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2. Demographic composition, not demographic diversity, predicts biomass and turnover across temperate and tropical forests

Author

Needham, Jessica F., Johnson, Daniel J., Anderson‐Teixeira, Kristina J., Bourg, Norman, Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, Butt, Nathalie, Cao, Min, Cárdenas, Dairon, Chang‐Yang, Chia‐Hao, Chen, Yu‐Yun, Chuyong, George, Dattaraja, Handanakere S., Davies, Stuart J., Duque, Alvaro, Ewango, Corneille E.N., Fernando, Edwino S., Fisher, Rosie, Fletcher, Christine D., Foster, Robin, Hao, Zhanqing, Hart, Terese, Hsieh, Chang‐Fu, Hubbell, Stephen P., Itoh, Akira, Kenfack, David, Koven, Charles D., Larson, Andrew J., Lutz, James A., McShea, William, Makana, Jean‐Remy, Malhi, Yadvinder, Marthews, Toby, Bt. Mohamad, Mohizah, Morecroft, Michael D., Norden, Natalia, Parker, Geoffrey, Shringi, Ankur, Sukumar, Raman, Suresh, Hebbalalu S., Sun, I‐Fang, Tan, Sylvester, Thomas, Duncan W., Thompson, Jill, Uriarte, Maria, Valencia, Renato, Yao, Tze Leong, Yap, Sandra L., Yuan, Zuoqiang, Yuehua, Hu, Zimmerman, Jess K., Zuleta, Daniel, McMahon, Sean M., Needham, Jessica F., Johnson, Daniel J., Anderson‐Teixeira, Kristina J., Bourg, Norman, Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, Butt, Nathalie, Cao, Min, Cárdenas, Dairon, Chang‐Yang, Chia‐Hao, Chen, Yu‐Yun, Chuyong, George, Dattaraja, Handanakere S., Davies, Stuart J., Duque, Alvaro, Ewango, Corneille E.N., Fernando, Edwino S., Fisher, Rosie, Fletcher, Christine D., Foster, Robin, Hao, Zhanqing, Hart, Terese, Hsieh, Chang‐Fu, Hubbell, Stephen P., Itoh, Akira, Kenfack, David, Koven, Charles D., Larson, Andrew J., Lutz, James A., McShea, William, Makana, Jean‐Remy, Malhi, Yadvinder, Marthews, Toby, Bt. Mohamad, Mohizah, Morecroft, Michael D., Norden, Natalia, Parker, Geoffrey, Shringi, Ankur, Sukumar, Raman, Suresh, Hebbalalu S., Sun, I‐Fang, Tan, Sylvester, Thomas, Duncan W., Thompson, Jill, Uriarte, Maria, Valencia, Renato, Yao, Tze Leong, Yap, Sandra L., Yuan, Zuoqiang, Yuehua, Hu, Zimmerman, Jess K., Zuleta, Daniel, and McMahon, Sean M.

Abstract

The growth and survival of individual trees determine the physical structure of a forest with important consequences for forest function. However, given the diversity of tree species and forest biomes, quantifying the multitude of demographic strategies within and across forests and the way that they translate into forest structure and function remains a significant challenge. Here, we quantify the demographic rates of 1961 tree species from temperate and tropical forests and evaluate how demographic diversity (DD) and demographic composition (DC) differ across forests, and how these differences in demography relate to species richness, aboveground biomass (AGB), and carbon residence time. We find wide variation in DD and DC across forest plots, patterns that are not explained by species richness or climate variables alone. There is no evidence that DD has an effect on either AGB or carbon residence time. Rather, the DC of forests, specifically the relative abundance of large statured species, predicted both biomass and carbon residence time. Our results demonstrate the distinct DCs of globally distributed forests, reflecting biogeography, recent history, and current plot conditions. Linking the DC of forests to resilience or vulnerability to climate change, will improve the precision and accuracy of predictions of future forest composition, structure, and function.

