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1. Testing the evolutionary drivers of malaria parasite rhythms and their consequences for host–parasite interactions

Author

Jacob G. Holland, Kimberley F. Prior, Aidan J. O'Donnell, and Sarah E. Reece

Subjects
circadian rhythm, fitness, fitness proxies, intra‐erythrocytic development cycle, Plasmodium, transmission, Evolution, QH359-425
Abstract

Abstract Undertaking certain activities at the time of day that maximises fitness is assumed to explain the evolution of circadian clocks. Organisms often use daily environmental cues such as light and food availability to set the timing of their clocks. These cues may be the environmental rhythms that ultimately determine fitness, act as proxies for the timing of less tractable ultimate drivers, or are used simply to maintain internal synchrony. While many pathogens/parasites undertake rhythmic activities, both the proximate and ultimate drivers of their rhythms are poorly understood. Explaining the roles of rhythms in infections offers avenues for novel interventions to interfere with parasite fitness and reduce the severity and spread of disease. Here, we perturb several rhythms in the hosts of malaria parasites to investigate why parasites align their rhythmic replication to the host's feeding‐fasting rhythm. We manipulated host rhythms governed by light, food or both, and assessed the fitness implications for parasites, and the consequences for hosts, to test which host rhythms represent ultimate drivers of the parasite's rhythm. We found that alignment with the host's light‐driven rhythms did not affect parasite fitness metrics. In contrast, aligning with the timing of feeding‐fasting rhythms may be beneficial for the parasite, but only when the host possess a functional canonical circadian clock. Because parasites in clock‐disrupted hosts align with the host's feeding‐fasting rhythms and yet derive no apparent benefit, our results suggest cue(s) from host food act as a proxy rather than being a key selective driver of the parasite's rhythm. Alternatively, parasite rhythmicity may only be beneficial because it promotes synchrony between parasite cells and/or allows parasites to align to the biting rhythms of vectors. Our results also suggest that interventions can disrupt parasite rhythms by targeting the proxies or the selective factors driving them without impacting host health.

Published
2024
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2. Microdebrider complications in sinus surgery: Analysis of the openFDA database

Author

Elias S. Saba, Jacob Hoerter, Jeremy Chang, David W. Chou, Chris Xiao, Jacob G. Eide, Rijul S. Kshirsagar, James N. Palmer, and Nithin D. Adappa

Subjects
device failure, microdebrider, openFDA, outcomes, sinus, Otorhinolaryngology, RF1-547, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Abstract Objective Functional endoscopic sinus surgery is a commonly performed otolaryngologic procedure that often uses the microdebrider device for tissue removal. Given the ubiquitous nature of the instrument, we sought to better define the patterns of device failure using the postmarket surveillance openFDA database. Methods The openFDA database was queried for all microdebrider‐related adverse events from January 1, 2000 to November 1, 2020. Descriptive information on the nature of device failure and any associated patient injury was compiled. Reports not directly related to device failure were excluded from the analysis. Results A total of 641 events were included in the analysis. The most common device failure was overheating (n = 348, 54.3%), followed by material separation (n = 173, 27%), and inconsistent device activation (n = 52, 8.1%). Of the reported events, the vast majority did not result in patient harm (n = 579, 90.3%). On review of the remaining cases, only 24 events (3.7%) resulted in true harm to the patient, defined as a temporary or permanent injury or >30 min of additional anesthesia time. Of these cases, the need to reschedule surgical cases (n = 5, 0.8%), retained foreign body (n = 5, 0.8%), and thermal tissue injury (n = 3,0.5%) were the most common. Five patients suffered an injury due to surgeon error unrelated to device malfunction (n = 5, 0.8%). Conclusions Microdebrider device failures are extremely rare. When they do occur, less than 10% result in patient harm. In cases of patient harm related to microdebrider failure, preoperative testing of the device before use could prevent many of the reported malfunctions.

Published
2023
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3. Postoperative mometasone irrigations improve quality of life in skull base tumor patients

Author

Mandy K. Salmon, Rijul S. Kshirsagar, Jacob G. Eide, Auddie M. Sweis, Kathleen Davin, Aman Prasad, Heather Ungerer, Elizabeth Stevens, Kevin Ig‐Izevbekhai, Siddhant Tripathi, Tran B. Locke, Theodore Lin, Brian M. Sweis, Michael A. Kohanski, Nithin D. Adappa, and James N. Palmer

Subjects
postoperative steroid irrigations, skull base tumors, Otorhinolaryngology, RF1-547, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Abstract Objectives The use of topical corticosteroids to manage postoperative sinonasal symptoms after endoscopic skull base surgery (ESBS) has not been well studied. We quantified long‐term impact of postoperative steroid irrigations (SIs) on quality of life of patients after ESBS. Methods Retrospective review of patients at the University of Pennsylvania undergoing ESBS from 2010 to 2019. Data on patient demographics and postoperative treatment with nasal saline irrigation twice daily with and without dissolved steroids (mometasone or budesonide) was collected. Preoperative, and 1‐, 3‐, 6‐, 12‐, 18‐, and 24‐month postoperative Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) scores were assessed. Results A total of 727 patients were assessed (53.4% males), with 479 patients in the no SI group and 248 patients in the SI group. Preoperative SNOT‐22 scores did not differ significantly (P = 0.19). 1‐, 3‐, 6‐, 12‐, 18‐, and 24‐month post‐op SNOT‐22 scores did not significantly differ between groups. However, mometasone irrigations resulted in significantly lower postoperative 2‐year SNOT‐22 scores compared to budesonide (P

Published
2023
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4. If you build it, they will come: Coastal amenities facilitate human engagement in marine protected areas

Author

Christopher M. Free, Joshua G. Smith, Cori J. Lopazanski, Julien Brun, Tessa B. Francis, Jacob G. Eurich, Joachim Claudet, Jenifer E. Dugan, David A. Gill, Scott L. Hamilton, Kristin Kaschner, David Mouillot, Shelby L. Ziegler, Jennifer E. Caselle, and Kerry J. Nickols

Subjects
California, citizen science, community engagement, human dimensions, human use, marine protected areas, Human ecology. Anthropogeography, GF1-900, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Abstract Calls for using marine protected areas (MPAs) to achieve goals for nature and people are increasing globally. While the conservation and fisheries impacts of MPAs have been comparatively well‐studied, impacts on other dimensions of human use have received less attention. Understanding how humans engage with MPAs and identifying traits of MPAs that promote engagement is critical to designing MPA networks that achieve multiple goals effectively, equitably and with minimal environmental impact. In this paper, we characterize human engagement in California's MPA network, the world's largest MPA network scientifically designed to function as a coherent network (124 MPAs spanning 16% of state waters and 1300 km of coastline) and identify traits associated with higher human engagement. We assemble and compare diverse indicators of human engagement that capture recreational, educational and scientific activities across California's MPAs. We find that human engagement is correlated with nearby population density and that site “charisma” can expand human engagement beyond what would be predicted based on population density alone. Charismatic MPAs tend to be located near tourist destinations, have long sandy beaches and be adjacent to state parks and associated amenities. In contrast, underutilized MPAs were often more remote and lacked both sandy beaches and parking lot access. Synthesis and applications: These results suggest that achieving MPA goals associated with human engagement can be promoted by developing land‐based amenities that increase access to coastal MPAs or by locating new MPAs near existing amenities during the design phase. Alternatively, human engagement can be limited by locating MPAs in areas far from population centres, coastal amenities or sandy beaches. Furthermore, managers may want to prioritize monitoring, enforcement, education and outreach programmes in MPAs with traits that predict high human engagement. Understanding the extent to which human engagement impacts the conservation performance of MPAs is a critical next step to designing MPAs that minimize tradeoffs among potentially competing objectives. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

Published
2023
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5. Circadian transcriptome processing and analysis: a workflow for muscle stem cells

Author

Valentina Sica, Oleg Deryagin, Jacob G. Smith, and Pura Muñoz‐Canoves

Subjects
bioinformatics, circadian rhythms, muscle stem cells, satellite cells, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Circadian rhythms coordinate biological processes with Earth's 24‐h daily light/dark cycle. In the last years, efforts in the field of chronobiology have sought to understand the ways in which the circadian clock controls transcription across tissues and cells. This has been supported by the development of different bioinformatic approaches that allow the identification of 24‐h oscillating transcripts. This workflow aims to describe how to isolate muscle stem cells for RNA sequencing analysis from a typical circadian experiment and introduces bioinformatic tools suitable for the analysis of circadian transcriptomes.

