rate and overall survival (OS) rate. Archived tissue samples from 33 cases were subjected to NGS by ACTOnco, and ACTTME was employed in 25 cases. Results The most prevalent driver mutations were BRAF mutations (24.2%), followed by NRAS (15.2%), KIT (12.1%), KRAS (9.1%) and NF1 (9.1%) mutations. Acral/mucosal melanomas exhibited distinct mutation patterns compared to non‐acral melanomas. Tumour mutational burden estimated using ACTOnco was not associated with ICI efficacy. Notably, genetic alterations in the p53 pathway (CDKNA2 loss, MDM2 gain/amplification and TP53 mutation) accounted for 36.4% and were significantly associated with unfavourable PFS (median PFS 2.7 months vs. 3.9 months, P = 0.0394). Moreover, 26 genes were identified as differentially expressed genes that were upregulated in patients with clinical benefits compared to those without benefits. Four genes, GZMH, GZMK, AIM2 and CTLA4, were found to be associated with both PFS and OS. Conclusion Genetic alterations in the p53 pathway may be critical in Asian patients with melanoma undergoing ICI treatment. Further investigation is required to explore this mechanism and validate these findings.

Published
2023
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7. Molecular14 Cevidence for contrasting turnover and temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter components

Author

Jia, Juan, primary, Liu, Zongguang, additional, Haghipour, Negar, additional, Wacker, Lukas, additional, Zhang, Hailong, additional, Sierra, Carlos A., additional, Ma, Tian, additional, Wang, Yiyun, additional, Chen, Litong, additional, Luo, Ao, additional, Wang, Zhiheng, additional, He, Jin‐Sheng, additional, Zhao, Meixun, additional, Eglinton, Timothy I., additional, and Feng, Xiaojuan, additional

Published
2023
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8. Genomic and tumour microenvironmental biomarkers of immune checkpoint inhibitor response in advanced Taiwanese melanoma

Author

Chang, John Wen‐Cheng, primary, Huang, Chien‐Jung, additional, Huang, Wen‐Kuan, additional, Wang, Yu‐Chao, additional, Hsieh, Jia‐Juan, additional, Chang, Yao‐Yu, additional, Huang, Yen‐Lin, additional, Wu, Chia‐Ling, additional, Wang, Yeh‐Han, additional, Chen, Shu‐Jen, additional, Tan, Kien Thiam, additional, Chen, Chiao‐Ping, additional, and Wu, Chiao‐En, additional

Published
2023
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13. A comparison of immunohistochemical and molecular methods used for analyzing theBRAFV600E gene mutation in malignant melanoma in Taiwan

Author

Chia-Hsun Hsieh, Jia-Juan Hsieh, Chiao-En Wu, Todd Hsu, Wen-Kuan Huang, Hsin-Yi Cheng, Yung-Chi Shen, Ming-Mo Hou, John Wen-Cheng Chang, and Tseng-Tong Kuo

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Concordance, Gene mutation, medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, neoplasms, Sanger sequencing, Mutation, biology, business.industry, Melanoma, General Medicine, medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, 030104 developmental biology, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, symbols, biology.protein, Cancer research, Immunohistochemistry, Antibody, business, V600E
Abstract

Aims The BRAF V600 mutation has been shown to be clinically meaningful in terms of both the prognosis and sensitivity of BRAF inhibitors in patients with metastatic melanoma. Recently, a BRAF V600E mutation-specific antibody, VE1, was generated for the detection of tumors bearing BRAF V600E mutations. To determine the clinical value of immunohistochemical testing, we compared the prevalence of mutant BRAF detected by VE1 with direct sequencing results. Methods Paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed melanoma biopsies were analyzed for the BRAF mutation status by immunohistochemistry with the VE1 antibody. Sanger sequencing was applied to verify the immunohistochemical results. Results A total of 73 melanoma cases with tumor samples from primary lymph nodes and metastatic sites were selected for this study. Direct sequencing demonstrated that 18 of 73 cases (24.6%) harbored the BRAF V600 mutation: 17 with V600E and one with V600K. All 18 tumors shown to harbor the BRAF V600E/K mutations were VE1-positive. One additional case was false-positive for VE1. The sensitivity and specificity of VE1 was 100% (18/18) and 98% (54/55), respectively. The overall concordance between the immunohistochemical method and direct sequencing was excellent (98.6%). Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that immunohistochemical analysis using VE1 constitutes a highly sensitive test for the detection of BRAF mutations and suggest that this cost-effective method is suitable as a rapid diagnostic approach complementary to molecular testing.