Published
2022

4. Demographic composition, not demographic diversity, predicts biomass and turnover across temperate and tropical forests

Author

Needham, Jessica F., primary, Johnson, Daniel J., additional, Anderson‐Teixeira, Kristina J., additional, Bourg, Norman, additional, Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, additional, Butt, Nathalie, additional, Cao, Min, additional, Cárdenas, Dairon, additional, Chang‐Yang, Chia‐Hao, additional, Chen, Yu‐Yun, additional, Chuyong, George, additional, Dattaraja, Handanakere S., additional, Davies, Stuart J., additional, Duque, Alvaro, additional, Ewango, Corneille E. N., additional, Fernando, Edwino S., additional, Fisher, Rosie, additional, Fletcher, Christine D., additional, Foster, Robin, additional, Hao, Zhanqing, additional, Hart, Terese, additional, Hsieh, Chang‐Fu, additional, Hubbell, Stephen P., additional, Itoh, Akira, additional, Kenfack, David, additional, Koven, Charles D., additional, Larson, Andrew J., additional, Lutz, James A., additional, McShea, William, additional, Makana, Jean‐Remy, additional, Malhi, Yadvinder, additional, Marthews, Toby, additional, Bt. Mohamad, Mohizah, additional, Morecroft, Michael D., additional, Norden, Natalia, additional, Parker, Geoffrey, additional, Shringi, Ankur, additional, Sukumar, Raman, additional, Suresh, Hebbalalu S., additional, Sun, I‐Fang, additional, Tan, Sylvester, additional, Thomas, Duncan W., additional, Thompson, Jill, additional, Uriarte, Maria, additional, Valencia, Renato, additional, Yao, Tze Leong, additional, Yap, Sandra L., additional, Yuan, Zuoqiang, additional, Yuehua, Hu, additional, Zimmerman, Jess K., additional, Zuleta, Daniel, additional, and McMahon, Sean M., additional

Published
2022
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8. Front Cover

Author

Lutz, James A., primary, Furniss, Tucker J., additional, Johnson, Daniel J., additional, Davies, Stuart J., additional, Allen, David, additional, Alonso, Alfonso, additional, Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina J., additional, Andrade, Ana, additional, Baltzer, Jennifer, additional, Becker, Kendall M. L., additional, Blomdahl, Erika M., additional, Bourg, Norman A., additional, Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, additional, Burslem, David F. R. P., additional, Cansler, C. Alina, additional, Cao, Ke, additional, Cao, Min, additional, Cárdenas, Dairon, additional, Chang, Li-Wan, additional, Chao, Kuo-Jung, additional, Chao, Wei-Chun, additional, Chiang, Jyh-Min, additional, Chu, Chengjin, additional, Chuyong, George B., additional, Clay, Keith, additional, Condit, Richard, additional, Cordell, Susan, additional, Dattaraja, Handanakere S., additional, Duque, Alvaro, additional, Ewango, Corneille E. N., additional, Fischer, Gunter A., additional, Fletcher, Christine, additional, Freund, James A., additional, Giardina, Christian, additional, Germain, Sara J., additional, Gilbert, Gregory S., additional, Hao, Zhanqing, additional, Hart, Terese, additional, Hau, Billy C. H., additional, He, Fangliang, additional, Hector, Andrew, additional, Howe, Robert W., additional, Hsieh, Chang-Fu, additional, Hu, Yue-Hua, additional, Hubbell, Stephen P., additional, Inman-Narahari, Faith M., additional, Itoh, Akira, additional, Janík, David, additional, Kassim, Abdul Rahman, additional, Kenfack, David, additional, Korte, Lisa, additional, Král, Kamil, additional, Larson, Andrew J., additional, Li, YiDe, additional, Lin, Yiching, additional, Liu, Shirong, additional, Lum, Shawn, additional, Ma, Keping, additional, Makana, Jean-Remy, additional, Malhi, Yadvinder, additional, McMahon, Sean M., additional, McShea, William J., additional, Memiaghe, Hervé R., additional, Mi, Xiangcheng, additional, Morecroft, Michael, additional, Musili, Paul M., additional, Myers, Jonathan A., additional, Novotny, Vojtech, additional, de Oliveira, Alexandre, additional, Ong, Perry, additional, Orwig, David A., additional, Ostertag, Rebecca, additional, Parker, Geoffrey G., additional, Patankar, Rajit, additional, Phillips, Richard P., additional, Reynolds, Glen, additional, Sack, Lawren, additional, Song, Guo-Zhang M., additional, Su, Sheng-Hsin, additional, Sukumar, Raman, additional, Sun, I-Fang, additional, Suresh, Hebbalalu S., additional, Swanson, Mark E., additional, Tan, Sylvester, additional, Thomas, Duncan W., additional, Thompson, Jill, additional, Uriarte, Maria, additional, Valencia, Renato, additional, Vicentini, Alberto, additional, Vrška, Tomáš, additional, Wang, Xugao, additional, Weiblen, George D., additional, Wolf, Amy, additional, Wu, Shu-Hui, additional, Xu, Han, additional, Yamakura, Takuo, additional, Yap, Sandra, additional, and Zimmerman, Jess K., additional