Published
2023
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6. Carcinosarcoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses: Review of the national cancer database

Author

Jacob C. Harris, Jacob G. Eide, Rijul S. Kshirsagar, Jason A. Brant, James N. Palmer, and Nithin D. Adappa

Subjects
cancer, carcinosarcoma, National Cancer Database, NCDB, outcomes, sinonasal, Otorhinolaryngology, RF1-547, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Abstract Background Carcinosarcomas are rare, aggressive malignancies that can arise in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. There are limited outcome data available. Accordingly, we sought to use the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to characterize patient demographics and outcomes. Method A retrospective analysis of the NCDB from 2004 to 2016 for patients with sinonasal carcinosarcoma was conducted. Results Thirty patients were included. The patients were predominantly male (n = 20), white (n = 23), and privately insured (n = 15), with an average age of 62.4 years. The nasal cavity was the most common subsite (n = 14), followed by the maxillary sinus (n = 8). Most patient were treated with surgery followed by radiation (n = 23), with the remaining undergoing surgery alone (n = 4), radiation alone (n = 2), or no treatment (n = 1). One‐third (n = 10) received adjuvant chemotherapy. The 1‐ and 5‐year overall survival (OS) in the cohort were 79.2% and 43.3%, respectively. Univariate log‐rank testing showed OS varied based on intervention (P

Published
2023
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7. Demographic and pathologic factor regression to a growth rate model of p16‐negative oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma

Author

Jacob G. J. Wihlidal, Keng Yeow Tay, S. Danielle MacNeil, Anthony C. Nichols, Kevin Fung, John H. J. Yoo, and Adrian I. Mendez

Subjects
computed tomography, growth rate, oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, risk factors, tumor growth modeling, Otorhinolaryngology, RF1-547, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Abstract Objectives The current study aims to quantify the growth rate of p16‐negative oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, characterize causative relationships between demographic risk factors and tumor growth, and examine pathologic findings associated with the tumor growth rate at a tertiary care institution. It is hypothesized that causative relationships will be drawn between the individual sociodemographic and pathologic factors and oral cavity p16‐negative squamous cell carcinoma growth rate. Methods Prospectively recruited participants, receiving surgical intervention only, were followed from initial staging CT scan to surgical resection. Interval growth was calculated in cm3/week. Demographic information including age, sex, smoking history, alcohol consumption history, previous all‐type malignancy, previous chemotherapy treatment, previous head or neck radiation exposure, and time interval elapsed between diagnosis and surgery was collected from each participant, and regression analysis was applied to determine causality. Results Summary statistics revealed a mean growth rate for the study sample of 1.385cm3/week. Statistically significant regression correlations were detected between tumor growth and alcohol consumption, origination at the retromolar trigone, and clinical nodal stage. Conclusions Through a small prospective cohort sample, the current study suggests clinical associations between alcohol consumption, origination at the retromolar trigone, and clinical nodal stage with rate of tumor growth. Future work will validate these relationships in a larger patient cohort, and against stronger modeling techniques. Level of Evidence Prospective non‐random cohort design.

Published
2022
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8. Muscle‐specific functional deficits and lifelong fibrosis in response to paediatric radiotherapy and tumour elimination

Author

Jacob G. Kallenbach, John F. Bachman, Nicole D. Paris, Roméo S. Blanc, Thomas O'Connor, Esraa Furati, Eric Hernady, Carl J. Johnston, Jacqueline P. Williams, and Joe V. Chakkalakal

Subjects
Sarcopenia, Ageing, Development, Stem cell, Regeneration, Musculoskeletal, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935, Human anatomy, QM1-695
Abstract

Abstract Background As paediatric cancer survivors are living into adulthood, they suffer from the age‐related, accelerated decline of functional skeletal muscle tissue, termed sarcopenia. With ionizing radiation (radiotherapy) at the core of paediatric cancer therapies, its direct and indirect effects can have lifelong negative impacts on paediatric growth and maintenance of skeletal muscle. Utilizing our recently developed preclinical rhabdomyosarcoma mouse model, we investigated the late effects of paediatric radiation treatment on skeletal muscles from late adolescent (8 weeks old) and middle‐aged (16 months old) mice. Methods Paediatric C57BL/6J male mice (3 weeks old) were injected with rhabdomyosarcoma cells into their right hindlimbs, and then fractionated irradiation (3 × 8.2 Gy) was administered to those limbs at 4 weeks old to eliminate the tumours. Radiation‐alone and tumour‐irradiated mice were assessed at either 8 weeks (3 weeks post‐irradiation) or 16 months (14 months post‐irradiation) of age for muscle physiology, myofibre characteristics, cell loss, histopathology, fibrosis, inflammatory gene expression, and fibrotic gene expression. Results Mice that received only paediatric radiation demonstrated reduced muscle mass (−17%, P

Published
2022
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9. Priorities for synthesis research in ecology and environmental science

Author

Benjamin S. Halpern, Carl Boettiger, Michael C. Dietze, Jessica A. Gephart, Patrick Gonzalez, Nancy B. Grimm, Peter M. Groffman, Jessica Gurevitch, Sarah E. Hobbie, Kimberly J. Komatsu, Kristy J. Kroeker, Heather J. Lahr, David M. Lodge, Christopher J. Lortie, Julie S. S. Lowndes, Fiorenza Micheli, Hugh P. Possingham, Mary H. Ruckelshaus, Courtney Scarborough, Chelsea L. Wood, Grace C. Wu, Lina Aoyama, Eva E. Arroyo, Christie A. Bahlai, Erin E. Beller, Rachael E. Blake, Karrigan S. Bork, Trevor A. Branch, Norah E. M. Brown, Julien Brun, Emilio M. Bruna, Lauren B. Buckley, Jessica L. Burnett, Max C. N. Castorani, Samantha H. Cheng, Sarah C. Cohen, Jessica L. Couture, Larry B. Crowder, Laura E. Dee, Arildo S. Dias, Ignacio J. Diaz‐Maroto, Martha R. Downs, Joan C. Dudney, Erle C. Ellis, Kyle A. Emery, Jacob G. Eurich, Bridget E. Ferriss, Alexa Fredston, Hikaru Furukawa, Sara A. Gagné, Sarah R. Garlick, Colin J. Garroway, Kaitlyn M. Gaynor, Angélica L. González, Eliza M. Grames, Tamar Guy‐Haim, Ed Hackett, Lauren M. Hallett, Tamara K. Harms, Danielle E. Haulsee, Kyle J. Haynes, Elliott L. Hazen, Rebecca M. Jarvis, Kristal Jones, Gaurav S. Kandlikar, Dustin W. Kincaid, Matthew L. Knope, Anil Koirala, Jurek Kolasa, John S. Kominoski, Julia Koricheva, Lesley T. Lancaster, Jake A. Lawlor, Heili E. Lowman, Frank E. Muller‐Karger, Kari E. A. Norman, Nan Nourn, Casey C. O'Hara, Suzanne X. Ou, Jacqueline L. Padilla‐Gamino, Paula Pappalardo, Ryan A. Peek, Dominique Pelletier, Stephen Plont, Lauren C. Ponisio, Cristina Portales‐Reyes, Diogo B. Provete, Eric J. Raes, Carlos Ramirez‐Reyes, Irene Ramos, Sydne Record, Anthony J. Richardson, Roberto Salguero‐Gómez, Erin V. Satterthwaite, Chloé Schmidt, Aaron J. Schwartz, Craig R. See, Brendan D. Shea, Rachel S. Smith, Eric R. Sokol, Christopher T. Solomon, Trisha Spanbauer, Paris V. Stefanoudis, Beckett W. Sterner, Vitor Sudbrack, Jonathan D. Tonkin, Ashley R. Townes, Mireia Valle, Jonathan A. Walter, Kathryn I. Wheeler, William R. Wieder, David R. Williams, Marten Winter, Barbora Winterova, Lucy C. Woodall, Adam S. Wymore, and Casey Youngflesh