Published
2016

14. Climate warming alters subsoil but not topsoil carbon dynamics in alpine grassland

Author

Jia, Juan, primary, Cao, Zhenjiao, additional, Liu, Chengzhu, additional, Zhang, Zhenhua, additional, Lin, Li, additional, Wang, Yiyun, additional, Haghipour, Negar, additional, Wacker, Lukas, additional, Bao, Hongyan, additional, Dittmar, Thorston, additional, Simpson, Myrna J., additional, Yang, Huan, additional, Crowther, Thomas W., additional, Eglinton, Timothy I., additional, He, Jin‐Sheng, additional, and Feng, Xiaojuan, additional

Published
2019
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17. Reversed mutation rates ofKRASandEGFRgenes in adenocarcinoma of the lung in Taiwan and their implications

Author

Shiu-Feng Huang, Meng-Shu Hsieh, Yi-Rong Chen, John Wen-Cheng Chang, Jia-Juan Hsieh, Hui-Ping Liu, Ya-Ting Chen, Chun-Chieh Wu, Hui-Yu Hsu, and Wen-Yu Hsieh

Subjects
Adult, Male, Cancer Research, Mutation rate, Lung Neoplasms, DNA Mutational Analysis, Molecular Sequence Data, Taiwan, Adenocarcinoma, medicine.disease_cause, medicine, Adenocarcinoma of the lung, Humans, Lung cancer, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, neoplasms, Aged, Mutation, business.industry, Cancer, Genes, erbB-1, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, respiratory tract diseases, KRAS Mutation Analysis, Genes, ras, Oncology, Cancer research, Female, KRAS, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND. In western countries, the Kirsten ras oncogene homolog gene (KRAS) mutation rate is high in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially in those with adenocarcinoma (30%-50%), but the epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) mutation rate is very low (3%-8%). In addition, KRAS mutations reportedly were associated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) resistance. In Taiwan, high EGFR mutation rates associated with high EGFR-TKI response rates in patients with NSCLC have been reported; however, KRAS mutation data are limited and have not been correlated with TKI response. METHODS. KRAS mutation analysis was performed on 237 NSCLC specimens, and the results were correlated with clinicopathologic features. All but 2 tumors also underwent EGFR mutation analysis. RESULTS. KRAS mutations were identified in only 9 of 237 patients (3.80%). Five patients were women who were nonsmokers, and 4 patients were men who were ever-smokers. The mutation rate was 5.03% in patients with adenocarcinoma (8 of 159 patients) and 1.56% in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (1 of 64 patients). Four mutations were G12V, 3 mutations were G12D, 1 mutation was L19F, and 1 was the duplication insertion mutation dupT50_M72. In contrast, EGFR mutations were detected in 96 of 235 patients (40.8%) and in 90 of 157 adenocarcinomas (57.3%). None of the KRAS mutations coexisted with EGFR mutations. KRAS mutations were not associated significantly with any clinicopathologic characteristics, including smoking status. Among the 53 patients who had received TKI monotreatment, only 1 patient had a KRAS mutation and had progressive disease. CONCLUSIONS. The KRAS mutation rate was too low to play a significant role in TKI resistance or tumorigenesis among Taiwanese patients with NSCLC, which was the complete reverse of the results reported in western countries. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.

Published
2008

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