Published
2018
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9. Global importance of large‐diameter trees

Author

Lutz, James A., primary, Furniss, Tucker J., additional, Johnson, Daniel J., additional, Davies, Stuart J., additional, Allen, David, additional, Alonso, Alfonso, additional, Anderson‐Teixeira, Kristina J., additional, Andrade, Ana, additional, Baltzer, Jennifer, additional, Becker, Kendall M. L., additional, Blomdahl, Erika M., additional, Bourg, Norman A., additional, Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, additional, Burslem, David F. R. P., additional, Cansler, C. Alina, additional, Cao, Ke, additional, Cao, Min, additional, Cárdenas, Dairon, additional, Chang, Li‐Wan, additional, Chao, Kuo‐Jung, additional, Chao, Wei‐Chun, additional, Chiang, Jyh‐Min, additional, Chu, Chengjin, additional, Chuyong, George B., additional, Clay, Keith, additional, Condit, Richard, additional, Cordell, Susan, additional, Dattaraja, Handanakere S., additional, Duque, Alvaro, additional, Ewango, Corneille E. N., additional, Fischer, Gunter A., additional, Fletcher, Christine, additional, Freund, James A., additional, Giardina, Christian, additional, Germain, Sara J., additional, Gilbert, Gregory S., additional, Hao, Zhanqing, additional, Hart, Terese, additional, Hau, Billy C. H., additional, He, Fangliang, additional, Hector, Andrew, additional, Howe, Robert W., additional, Hsieh, Chang‐Fu, additional, Hu, Yue‐Hua, additional, Hubbell, Stephen P., additional, Inman‐Narahari, Faith M., additional, Itoh, Akira, additional, Janík, David, additional, Kassim, Abdul Rahman, additional, Kenfack, David, additional, Korte, Lisa, additional, Král, Kamil, additional, Larson, Andrew J., additional, Li, YiDe, additional, Lin, Yiching, additional, Liu, Shirong, additional, Lum, Shawn, additional, Ma, Keping, additional, Makana, Jean‐Remy, additional, Malhi, Yadvinder, additional, McMahon, Sean M., additional, McShea, William J., additional, Memiaghe, Hervé R., additional, Mi, Xiangcheng, additional, Morecroft, Michael, additional, Musili, Paul M., additional, Myers, Jonathan A., additional, Novotny, Vojtech, additional, de Oliveira, Alexandre, additional, Ong, Perry, additional, Orwig, David A., additional, Ostertag, Rebecca, additional, Parker, Geoffrey G., additional, Patankar, Rajit, additional, Phillips, Richard P., additional, Reynolds, Glen, additional, Sack, Lawren, additional, Song, Guo‐Zhang M., additional, Su, Sheng‐Hsin, additional, Sukumar, Raman, additional, Sun, I‐Fang, additional, Suresh, Hebbalalu S., additional, Swanson, Mark E., additional, Tan, Sylvester, additional, Thomas, Duncan W., additional, Thompson, Jill, additional, Uriarte, Maria, additional, Valencia, Renato, additional, Vicentini, Alberto, additional, Vrška, Tomáš, additional, Wang, Xugao, additional, Weiblen, George D., additional, Wolf, Amy, additional, Wu, Shu‐Hui, additional, Xu, Han, additional, Yamakura, Takuo, additional, Yap, Sandra, additional, Zimmerman, Jess K., additional, and Kerkhoff, Andrew, additional

Published
2018
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10. Global importance of large-diameter trees