Subjects
complexity, coupled systems, diversity, ecological scale, justice, predictability, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Abstract Synthesis research in ecology and environmental science improves understanding, advances theory, identifies research priorities, and supports management strategies by linking data, ideas, and tools. Accelerating environmental challenges increases the need to focus synthesis science on the most pressing questions. To leverage input from the broader research community, we convened a virtual workshop with participants from many countries and disciplines to examine how and where synthesis can address key questions and themes in ecology and environmental science in the coming decade. Seven priority research topics emerged: (1) diversity, equity, inclusion, and justice (DEIJ), (2) human and natural systems, (3) actionable and use‐inspired science, (4) scale, (5) generality, (6) complexity and resilience, and (7) predictability. Additionally, two issues regarding the general practice of synthesis emerged: the need for increased participant diversity and inclusive research practices; and increased and improved data flow, access, and skill‐building. These topics and practices provide a strategic vision for future synthesis in ecology and environmental science.

Published
2023
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10. Cost–benefit analysis of ecosystem modeling to support fisheries management

Author

Holden, Matthew H., primary, Plagányi, Eva E., additional, Fulton, Elizabeth A., additional, Campbell, Alexander B., additional, Janes, Rachel, additional, Lovett, Robyn A., additional, Wickens, Montana, additional, Adams, Matthew P., additional, Botelho, Larissa Lubiana, additional, Dichmont, Catherine M., additional, Erm, Philip, additional, Helmstedt, Kate J., additional, Heneghan, Ryan F., additional, Mendiolar, Manuela, additional, Richardson, Anthony J., additional, Rogers, Jacob G. D., additional, Saunders, Kate, additional, and Timms, Liam, additional

Published
2024
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11. Risk‐reducing mastectomy decisions among women with mutations in high‐ and moderate‐ penetrance breast cancer susceptibility genes

Author

Jacob G. Comeaux, Julie O. Culver, John E. Lee, Danielle Dondanville, Heather L. McArthur, Emily Quinn, Nicholas Gorman, Charité Ricker, Ming Li, and Caryn Lerman

Subjects
BRCA1/2, breast cancer, decision‐making, mastectomy, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Background Women harboring mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes are at increased lifetime risk of developing breast cancer and are faced with decisions about risk management, including whether to undergo high‐risk screening or risk‐reducing mastectomy (RRM). National guidelines recommend BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers consider RRM, but that carriers of moderate penetrance mutations (e.g., ATM or CHEK2) should be managed based on family history. We aimed to investigate determinants of decision for RRM, and hypothesized that mutation status, age, family history, partner status, and breast cancer would impact RRM decision making. Methods We performed a retrospective study assessing RRM decisions for 279 women. Results Women with BRCA and moderate penetrance gene mutations, a personal history of breast cancer, or a first degree relative with a history of breast cancer were more likely to undergo RRM. Breast cancer status and age showed an interaction effect such that women with breast cancer were less likely to undergo RRM with increasing age. Conclusion Although national guidelines do not recommend RRM for moderate penetrance carriers, the rates of RRM for this population approached those for BRCA mutation carriers. Further insights are needed to better support RRM decision‐making in this population.

Published
2022
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13. Levosimendan, milrinone, and dobutamine in experimental acute pulmonary embolism

Author

Mads D. Lyhne, Simone J. Dragsbaek, Jacob V. Hansen, Jacob G. Schultz, Asger Andersen, and Jens Erik Nielsen-Kudsk

Subjects
Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Acute pulmonary embolism is a frequent condition in emergency medicine and potentially fatal. Cause of death is right ventricular failure due to increased right ventricular afterload from both pulmonary vascular obstruction and vasoconstriction. Inodilators are interesting drugs of choice as they may improve right ventricular function and lower its afterload. We aimed to investigate the cardiovascular effects of three clinically relevant inodilators: levosimendan, milrinone, and dobutamine in acute pulmonary embolism. We conducted a randomized, blinded, animal study using 18 female pigs. Animals received large autologous pulmonary embolism until doubling of baseline mean pulmonary arterial pressure and were randomized to increasing doses of each inodilator. Effects were evaluated with bi-ventricular pressure–volume loop recordings, right heart catheterization, and blood gas analyses. Induction of pulmonary embolism increased right ventricular afterload and pulmonary pressure ( p

Published
2021
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16. Diverse pathways for climate resilience in marine fishery systems

Author

Eurich, Jacob G., primary, Friedman, Whitney R., additional, Kleisner, Kristin M., additional, Zhao, Lily Z., additional, Free, Christopher M., additional, Fletcher, Meghan, additional, Mason, Julia G., additional, Tokunaga, Kanae, additional, Aguion, Alba, additional, Dell'Apa, Andrea, additional, Dickey‐Collas, Mark, additional, Fujita, Rod, additional, Golden, Christopher D., additional, Hollowed, Anne B., additional, Ishimura, Gakushi, additional, Karr, Kendra A., additional, Kasperski, Stephen, additional, Kisara, Yuga, additional, Lau, Jacqueline D., additional, Mangubhai, Sangeeta, additional, Osman, Layla, additional, Pecl, Gretta T., additional, Schmidt, Jörn O., additional, Allison, Edward H., additional, Sullivan, Patrick J., additional, Cinner, Joshua E., additional, Griffis, Roger B., additional, McClanahan, Timothy R., additional, Stedman, Richard C., additional, and Mills, Katherine E., additional

Published
2023
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17. Impact of Frailty on Postoperative Outcomes in Extended Endonasal Skull Base Surgery for Suprasellar Pathologies

Author

Kshirsagar, Rijul S., primary, Eide, Jacob G., additional, Qatanani, Anas, additional, Harris, Jacob, additional, Abello, Eric H., additional, Roman, Kelsey M., additional, Vasudev, Milind, additional, Jackson, Christina, additional, Lee, John Y.K., additional, Kuan, Edward C., additional, Palmer, James N., additional, and Adappa, Nithin D., additional

Published
2023
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18. International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Sinonasal tumors

Author

Kuan, Edward C., primary, Wang, Eric W., additional, Adappa, Nithin D., additional, Beswick, Daniel M., additional, London, Nyall R., additional, Su, Shirley Y., additional, Wang, Marilene B., additional, Abuzeid, Waleed M., additional, Alexiev, Borislav, additional, Alt, Jeremiah A., additional, Antognoni, Paolo, additional, Alonso‐Basanta, Michelle, additional, Batra, Pete S., additional, Bhayani, Mihir, additional, Bell, Diana, additional, Bernal‐Sprekelsen, Manuel, additional, Betz, Christian S., additional, Blay, Jean‐Yves, additional, Bleier, Benjamin S., additional, Bonilla‐Velez, Juliana, additional, Callejas, Claudio, additional, Carrau, Ricardo L., additional, Casiano, Roy R., additional, Castelnuovo, Paolo, additional, Chandra, Rakesh K., additional, Chatzinakis, Vasileios, additional, Chen, Simon B., additional, Chiu, Alexander G., additional, Choby, Garret, additional, Chowdhury, Naweed I., additional, Citardi, Martin J., additional, Cohen, Marc A., additional, Dagan, Roi, additional, Dalfino, Gianluca, additional, Dallan, Iacopo, additional, Dassi, Camila Soares, additional, de Almeida, John, additional, Tos, Angelo P. Dei, additional, DelGaudio, John M., additional, Ebert, Charles S., additional, El‐Sayed, Ivan H., additional, Eloy, Jean Anderson, additional, Evans, James J., additional, Fang, Christina H., additional, Farrell, Nyssa F., additional, Ferrari, Marco, additional, Fischbein, Nancy, additional, Folbe, Adam, additional, Fokkens, Wytske J., additional, Fox, Meha G., additional, Lund, Valerie J., additional, Gallia, Gary L., additional, Gardner, Paul A., additional, Geltzeiler, Mathew, additional, Georgalas, Christos, additional, Getz, Anne E., additional, Govindaraj, Satish, additional, Gray, Stacey T., additional, Grayson, Jessica W., additional, Gross, Bradley A., additional, Grube, Jordon G., additional, Guo, Ruifeng, additional, Ha, Patrick K., additional, Halderman, Ashleigh A., additional, Hanna, Ehab Y., additional, Harvey, Richard J., additional, Hernandez, Stephen C., additional, Holtzman, Adam L., additional, Hopkins, Claire, additional, Huang, Zhigang, additional, Huang, Zhenxiao, additional, Humphreys, Ian M., additional, Hwang, Peter H., additional, Iloreta, Alfred M., additional, Ishii, Masaru, additional, Ivan, Michael E., additional, Jafari, Aria, additional, Kennedy, David W., additional, Khan, Mohemmed, additional, Kimple, Adam J., additional, Kingdom, Todd T., additional, Knisely, Anna, additional, Kuo, Ying‐Ju, additional, Lal, Devyani, additional, Lamarre, Eric D., additional, Lan, Ming‐Ying, additional, Le, Hien, additional, Lechner, Matt, additional, Lee, Nancy Y., additional, Lee, Jivianne K., additional, Lee, Victor H., additional, Levine, Corinna G., additional, Lin, Jin‐Ching, additional, Lin, Derrick T., additional, Lobo, Brian C., additional, Locke, Tran, additional, Luong, Amber U., additional, Magliocca, Kelly R., additional, Markovic, Svetomir N., additional, Matnjani, Gesa, additional, McKean, Erin L., additional, Meço, Cem, additional, Mendenhall, William M., additional, Michel, Loren, additional, Na'ara, Shorook, additional, Nicolai, Piero, additional, Nuss, Daniel W., additional, Nyquist, Gurston G., additional, Oakley, Gretchen M., additional, Omura, Kazuhiro, additional, Orlandi, Richard R., additional, Otori, Nobuyoshi, additional, Papagiannopoulos, Peter, additional, Patel, Zara M., additional, Pfister, David G., additional, Phan, Jack, additional, Psaltis, Alkis J., additional, Rabinowitz, Mindy R., additional, Ramanathan, Murugappan, additional, Rimmer, Ryan, additional, Rosen, Marc R., additional, Sanusi, Olabisi, additional, Sargi, Zoukaa B., additional, Schafhausen, Philippe, additional, Schlosser, Rodney J., additional, Sedaghat, Ahmad R., additional, Senior, Brent A., additional, Shrivastava, Raj, additional, Sindwani, Raj, additional, Smith, Timothy L., additional, Smith, Kristine A., additional, Snyderman, Carl H., additional, Solares, C. Arturo, additional, Sreenath, Satyan B., additional, Stamm, Aldo, additional, Stölzel, Katharina, additional, Sumer, Baran, additional, Surda, Pavol, additional, Tajudeen, Bobby A., additional, Thompson, Lester D. R., additional, Thorp, Brian D., additional, Tong, Charles C. L., additional, Tsang, Raymond K., additional, Turner, Justin H., additional, Turri‐Zanoni, Mario, additional, Udager, Aaron M., additional, van Zele, Thibaut, additional, VanKoevering, Kyle, additional, Welch, Kevin C., additional, Wise, Sarah K., additional, Witterick, Ian J., additional, Won, Tae‐Bin, additional, Wong, Stephanie N., additional, Woodworth, Bradford A., additional, Wormald, Peter‐John, additional, Yao, William C., additional, Yeh, Chien‐Fu, additional, Zhou, Bing, additional, Palmer, James N., additional, Abiri, Arash, additional, Adams, Carrie D., additional, Ayoub, Noel F., additional, Bitner, Benjamin F., additional, Boyd, Jacob T., additional, Chang, Michael T., additional, Chapurin, Nikita, additional, Chaskes, Mark B., additional, Chua, Andy, additional, Chung, Sei Y., additional, Contrera, Kevin J., additional, Dilley, Katelyn K., additional, Dutra, André Zanette, additional, Eide, Jacob G., additional, Fenberg, Rachel, additional, Godse, Neal R., additional, Jawad, Basit, additional, Johnson, Jared, additional, Johnson, B. Jake, additional, Judd, Ryan, additional, Khalife, Sarah, additional, Khosravi, Pooya, additional, Kolarski, Mirko Manojlovic, additional, Kong, Keonho A., additional, Kshirsagar, Rijul S., additional, Lee, Joseph S., additional, Lin, Tian‐Yun, additional, McCormick, Justin P., additional, Melder, Katie, additional, Morse, Elliot, additional, Nguyen, Theodore V., additional, Norwood, Timothy G., additional, Pang, Jonathan C., additional, Parsel, Sean M., additional, Patel, Prayag S., additional, Ringel, Barak, additional, Schneider, Alexander L., additional, Spielman, Daniel B., additional, Spock, Todd, additional, and Vasudev, Milind, additional

Published
2023
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20. If you build it, they will come: Coastal amenities facilitate human engagement in marine protected areas

Author

Free, Christopher M., primary, Smith, Joshua G., additional, Lopazanski, Cori J., additional, Brun, Julien, additional, Francis, Tessa B., additional, Eurich, Jacob G., additional, Claudet, Joachim, additional, Dugan, Jenifer E., additional, Gill, David A., additional, Hamilton, Scott L., additional, Kaschner, Kristin, additional, Mouillot, David, additional, Ziegler, Shelby L., additional, Caselle, Jennifer E., additional, and Nickols, Kerry J., additional

Published
2023
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21. A marine protected area network does not confer community structure resilience to a marine heatwave across coastal ecosystems

Author

Smith, Joshua G., primary, Free, Christopher M., additional, Lopazanski, Cori, additional, Brun, Julien, additional, Anderson, Clarissa R., additional, Carr, Mark H., additional, Claudet, Joachim, additional, Dugan, Jenifer E., additional, Eurich, Jacob G., additional, Francis, Tessa B., additional, Hamilton, Scott L., additional, Mouillot, David, additional, Raimondi, Peter T., additional, Starr, Richard M., additional, Ziegler, Shelby L., additional, Nickols, Kerry J., additional, and Caselle, Jennifer E., additional

Published
2023
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22. Multi‐institutional review of sinonasal and skull base chondrosarcoma: 20‐year experience

Author

Jacob G. Eide, Rijul S. Kshirsagar, Jacob C. Harris, Alyssa Civantos, Robert M. Brody, John Y. K. Lee, Michelle Alonso‐Basanta, Jillian W. Lazor, Ali Nabavizadeh, Beverly Y. Wang, Edward C. Kuan, James N. Palmer, and Nithin D. Adappa

Subjects
Skull Base, Treatment Outcome, Otorhinolaryngology, Chondrosarcoma, Humans, Radiotherapy, Adjuvant, Skull Base Neoplasms, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

Chondrosarcomas of the sinonasal cavity and skull base are uncommon malignancies. We sought to provide long-term outcomes at two tertiary care centers.Patients with chondrosarcoma treated between 2000 and 2021 were included. The primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS).Thirty-eight patients met inclusion criteria. Fourteen patients had sinonasal (36.8%), 7 petroclival (18.4%), and 17 other primary skull base lesions (44.7%). Twenty-eight patients (73.7%) underwent radiation with an average dose of 67.3 ± 15.1 Gy. Eighteen patients (47.4%) required revision surgery for recurrence. 1, 5, and 10-year OS were 97.3%, 93.1%, and 74.7%. DSS at 5- and 10-year survival was 95.7%. Adjuvant radiation was associated with improved OS (HR: 0.12; 95% CI: 0.02-0.75, p = 0.023).We present our experience over the last 20 years treating chondrosarcomas. Favorable survival outcomes can be achieved but recurrence requiring repeat resection is common.