Author

Lutz, James A., Furniss, Tucker J., Johnson, Daniel J., Davies, Stuart J., Allen, David, Alonso, Alfonso, Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina J., Andrade, Ana, Baltzer, Jennifer, Becker, Kendall M.L., Blomdahl, Erika M., Bourg, Norman A., Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, Burslem, David F.R.P., Cansler, C. Alina, Cao, Ke, Cao, Min, Cárdenas, Dairon, Chang, Li-Wan, Chao, Kuo-Jung, Chao, Wei-Chun, Chiang, Jyh-Min, Chu, Chengjin, Chuyong, George B., Clay, Keith, Condit, Richard, Cordell, Susan, Dattaraja, Handanakere S., Duque, Alvaro, Ewango, Corneille E.N., Fischer, Gunter A., Fletcher, Christine, Freund, James A., Giardina, Christian, Germain, Sara J., Gilbert, Gregory S., Hao, Zhanqing, Hart, Terese, Hau, Billy C.H., He, Fangliang, Hector, Andrew, Howe, Robert W., Hsieh, Chang-Fu, Hu, Yue-Hua, Hubbell, Stephen P., Inman-Narahari, Faith M., Itoh, Akira, Janík, David, Kassim, Abdul Rahman, Kenfack, David, Korte, Lisa, Král, Kamil, Larson, Andrew J., Li, YiDe, Lin, Yiching, Liu, Shirong, Lum, Shawn, Ma, Keping, Makana, Jean-Remy, Malhi, Yadvinder, McMahon, Sean M., McShea, William J., Memiaghe, Hervé R., Mi, Xiangcheng, Morecroft, Michael, Musili, Paul M., Myers, Jonathan A., Novotny, Vojtech, de Oliveira, Alexandre, Ong, Perry, Orwig, David A., Ostertag, Rebecca, Parker, Geoffrey G., Patankar, Rajit, Phillips, Richard P., Reynolds, Glen, Sack, Lawren, Song, Guo-Zhang M., Su, Sheng-Hsin, Sukumar, Raman, Sun, I-Fang, Suresh, Hebbalalu S., Swanson, Mark E., Tan, Sylvester, Thomas, Duncan W., Thompson, Jill, Uriarte, Maria, Valencia, Renato, Vicentini, Alberto, Vrška, Tomáš, Wang, Xugao, Weiblen, George D., Wolf, Amy, Wu, Shu-Hui, Xu, Han, Yamakura, Takuo, Yap, Sandra, Zimmerman, Jess K., Lutz, James A., Furniss, Tucker J., Johnson, Daniel J., Davies, Stuart J., Allen, David, Alonso, Alfonso, Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina J., Andrade, Ana, Baltzer, Jennifer, Becker, Kendall M.L., Blomdahl, Erika M., Bourg, Norman A., Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, Burslem, David F.R.P., Cansler, C. Alina, Cao, Ke, Cao, Min, Cárdenas, Dairon, Chang, Li-Wan, Chao, Kuo-Jung, Chao, Wei-Chun, Chiang, Jyh-Min, Chu, Chengjin, Chuyong, George B., Clay, Keith, Condit, Richard, Cordell, Susan, Dattaraja, Handanakere S., Duque, Alvaro, Ewango, Corneille E.N., Fischer, Gunter A., Fletcher, Christine, Freund, James A., Giardina, Christian, Germain, Sara J., Gilbert, Gregory S., Hao, Zhanqing, Hart, Terese, Hau, Billy C.H., He, Fangliang, Hector, Andrew, Howe, Robert W., Hsieh, Chang-Fu, Hu, Yue-Hua, Hubbell, Stephen P., Inman-Narahari, Faith M., Itoh, Akira, Janík, David, Kassim, Abdul Rahman, Kenfack, David, Korte, Lisa, Král, Kamil, Larson, Andrew J., Li, YiDe, Lin, Yiching, Liu, Shirong, Lum, Shawn, Ma, Keping, Makana, Jean-Remy, Malhi, Yadvinder, McMahon, Sean M., McShea, William J., Memiaghe, Hervé R., Mi, Xiangcheng, Morecroft, Michael, Musili, Paul M., Myers, Jonathan A., Novotny, Vojtech, de Oliveira, Alexandre, Ong, Perry, Orwig, David A., Ostertag, Rebecca, Parker, Geoffrey G., Patankar, Rajit, Phillips, Richard P., Reynolds, Glen, Sack, Lawren, Song, Guo-Zhang M., Su, Sheng-Hsin, Sukumar, Raman, Sun, I-Fang, Suresh, Hebbalalu S., Swanson, Mark E., Tan, Sylvester, Thomas, Duncan W., Thompson, Jill, Uriarte, Maria, Valencia, Renato, Vicentini, Alberto, Vrška, Tomáš, Wang, Xugao, Weiblen, George D., Wolf, Amy, Wu, Shu-Hui, Xu, Han, Yamakura, Takuo, Yap, Sandra, and Zimmerman, Jess K.