Published
2022

23. <scp>Image‐Guided</scp> Surgical Device Failures in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A <scp>MAUDE</scp> Analysis

Author

Samir W. Hassanin, Rijul S. Kshirsagar, Jacob G. Eide, Jeremy Chang, Jonathan Liang, James N. Palmer, and Nithin D. Adappa

Subjects
Otorhinolaryngology
Abstract

Image-guided surgery (IGS) devices have become widely used for anatomic localization during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). However, there are no studies that analyze the post-market complications associated with IGS device use during FESS. The objective of this study was to better characterize post-market complications associated with the use of IGS devices during sinus surgery.The US Food and Drug Administration's Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience database was queried for event reports associated with neurological stereotaxic devices utilized in IGS between the dates of January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2020. Medical device reports that were analyzed for this study pertained strictly to FESS.There were 1873 reports involving IGS devices for FESS included in this study. Fifty-five reports involved adverse events to patients (2.9%) and 1818 (97.1%) involved device malfunctions. Of the adverse events to patients, the most common included cerebrospinal fluid leakage (45.6%), tissue damage (12.7%), and nervous system injury (3.6%). The most commonly reported device malfunction was imprecision (21.1%).IGS devices are widely utilized in FESS. Of the medical device reports between 2016 and 2020, less than 3% resulted in adverse events. Further studies of the infrequent post-market complications of IGS devices used in FESS can help guide surgeons on the risks of their clinical use.4-Retrospective database survey without controls Laryngoscope, 2022.

Published
2022

25. Postoperative mometasone irrigations improve quality of life in skull base tumor patients

Author

Salmon, Mandy K., primary, Kshirsagar, Rijul S., additional, Eide, Jacob G., additional, Sweis, Auddie M., additional, Davin, Kathleen, additional, Prasad, Aman, additional, Ungerer, Heather, additional, Stevens, Elizabeth, additional, Ig‐Izevbekhai, Kevin, additional, Tripathi, Siddhant, additional, Locke, Tran B., additional, Lin, Theodore, additional, Sweis, Brian M., additional, Kohanski, Michael A., additional, Adappa, Nithin D., additional, and Palmer, James N., additional

Published
2023
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29. Priorities for synthesis research in ecology and environmental science

Author

Halpern, Benjamin S., Boettiger, Carl, Dietze, Michael C., Gephart, Jessica A., Gonzalez, Patrick, Grimm, Nancy B., Groffman, Peter M., Gurevitch, Jessica, Hobbie, Sarah E., Komatsu, Kimberly J., Kroeker, Kristy J., Lahr, Heather J., Lodge, David M., Lortie, Christopher J., Lowndes, Julie S. S., Micheli, Fiorenza, Possingham, Hugh P., Ruckelshaus, Mary H., Scarborough, Courtney, Wood, Chelsea L., Wu, Grace C., Aoyama, Lina, Arroyo, Eva E., Bahlai, Christie A., Beller, Erin E., Blake, Rachael E., Bork, Karrigan S., Branch, Trevor A., Brown, Norah E. M., Brun, Julien, Bruna, Emilio M., Buckley, Lauren B., Burnett, Jessica L., Castorani, Max C. N., Cheng, Samantha H., Cohen, Sarah C., Couture, Jessica L., Crowder, Larry B., Dee, Laura E., Dias, Arildo S., Diaz‐maroto, Ignacio J., Downs, Martha R., Dudney, Joan C., Ellis, Erle C., Emery, Kyle A., Eurich, Jacob G., Ferriss, Bridget E., Fredston, Alexa, Furukawa, Hikaru, Gagné, Sara A., Garlick, Sarah R., Garroway, Colin J., Gaynor, Kaitlyn M., González, Angélica L., Grames, Eliza M., Guy‐haim, Tamar, Hackett, Ed, Hallett, Lauren M., Harms, Tamara K., Haulsee, Danielle E., Haynes, Kyle J., Hazen, Elliott L., Jarvis, Rebecca M., Jones, Kristal, Kandlikar, Gaurav S., Kincaid, Dustin W., Knope, Matthew L., Koirala, Anil, Kolasa, Jurek, Kominoski, John S., Koricheva, Julia, Lancaster, Lesley T., Lawlor, Jake A., Lowman, Heili E., Muller‐karger, Frank E., Norman, Kari E. A., Nourn, Nan, O'Hara, Casey C., Ou, Suzanne X., Padilla‐gamino, Jacqueline L., Pappalardo, Paula, Peek, Ryan A., Pelletier, Dominique, Plont, Stephen, Ponisio, Lauren C., Portales‐reyes, Cristina, Provete, Diogo B., Raes, Eric J., Ramirez‐reyes, Carlos, Ramos, Irene, Record, Sydne, Richardson, Anthony J., Salguero‐gómez, Roberto, Satterthwaite, Erin V., Schmidt, Chloé, Schwartz, Aaron J., See, Craig R., Shea, Brendan D., Smith, Rachel S., Sokol, Eric R., Solomon, Christopher T., Spanbauer, Trisha, Stefanoudis, Paris V., Sterner, Beckett W., Sudbrack, Vitor, Tonkin, Jonathan D., Townes, Ashley R., Valle, Mireia, Walter, Jonathan A., Wheeler, Kathryn I., Wieder, William R., Williams, David R., Winter, Marten, Winterova, Barbora, Woodall, Lucy C., Wymore, Adam S., Youngflesh, Casey, Halpern, Benjamin S., Boettiger, Carl, Dietze, Michael C., Gephart, Jessica A., Gonzalez, Patrick, Grimm, Nancy B., Groffman, Peter M., Gurevitch, Jessica, Hobbie, Sarah E., Komatsu, Kimberly J., Kroeker, Kristy J., Lahr, Heather J., Lodge, David M., Lortie, Christopher J., Lowndes, Julie S. S., Micheli, Fiorenza, Possingham, Hugh P., Ruckelshaus, Mary H., Scarborough, Courtney, Wood, Chelsea L., Wu, Grace C., Aoyama, Lina, Arroyo, Eva E., Bahlai, Christie A., Beller, Erin E., Blake, Rachael E., Bork, Karrigan S., Branch, Trevor A., Brown, Norah E. M., Brun, Julien, Bruna, Emilio M., Buckley, Lauren B., Burnett, Jessica L., Castorani, Max C. N., Cheng, Samantha H., Cohen, Sarah C., Couture, Jessica L., Crowder, Larry B., Dee, Laura E., Dias, Arildo S., Diaz‐maroto, Ignacio J., Downs, Martha R., Dudney, Joan C., Ellis, Erle C., Emery, Kyle A., Eurich, Jacob G., Ferriss, Bridget E., Fredston, Alexa, Furukawa, Hikaru, Gagné, Sara A., Garlick, Sarah R., Garroway, Colin J., Gaynor, Kaitlyn M., González, Angélica L., Grames, Eliza M., Guy‐haim, Tamar, Hackett, Ed, Hallett, Lauren M., Harms, Tamara K., Haulsee, Danielle E., Haynes, Kyle J., Hazen, Elliott L., Jarvis, Rebecca M., Jones, Kristal, Kandlikar, Gaurav S., Kincaid, Dustin W., Knope, Matthew L., Koirala, Anil, Kolasa, Jurek, Kominoski, John S., Koricheva, Julia, Lancaster, Lesley T., Lawlor, Jake A., Lowman, Heili E., Muller‐karger, Frank E., Norman, Kari E. A., Nourn, Nan, O'Hara, Casey C., Ou, Suzanne X., Padilla‐gamino, Jacqueline L., Pappalardo, Paula, Peek, Ryan A., Pelletier, Dominique, Plont, Stephen, Ponisio, Lauren C., Portales‐reyes, Cristina, Provete, Diogo B., Raes, Eric J., Ramirez‐reyes, Carlos, Ramos, Irene, Record, Sydne, Richardson, Anthony J., Salguero‐gómez, Roberto, Satterthwaite, Erin V., Schmidt, Chloé, Schwartz, Aaron J., See, Craig R., Shea, Brendan D., Smith, Rachel S., Sokol, Eric R., Solomon, Christopher T., Spanbauer, Trisha, Stefanoudis, Paris V., Sterner, Beckett W., Sudbrack, Vitor, Tonkin, Jonathan D., Townes, Ashley R., Valle, Mireia, Walter, Jonathan A., Wheeler, Kathryn I., Wieder, William R., Williams, David R., Winter, Marten, Winterova, Barbora, Woodall, Lucy C., Wymore, Adam S., and Youngflesh, Casey

Abstract

Synthesis research in ecology and environmental science improves understanding, advances theory, identifies research priorities, and supports management strategies by linking data, ideas, and tools. Accelerating environmental challenges increases the need to focus synthesis science on the most pressing questions. To leverage input from the broader research community, we convened a virtual workshop with participants from many countries and disciplines to examine how and where synthesis can address key questions and themes in ecology and environmental science in the coming decade. Seven priority research topics emerged: (1) diversity, equity, inclusion, and justice (DEIJ), (2) human and natural systems, (3) actionable and use-inspired science, (4) scale, (5) generality, (6) complexity and resilience, and (7) predictability. Additionally, two issues regarding the general practice of synthesis emerged: the need for increased participant diversity and inclusive research practices; and increased and improved data flow, access, and skill-building. These topics and practices provide a strategic vision for future synthesis in ecology and environmental science.

Published
2023
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30. If you build it, they will come: Coastal amenities facilitate human engagement in marine protected areas

Author

Free, Christopher M., Smith, Joshua G., Lopazanski, Cori J., Brun, Julien, Francis, Tessa B., Eurich, Jacob G., Claudet, Joachim, Dugan, Jenifer E., Gill, David A., Hamilton, Scott L., Kaschner, Kristin, Mouillot, David, Ziegler, Shelby L., Caselle, Jennifer E., Nickols, Kerry J., Free, Christopher M., Smith, Joshua G., Lopazanski, Cori J., Brun, Julien, Francis, Tessa B., Eurich, Jacob G., Claudet, Joachim, Dugan, Jenifer E., Gill, David A., Hamilton, Scott L., Kaschner, Kristin, Mouillot, David, Ziegler, Shelby L., Caselle, Jennifer E., and Nickols, Kerry J.

Abstract

Calls for using marine protected areas (MPAs) to achieve goals for nature and people are increasing globally. While the conservation and fisheries impacts of MPAs have been comparatively well‐studied, impacts on other dimensions of human use have received less attention. Understanding how humans engage with MPAs and identifying traits of MPAs that promote engagement is critical to designing MPA networks that achieve multiple goals effectively, equitably and with minimal environmental impact. In this paper, we characterize human engagement in California's MPA network, the world's largest MPA network scientifically designed to function as a coherent network (124 MPAs spanning 16% of state waters and 1300 km of coastline) and identify traits associated with higher human engagement. We assemble and compare diverse indicators of human engagement that capture recreational, educational and scientific activities across California's MPAs. We find that human engagement is correlated with nearby population density and that site “charisma” can expand human engagement beyond what would be predicted based on population density alone. Charismatic MPAs tend to be located near tourist destinations, have long sandy beaches and be adjacent to state parks and associated amenities. In contrast, underutilized MPAs were often more remote and lacked both sandy beaches and parking lot access. Synthesis and applications: These results suggest that achieving MPA goals associated with human engagement can be promoted by developing land‐based amenities that increase access to coastal MPAs or by locating new MPAs near existing amenities during the design phase. Alternatively, human engagement can be limited by locating MPAs in areas far from population centres, coastal amenities or sandy beaches. Furthermore, managers may want to prioritize monitoring, enforcement, education and outreach programmes in MPAs with traits that predict high human engagement. Understanding the extent to which human en

Published
2023
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31. A marine protected area network does not confer community structure resilience to a marine heatwave across coastal ecosystems

Author

Smith, Joshua G., Free, Christopher M., Lopazanski, Cori, Brun, Julien, Anderson, Clarissa R., Carr, Mark H., Claudet, Joachim, Dugan, Jenifer E., Eurich, Jacob G., Francis, Tessa B., Hamilton, Scott L., Mouillot, David, Raimondi, Peter T., Starr, Richard M., Ziegler, Shelby L., Nickols, Kerry J., Caselle, Jennifer E., Smith, Joshua G., Free, Christopher M., Lopazanski, Cori, Brun, Julien, Anderson, Clarissa R., Carr, Mark H., Claudet, Joachim, Dugan, Jenifer E., Eurich, Jacob G., Francis, Tessa B., Hamilton, Scott L., Mouillot, David, Raimondi, Peter T., Starr, Richard M., Ziegler, Shelby L., Nickols, Kerry J., and Caselle, Jennifer E.

Abstract

Marine protected areas (MPAs) have gained attention as a conservation tool for enhancing ecosystem resilience to climate change. However, empirical evidence explicitly linking MPAs to enhanced ecological resilience is limited and mixed. To better understand whether MPAs can buffer climate impacts, we tested the resistance and recovery of marine communities to the 2014–2016 Northeast Pacific heatwave in the largest scientifically designed MPA network in the world off the coast of California, United States. The network consists of 124 MPAs (48 no-take state marine reserves, and 76 partial-take or special regulation conservation areas) implemented at different times, with full implementation completed in 2014. We compared fish, benthic invertebrate, and macroalgal community structure inside and outside of 13 no-take MPAs across rocky intertidal, kelp forest, shallow reef, and deep reef nearshore habitats in California's Central Coast region from 2007 to 2020. We also explored whether MPA features, including age, size, depth, proportion rock, historic fishing pressure, habitat diversity and richness, connectivity, and fish biomass response ratios (proxy for ecological performance), conferred climate resilience for kelp forest and rocky intertidal habitats spanning 28 MPAs across the full network. Ecological communities dramatically shifted due to the marine heatwave across all four nearshore habitats, and MPAs did not facilitate habitat-wide resistance or recovery. Only in protected rocky intertidal habitats did community structure significantly resist marine heatwave impacts. Community shifts were associated with a pronounced decline in the relative proportion of cold water species and an increase in warm water species. MPA features did not explain resistance or recovery to the marine heatwave. Collectively, our findings suggest that MPAs have limited ability to mitigate the impacts of marine heatwaves on community structure. Given that mechanisms of resilience to clim

Published
2023
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33. Use of intraoperative frontal sinus mometasone‐eluting stents decreased interleukin 5 and interleukin 13 in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

Author

Alexander L. Schneider, Samuel D. Racette, Anthony K. Kang, Abhita T. Reddy, Julia H. Huang, David S. Lehmann, Caroline P.E. Price, Jacob G. Eide, Samuel R. Rodeghiero, David B. Conley, Kevin C. Welch, Robert C. Kern, Stephanie Shintani‐Smith, Anju T. Peters, Atsushi Kato, Whitney S. Stevens, Robert P. Schleimer, and Bruce K. Tan

Subjects
Interleukin-13, Drug-Eluting Stents, Endoscopy, Nasal Polyps, Otorhinolaryngology, Chronic Disease, Humans, Frontal Sinus, Immunology and Allergy, Interleukin-4, Interleukin-5, Sinusitis, Mometasone Furoate, Rhinitis
Abstract

Mometasone-eluting stents (MES) have demonstrated improvement in short-term endoscopic outcomes and reduce short- to medium-term rescue interventions. Their effect on the local inflammatory environment, longer-term patient-reported outcomes, and radiographic severity have not been studied.Middle meatal mucus and validated measures of disease severity were collected before and 6 to 12 months after endoscopic surgery in 52 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs). Operative findings, type 2 mediator concentrations, intraoperative variables, and disease severity measures were compared between those who did and those who did not receive intraoperative frontal MES.A total of 52 patients with CRSwNPs were studied; 33 received frontal MES and were compared with 19 who did not. Pre-endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) middle meatus (MM) interleukin (IL) 13 and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) were higher in the stented group (p 0.05), but pre-ESS clinical measures of disease severity were similar as were surgical extent and post-ESS medical management. Intraoperative eosinophilic mucin was more frequent in the stented group (58% vs 11%, p = 0.001). IL-5 (p 0.05) and IL-13 (p 0.001) decreased post-ESS in the stented group, but this was not observed in the nonstented group. Post-ESS IL-4 and IL-13 were higher in the nonstented vs stented group (p 0.05 for both).Although patients who received intraoperative frontal MES had significantly higher pre-ESS MM IL-13 and ECP, patients who received frontal MES had lower concentrations of IL-4 and IL-13 than those who did not at a median of 8 months post-ESS. However, these changes did not correspond to significantly different measures of symptomatic or radiographic disease severity.