Abstract

Aim: To examine the contribution of large‐diameter trees to biomass, stand structure, and species richness across forest biomes. Location: Global. Time period: Early 21st century. Major taxa studied: Woody plants. Methods: We examined the contribution of large trees to forest density, richness and biomass using a global network of 48 large (from 2 to 60 ha) forest plots representing 5,601,473 stems across 9,298 species and 210 plant families. This contribution was assessed using three metrics: the largest 1% of trees ≥ 1 cm diameter at breast height (DBH), all trees ≥ 60 cm DBH, and those rank‐ordered largest trees that cumulatively comprise 50% of forest biomass. Results: Averaged across these 48 forest plots, the largest 1% of trees ≥ 1 cm DBH comprised 50% of aboveground live biomass, with hectare‐scale standard deviation of 26%. Trees ≥ 60 cm DBH comprised 41% of aboveground live tree biomass. The size of the largest trees correlated with total forest biomass (r2 = .62, p < .001). Large‐diameter trees in high biomass forests represented far fewer species relative to overall forest richness (r2 = .45, p < .001). Forests with more diverse large‐diameter tree communities were comprised of smaller trees (r2 = .33, p < .001). Lower large‐diameter richness was associated with large‐diameter trees being individuals of more common species (r2 = .17, p = .002). The concentration of biomass in the largest 1% of trees declined with increasing absolute latitude (r2 = .46, p < .001), as did forest density (r2 = .31, p < .001). Forest structural complexity increased with increasing absolute latitude (r2 = .26, p < .001). Main conclusions: Because large‐diameter trees constitute roughly half of the mature forest biomass worldwide, their dynamics and sensitivities to environmental change represent potentially large controls on global forest carbon cycling. We recommend managing forests for conservation of existing large‐diameter trees or those that can soon reach large diameter