Published
2022

34. Anti‐phospholipid antibodies are elevated and functionally active in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

Author

Jacob G. Eide, Jeffanie Wu, Whitney W. Stevens, Junqin Bai, Songwang Hou, Julia H. Huang, Jacob Rosenberg, Paul Utz, Stephanie Shintani‐Smith, David B. Conley, Kevin C. Welch, Robert C. Kern, Kathryn E. Hulse, Anju T. Peters, Leslie C. Grammer, Ming Zhao, Paul Lindholm, Robert P. Schleimer, and Bruce K. Tan

Subjects
Nasal Polyps, Immunoglobulin G, Chronic Disease, Immunology, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Sinusitis, Rhinitis
Abstract

Polyps from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) contain increased levels of autoreactive antibodies, B cells and fibrin deposition. Anti-phospholipid antibodies (APA) are autoantibodies known to cause thrombosis but have not been implicated in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).To compare APA levels (anti-cardiolipin, anti-phosphatidylethanolamine (anti-PE), and anti-βPatient specimens were assayed for APA IgG, anti-dsDNA IgG and thrombin-anti-thrombin (TaT) complex by ELISA. Antibodies from a subset of specimens were tested for modified activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) measured on an optical-mechanical coagulometer.Anti-cardiolipin IgG in NP was 5-fold higher than control tissue (p .0001). NP antibodies prolonged aPTT compared to control tissue antibodies at 400 µg/mL (36.7 s vs. 33.8 s, p = .024) and 600 µg/mL (40.9 s vs. 34.7 s, p = .0037). Anti-PE IgG antibodies were increased in NP (p = .027), but anti-B2GP IgG was not significantly higher (p = .084). All APAs correlated with anti-dsDNA IgG levels, which were also elevated (R = .77, .71 and .54, respectively, for anti-cardiolipin, anti-PE, and anti-B2GP; all p .001), but only anti-cardiolipin (R = .50, p = .0185) and anti-PE (R = 0.45, p = .037) correlated with TaT complex levels.APA IgG antibodies are increased in NP and correlate with autoreactive tissue antibodies. NP antibodies have in vitro anti-coagulant activity similar to those observed in anti-phospholipid syndrome, suggesting that they may have pro-coagulant effects in polyp tissue.

Published
2022

37. Priorities for synthesis research in ecology and environmental science

Author

Halpern, Benjamin S., primary, Boettiger, Carl, additional, Dietze, Michael C., additional, Gephart, Jessica A., additional, Gonzalez, Patrick, additional, Grimm, Nancy B., additional, Groffman, Peter M., additional, Gurevitch, Jessica, additional, Hobbie, Sarah E., additional, Komatsu, Kimberly J., additional, Kroeker, Kristy J., additional, Lahr, Heather J., additional, Lodge, David M., additional, Lortie, Christopher J., additional, Lowndes, Julie S. S., additional, Micheli, Fiorenza, additional, Possingham, Hugh P., additional, Ruckelshaus, Mary H., additional, Scarborough, Courtney, additional, Wood, Chelsea L., additional, Wu, Grace C., additional, Aoyama, Lina, additional, Arroyo, Eva E., additional, Bahlai, Christie A., additional, Beller, Erin E., additional, Blake, Rachael E., additional, Bork, Karrigan S., additional, Branch, Trevor A., additional, Brown, Norah E. M., additional, Brun, Julien, additional, Bruna, Emilio M., additional, Buckley, Lauren B., additional, Burnett, Jessica L., additional, Castorani, Max C. N., additional, Cheng, Samantha H., additional, Cohen, Sarah C., additional, Couture, Jessica L., additional, Crowder, Larry B., additional, Dee, Laura E., additional, Dias, Arildo S., additional, Diaz‐Maroto, Ignacio J., additional, Downs, Martha R., additional, Dudney, Joan C., additional, Ellis, Erle C., additional, Emery, Kyle A., additional, Eurich, Jacob G., additional, Ferriss, Bridget E., additional, Fredston, Alexa, additional, Furukawa, Hikaru, additional, Gagné, Sara A., additional, Garlick, Sarah R., additional, Garroway, Colin J., additional, Gaynor, Kaitlyn M., additional, González, Angélica L., additional, Grames, Eliza M., additional, Guy‐Haim, Tamar, additional, Hackett, Ed, additional, Hallett, Lauren M., additional, Harms, Tamara K., additional, Haulsee, Danielle E., additional, Haynes, Kyle J., additional, Hazen, Elliott L., additional, Jarvis, Rebecca M., additional, Jones, Kristal, additional, Kandlikar, Gaurav S., additional, Kincaid, Dustin W., additional, Knope, Matthew L., additional, Koirala, Anil, additional, Kolasa, Jurek, additional, Kominoski, John S., additional, Koricheva, Julia, additional, Lancaster, Lesley T., additional, Lawlor, Jake A., additional, Lowman, Heili E., additional, Muller‐Karger, Frank E., additional, Norman, Kari E. A., additional, Nourn, Nan, additional, O'Hara, Casey C., additional, Ou, Suzanne X., additional, Padilla‐Gamino, Jacqueline L., additional, Pappalardo, Paula, additional, Peek, Ryan A., additional, Pelletier, Dominique, additional, Plont, Stephen, additional, Ponisio, Lauren C., additional, Portales‐Reyes, Cristina, additional, Provete, Diogo B., additional, Raes, Eric J., additional, Ramirez‐Reyes, Carlos, additional, Ramos, Irene, additional, Record, Sydne, additional, Richardson, Anthony J., additional, Salguero‐Gómez, Roberto, additional, Satterthwaite, Erin V., additional, Schmidt, Chloé, additional, Schwartz, Aaron J., additional, See, Craig R., additional, Shea, Brendan D., additional, Smith, Rachel S., additional, Sokol, Eric R., additional, Solomon, Christopher T., additional, Spanbauer, Trisha, additional, Stefanoudis, Paris V., additional, Sterner, Beckett W., additional, Sudbrack, Vitor, additional, Tonkin, Jonathan D., additional, Townes, Ashley R., additional, Valle, Mireia, additional, Walter, Jonathan A., additional, Wheeler, Kathryn I., additional, Wieder, William R., additional, Williams, David R., additional, Winter, Marten, additional, Winterova, Barbora, additional, Woodall, Lucy C., additional, Wymore, Adam S., additional, and Youngflesh, Casey, additional

Published
2023
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39. Tau accumulation and degeneration differ across functional networks in atypical Alzheimer's disease phenotypes

Author

Phillips, Jeffrey S, primary, Burke, Sarah E, additional, Cousins, Katheryn A Q, additional, Arezoumandan, Sanaz, additional, Ohm, Daniel T, additional, Chen, Min, additional, Cook, Philip, additional, Dubroff, Jacob G., additional, Nasrallah, Ilya M., additional, McMillan, Corey T, additional, Grossman, Murray, additional, Wolk, David A., additional, and Irwin, David J., additional

Published
2022
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41. Primary sinonasal lymphoma: A multi‐institutional experience of clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes

Author

Jacob G, Eide, Rijul S, Kshirsagar, Jack L, Birkenbeuel, Eric H, Abello, Sara, Hobday, Sabrina, Herzberg, Beverly Y, Wang, James N, Palmer, Nithin D, Adappa, and Edward C, Kuan