Published
2018

11. CTFS-ForestGEO: a worldwide network monitoring forests in an era of global change

Author

Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina J., Davies, Stuart J., Bennett, Amy C., Gonzalez-Akre, Erika B., Muller-Landau, Helene C., Wright, S. Joseph, Abu Salim, Kamariah, Almeyda Zambrano, Angélica M., Alonso, Alfonso, Baltzer, Jennifer L., Basset, Yves, Bourg, Norman A., Broadbent, Eben N., Brockelman, Warren Y., Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, Burslem, David F.R.P., Butt, Nathalie, Cao, Min, Cardenas, Dairon, Chuyong, George B., Clay, Keith, Cordell, Susan, Dattaraja, Handanakere S., Deng, Xiaobao, Detto, Matteo, Du, Xiaojun, Duque, Alvaro, Erikson, David L., Ewango, Corneille E.N., Fischer, Gunter A., Fletcher, Christine, Foster, Robin B., Giardina, Christian P., Gilbert, Gregory S., Gunatilleke, Nimal, Gunatilleke, Savitri, Hao, Zhanqing, Hargrove, William W., Hart, Terese B., Hau, Billy C.H., He, Fangliang, Hoffman, Forrest M., Howe, Robert W., Hubbell, Stephen P., Inman-Narahari, Faith M., Jansen, Patrick A., Jiang, Mingxi, Johnson, Daniel J., Kanzaki, Mamoru, Kassim, Abdul Rahman, Kenfack, David, Kibet, Staline, Kinnaird, Margaret F., Korte, Lisa, Kral, Kamil, Kumar, Jitendra, Larson, Andrew J., Li, Yide, Li, Xiankun, Liu, Shirong, Lum, Shawn K.Y., Lutz, James A., Ma, Keping, Maddalena, Damian M., Makana, Jean-Remy, Malhi, Yadvinder, Marthews, Toby, Mat Serudin, Rafizah, McMahon, Sean M., McShea, William J., Memiaghe, Hervé R., Mi, Xiangcheng, Mizuno, Takashi, Morecroft, Michael, Myers, Jonathan A., Novotny, Vojtech, de Oliveira, Alexandre A., Ong, Perry S., Orwig, David A., Ostertag, Rebecca, den Ouden, Jan, Parker, Geoffrey G., Phillips, Richard P., Sack, Lawren, Sainge, Moses N., Sang, Weiguo, Sri-ngernyuang, Kriangsak, Sukumar, Raman, Sun, I-Fang, Sungpalee, Witchaphart, Suresh, Hebbalalu Sathyanarayana, Tan, Sylvester, Thomas, Sean C., Thomas, Duncan W., Thompson, Jill, Turner, Benjamin L., Uriarte, Maria, Valencia, Renato, Vallejo, Marta I., Vicentini, Alberto, Vrška, Tomáš, Wang, Xihua, Wang, Xugao, Weiblen, George, Wolf, Amy, Xu, Han, Yap, Sandra, Zimmerman, Jess, Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina J., Davies, Stuart J., Bennett, Amy C., Gonzalez-Akre, Erika B., Muller-Landau, Helene C., Wright, S. Joseph, Abu Salim, Kamariah, Almeyda Zambrano, Angélica M., Alonso, Alfonso, Baltzer, Jennifer L., Basset, Yves, Bourg, Norman A., Broadbent, Eben N., Brockelman, Warren Y., Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, Burslem, David F.R.P., Butt, Nathalie, Cao, Min, Cardenas, Dairon, Chuyong, George B., Clay, Keith, Cordell, Susan, Dattaraja, Handanakere S., Deng, Xiaobao, Detto, Matteo, Du, Xiaojun, Duque, Alvaro, Erikson, David L., Ewango, Corneille E.N., Fischer, Gunter A., Fletcher, Christine, Foster, Robin B., Giardina, Christian P., Gilbert, Gregory S., Gunatilleke, Nimal, Gunatilleke, Savitri, Hao, Zhanqing, Hargrove, William W., Hart, Terese B., Hau, Billy C.H., He, Fangliang, Hoffman, Forrest M., Howe, Robert W., Hubbell, Stephen P., Inman-Narahari, Faith M., Jansen, Patrick A., Jiang, Mingxi, Johnson, Daniel J., Kanzaki, Mamoru, Kassim, Abdul Rahman, Kenfack, David, Kibet, Staline, Kinnaird, Margaret F., Korte, Lisa, Kral, Kamil, Kumar, Jitendra, Larson, Andrew J., Li, Yide, Li, Xiankun, Liu, Shirong, Lum, Shawn K.Y., Lutz, James A., Ma, Keping, Maddalena, Damian M., Makana, Jean-Remy, Malhi, Yadvinder, Marthews, Toby, Mat Serudin, Rafizah, McMahon, Sean M., McShea, William J., Memiaghe, Hervé R., Mi, Xiangcheng, Mizuno, Takashi, Morecroft, Michael, Myers, Jonathan A., Novotny, Vojtech, de Oliveira, Alexandre A., Ong, Perry S., Orwig, David A., Ostertag, Rebecca, den Ouden, Jan, Parker, Geoffrey G., Phillips, Richard P., Sack, Lawren, Sainge, Moses N., Sang, Weiguo, Sri-ngernyuang, Kriangsak, Sukumar, Raman, Sun, I-Fang, Sungpalee, Witchaphart, Suresh, Hebbalalu Sathyanarayana, Tan, Sylvester, Thomas, Sean C., Thomas, Duncan W., Thompson, Jill, Turner, Benjamin L., Uriarte, Maria, Valencia, Renato, Vallejo, Marta I., Vicentini, Alberto, Vrška, Tomáš, Wang, Xihua, Wang, Xugao, Weiblen, George, Wolf, Amy, Xu, Han, Yap, Sandra, and Zimmerman, Jess

Abstract

Global change is impacting forests worldwide, threatening biodiversity and ecosystem services including climate regulation. Understanding how forests respond is critical to forest conservation and climate protection. This review describes an international network of 59 long-term forest dynamics research sites (CTFS-ForestGEO) useful for characterizing forest responses to global change. Within very large plots (median size 25 ha), all stems ≥1 cm diameter are identified to species, mapped, and regularly recensused according to standardized protocols. CTFS-ForestGEO spans 25°S–61°N latitude, is generally representative of the range of bioclimatic, edaphic, and topographic conditions experienced by forests worldwide, and is the only forest monitoring network that applies a standardized protocol to each of the world's major forest biomes. Supplementary standardized measurements at subsets of the sites provide additional information on plants, animals, and ecosystem and environmental variables. CTFS-ForestGEO sites are experiencing multifaceted anthropogenic global change pressures including warming (average 0.61 °C), changes in precipitation (up to ±30% change), atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and sulfur compounds (up to 3.8 g N m−2 yr−1 and 3.1 g S m−2 yr−1), and forest fragmentation in the surrounding landscape (up to 88% reduced tree cover within 5 km). The broad suite of measurements made at CTFS-ForestGEO sites makes it possible to investigate the complex ways in which global change is impacting forest dynamics. Ongoing research across the CTFS-ForestGEO network is yielding insights into how and why the forests are changing, and continued monitoring will provide vital contributions to understanding worldwide forest diversity and dynamics in an era of global change.

Published
2015

12. CTFS‐ForestGEO: a worldwide network monitoring forests in an era of global change

Author

Anderson‐Teixeira, Kristina J., primary, Davies, Stuart J., additional, Bennett, Amy C., additional, Gonzalez‐Akre, Erika B., additional, Muller‐Landau, Helene C., additional, Joseph Wright, S., additional, Abu Salim, Kamariah, additional, Almeyda Zambrano, Angélica M., additional, Alonso, Alfonso, additional, Baltzer, Jennifer L., additional, Basset, Yves, additional, Bourg, Norman A., additional, Broadbent, Eben N., additional, Brockelman, Warren Y., additional, Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, additional, Burslem, David F. R. P., additional, Butt, Nathalie, additional, Cao, Min, additional, Cardenas, Dairon, additional, Chuyong, George B., additional, Clay, Keith, additional, Cordell, Susan, additional, Dattaraja, Handanakere S., additional, Deng, Xiaobao, additional, Detto, Matteo, additional, Du, Xiaojun, additional, Duque, Alvaro, additional, Erikson, David L., additional, Ewango, Corneille E.N., additional, Fischer, Gunter A., additional, Fletcher, Christine, additional, Foster, Robin B., additional, Giardina, Christian P., additional, Gilbert, Gregory S., additional, Gunatilleke, Nimal, additional, Gunatilleke, Savitri, additional, Hao, Zhanqing, additional, Hargrove, William W., additional, Hart, Terese B., additional, Hau, Billy C.H., additional, He, Fangliang, additional, Hoffman, Forrest M., additional, Howe, Robert W., additional, Hubbell, Stephen P., additional, Inman‐Narahari, Faith M., additional, Jansen, Patrick A., additional, Jiang, Mingxi, additional, Johnson, Daniel J., additional, Kanzaki, Mamoru, additional, Kassim, Abdul Rahman, additional, Kenfack, David, additional, Kibet, Staline, additional, Kinnaird, Margaret F., additional, Korte, Lisa, additional, Kral, Kamil, additional, Kumar, Jitendra, additional, Larson, Andrew J., additional, Li, Yide, additional, Li, Xiankun, additional, Liu, Shirong, additional, Lum, Shawn K.Y., additional, Lutz, James A., additional, Ma, Keping, additional, Maddalena, Damian M., additional, Makana, Jean‐Remy, additional, Malhi, Yadvinder, additional, Marthews, Toby, additional, Mat Serudin, Rafizah, additional, McMahon, Sean M., additional, McShea, William J., additional, Memiaghe, Hervé R., additional, Mi, Xiangcheng, additional, Mizuno, Takashi, additional, Morecroft, Michael, additional, Myers, Jonathan A., additional, Novotny, Vojtech, additional, de Oliveira, Alexandre A., additional, Ong, Perry S., additional, Orwig, David A., additional, Ostertag, Rebecca, additional, den Ouden, Jan, additional, Parker, Geoffrey G., additional, Phillips, Richard P., additional, Sack, Lawren, additional, Sainge, Moses N., additional, Sang, Weiguo, additional, Sri‐ngernyuang, Kriangsak, additional, Sukumar, Raman, additional, Sun, I‐Fang, additional, Sungpalee, Witchaphart, additional, Suresh, Hebbalalu Sathyanarayana, additional, Tan, Sylvester, additional, Thomas, Sean C., additional, Thomas, Duncan W., additional, Thompson, Jill, additional, Turner, Benjamin L., additional, Uriarte, Maria, additional, Valencia, Renato, additional, Vallejo, Marta I., additional, Vicentini, Alberto, additional, Vrška, Tomáš, additional, Wang, Xihua, additional, Wang, Xugao, additional, Weiblen, George, additional, Wolf, Amy, additional, Xu, Han, additional, Yap, Sandra, additional, and Zimmerman, Jess, additional

Published
2014
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13. Annual Rainfall and Seasonality Predict Pan-tropical Patterns of Liana Density and Basal Area