Subjects
Otorhinolaryngology, Immunology and Allergy
Abstract

Sinonasal lymphoma (SL) is a heterogeneous, underrecognized neoplastic disorder with limited outcomes data. We sought to better define outcomes by subtype and treatment at 2 referral centers over the past 2 decades.Demographics, clinicopathologic data, and treatment outcomes for patients treated for SL were queried from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2021 at 2 tertiary academic medical centers.Eighty-four patients were included, with an average age at diagnosis of 63.4 ± 15 years. There were 34 females (40.5%). The majority of patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score of2 (76.2%) and the most common presenting symptom was facial swelling/pain (26.2%). The most common primary site was the nasal cavity (36.9%). Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was the most common subtype (46.4%), followed by extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (17.9%). Chemotherapy was the most common treatment strategy (n = 59, 70.2%), followed by radiation therapy (n = 35, 41.7%) and immunotherapy (n = 24, 28.6%). Disease-specific survival rates at 1, 5, and 10 years were 85.7%, 73.6%, and 58.6%, respectively. Eighteen patients (21.4%) developed recurrence. On multivariate analysis, higher ECOG score (p 0.0001) and history of head and neck radiation (p = 0.048) were associated with worse survival. Younger age was associated with greater risk of recurrence (p = 0.022) and male sex was associated with more treatment side effects (p = 0.012).This is the largest multi-institutional analysis of SL characteristics and outcomes. Our work suggests that, although disease control in the first 5 years is reasonable, 10-year outcomes remain challenging. Further studies are needed to investigate new treatment paradigms and risk stratification.

Published
2022

42. Novel insights into negative pressure wound healing from an in situ porcine perspective

Author

David S. Zamierowski, Christopher A Neal, Adam J. Mellott, Richard Korentager, Molly E. Steed, Jennifer G. Nelson-Brantley, Ashley L Pistorio, Hongyan Dai, and Jacob G Hodge

Subjects
In situ, Wound Healing, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, integumentary system, Swine, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Pilot Projects, Dermatology, Bandages, Plasma protein adsorption, Negative-pressure wound therapy, medicine, Animals, Surgery, Wound closure, Tissue formation, Wound healing, business, Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy, Inflammatory genes, Tissue ingrowth
Abstract

Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is used clinically to promote tissue formation and wound closure. In this study, a porcine wound model was used to further investigate the mechanisms as to how NPWT modulates wound healing via utilization of a form of NPWT called the vacuum-assisted closure. To observe the effect of NPWT more accurately, non-NPWT control wounds containing GranuFoam™ dressings, without vacuum exposure, were utilized. In situ histological analysis revealed that NPWT enhanced plasma protein adsorption throughout the GranuFoam™, resulting in increased cellular colonization and tissue ingrowth. Gram staining revealed that NPWT decreased bacterial dissemination to adjacent tissue with greater bacterial localization within the GranuFoam™. Genomic analysis demonstrated the significant changes in gene expression across a number of genes between wounds treated with non-NPWT and NPWT when compared against baseline tissue. However, minimal differences were noted between non-NPWT and NPWT wounds, including no significant differences in expression of collagen, angiogenic, or key inflammatory genes. Similarly, significant increases in immune cell populations were observed from day 0 to day 9 for both non-NPWT and NPWT wounds, though no differences were noted between non-NPWT and NPWT wounds. Furthermore, histological analysis demonstrated the presence of a foreign body response (FBR), with giant cell formation and encapsulation of GranuFoam™ particles. The unique in situ histological evaluation and genomic comparison of non-NPWT and NPWT wounds in this pilot study provided a never-before-shown perspective, offering novel insights into the physiological processes of NPWT and the potential role of a FBR in NPWT clinical outcomes.

Published
2021

44. Incidence of Sinus Inflammation After Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery in the Pediatric Population

Author

Laura E. Henry, Jacob G. Eide, Rijul S. Kshirsagar, Charles C. L. Tong, Edward C. Kuan, Seerat K. Poonia, Phillip B. Storm, James N. Palmer, and Nithin D. Adappa

Subjects
Otorhinolaryngology
Abstract

The extended endonasal approach has been utilized in the resection of anterior skull base lesions in the pediatric population. There are unique challenges to these patients in the post-operative setting, including patient compliance with medical therapy and post-operative debridements, and a smaller nasal airway that may increase propensity toward scarring. Our objective for this study is to evaluate the incidence of post-operative radiographic inflammation in this patient population using the Lund-Mackay (LM) score.A single-center, retrospective review of pediatric patients undergoing endoscopic approach to the skull base between 2009 and 2021 was performed. Demographic and clinicopathologic data and pre- and post-operative imaging were analyzed. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey multiple pairwise comparisons statistical tests were used to compare mean LM scores between groups.Seventy-two patients (52 males, 20 females) were identified with a median follow-up of 27 months. All patients underwent an extended endonasal approach for resection of skull base lesions. The mean LM scores were compared between pre-operative MRI, first post-operative MRI 30 days after surgery, and most recent post-operative MRI. One-way ANOVA was performed with significant differences noted between the groups (p 0.001). Tukey multiple pairwise comparisons test was then performed and noted significant differences between the pre-operative and first post-operative LM (p 0.0001) and the first post-operative and most recent LM (p 0.0001). There was no significant difference noted between the pre-operative LM score and most recent LM score (p = 0.14).Despite concerns regarding possible subsequent development of chronic rhinosinusitis following endoscopic skull base surgery in pediatric patients, the current study suggests that transient radiographic evidence of sinus inflammation can be seen up to six months postoperatively, which appears to resolve by approximately two years after surgery.4 Laryngoscope, 2022.

Published
2022

48. Multi‐institutional review of sinonasal and skull base chondrosarcoma: 20‐year experience

Author

Eide, Jacob G., primary, Kshirsagar, Rijul S., additional, Harris, Jacob C., additional, Civantos, Alyssa, additional, Brody, Robert M., additional, Lee, John Y. K., additional, Alonso‐Basanta, Michelle, additional, Lazor, Jillian W., additional, Nabavizadeh, Ali, additional, Wang, Beverly Y., additional, Kuan, Edward C., additional, Palmer, James N., additional, and Adappa, Nithin D., additional

Published
2022
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50. Calm on the surface, dynamic on the inside. Molecular homeostasis of Anabaena sp. <scp>PCC</scp> 7120 nitrogen metabolism

Author

Patrik R. Jones, Jacob G. Bundy, David C. A. Gaboriau, Giorgio Perin, Virag Sagi-Kiss, Tyler Fletcher, and Mathew R. Carey

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Nitrogen, Physiology, chemistry.chemical_element, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Bacterial Proteins, Ammonium, Cation Transport Proteins, Nitrogen cycle, chemistry.chemical_classification, Nitrogen deficiency, Biological membrane, Assimilation (biology), Metabolism, Anabaena, 030104 developmental biology, Enzyme, chemistry, Biochemistry, Mutation, Gene Deletion, Signal Transduction, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Nitrogen sources are all converted into ammonium/ia as a first step of assimilation. It is reasonable to expect that molecular components involved in the transport of ammonium/ia across biological membranes connect with the regulation of both nitrogen and central metabolism. We applied both genetic (i.e., Δamt mutation) and environmental treatments to a target biological system, the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp PCC 7120. The aim was to both perturb nitrogen metabolism and induce multiple inner nitrogen states, respectively, followed by targeted quantification of key proteins, metabolites and enzyme activities. The absence of AMT transporters triggered a substantial whole-system response, affecting enzyme activities and quantity of proteins and metabolites, spanning nitrogen and carbon metabolisms. Moreover, the Δamt strain displayed a molecular fingerprint indicating nitrogen deficiency even under nitrogen replete conditions. Contrasting with such dynamic adaptations was the striking near-complete lack of an externally measurable altered phenotype. We conclude that this species evolved a highly robust and adaptable molecular network to maintain homeostasis, resulting in substantial internal but minimal external perturbations. This analysis provides evidence for a potential role of AMT transporters in the regulatory/signalling network of nitrogen metabolism and the existence of a novel fourth regulatory mechanism controlling glutamine synthetase activity.

Published
2021

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