Author

DeWalt, Saara J., primary, Schnitzer, Stefan A., additional, Chave, Jérôme, additional, Bongers, Frans, additional, Burnham, Robyn J., additional, Cai, Zhiquan, additional, Chuyong, Georges, additional, Clark, David B., additional, Ewango, Corneille E. N., additional, Gerwing, Jeffrey J., additional, Gortaire, Esteban, additional, Hart, Terese, additional, Ibarra‐Manríquez, Guillermo, additional, Ickes, Kalan, additional, Kenfack, David, additional, Macía, Manuel J., additional, Makana, Jean‐Remy, additional, Martínez‐Ramos, Miguel, additional, Mascaro, Joseph, additional, Moses, Sainge, additional, Muller‐Landau, Helene C., additional, Parren, Marc P. E., additional, Parthasarathy, Narayanaswamy, additional, Pérez‐Salicrup, Diego R., additional, Putz, Francis E., additional, Romero‐Saltos, Hugo, additional, and Thomas, Duncan, additional

Published
2010
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14. Comparing tropical forest tree size distributions with the predictions of metabolic ecology and equilibrium models

Author

Muller‐Landau, Helene C., primary, Condit, Richard S., additional, Harms, Kyle E., additional, Marks, Christian O., additional, Thomas, Sean C., additional, Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, additional, Chuyong, George, additional, Co, Leonardo, additional, Davies, Stuart, additional, Foster, Robin, additional, Gunatilleke, Savitri, additional, Gunatilleke, Nimal, additional, Hart, Terese, additional, Hubbell, Stephen P., additional, Itoh, Akira, additional, Kassim, Abd Rahman, additional, Kenfack, David, additional, LaFrankie, James V., additional, Lagunzad, Daniel, additional, Lee, Hua Seng, additional, Losos, Elizabeth, additional, Makana, Jean‐Remy, additional, Ohkubo, Tatsuhiro, additional, Samper, Cristian, additional, Sukumar, Raman, additional, Sun, I‐Fang, additional, Nur Supardi, M. N., additional, Tan, Sylvester, additional, Thomas, Duncan, additional, Thompson, Jill, additional, Valencia, Renato, additional, Vallejo, Martha Isabel, additional, Muñoz, Gorky Villa, additional, Yamakura, Takuo, additional, Zimmerman, Jess K., additional, Dattaraja, Handanakere Shavaramaiah, additional, Esufali, Shameema, additional, Hall, Pamela, additional, He, Fangliang, additional, Hernandez, Consuelo, additional, Kiratiprayoon, Somboon, additional, Suresh, Hebbalalu S., additional, Wills, Christopher, additional, and Ashton, Peter, additional

Published
2006
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15. Testing metabolic ecology theory for allometric scaling of tree size, growth and mortality in tropical forests

Author

Muller‐Landau, Helene C., primary, Condit, Richard S., additional, Chave, Jerome, additional, Thomas, Sean C., additional, Bohlman, Stephanie A., additional, Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, additional, Davies, Stuart, additional, Foster, Robin, additional, Gunatilleke, Savitri, additional, Gunatilleke, Nimal, additional, Harms, Kyle E., additional, Hart, Terese, additional, Hubbell, Stephen P., additional, Itoh, Akira, additional, Kassim, Abd Rahman, additional, LaFrankie, James V., additional, Lee, Hua Seng, additional, Losos, Elizabeth, additional, Makana, Jean‐Remy, additional, Ohkubo, Tatsuhiro, additional, Sukumar, Raman, additional, Sun, I‐Fang, additional, Nur Supardi, M. N., additional, Tan, Sylvester, additional, Thompson, Jill, additional, Valencia, Renato, additional, Muñoz, Gorky Villa, additional, Wills, Christopher, additional, Yamakura, Takuo, additional, Chuyong, George, additional, Dattaraja, Handanakere Shivaramaiah, additional, Esufali, Shameema, additional, Hall, Pamela, additional, Hernandez, Consuelo, additional, Kenfack, David, additional, Kiratiprayoon, Somboon, additional, Suresh, Hebbalalu S., additional, Thomas, Duncan, additional, Vallejo, Martha Isabel, additional, and Ashton, Peter, additional

Published
2006
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17. Conservation and Civil Strife: Two Perspectives from Central Africa

Author

Hart, Terese, primary, Hart, John, additional, Fimbel, Cheryl, additional, Fimbel, Robert, additional, Laurance, William F., additional, Oren, Carrie, additional, Struhsaker, Thomas T., additional, Rosenbaum, Howard C., additional, Walsh, Peter D., additional, Razafindrakoto, Yvette, additional, Vely, Michel, additional, and DeSalle, Rob, additional

Published
1997
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