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Abstract Unsaturated fatty acids have been reported to be associated with the risk of psoriasis. However, the causal relationship between them remains unclear This study aimed to explore the causal relationship between unsaturated FAs and psoriasis. Firstly, we obtained genome‐wide association study (GWAS) data for psoriasis from the FINNGEN database (number of cases = 4510, number of controls = 212,242) and different FA levels (number of samples = 114,999) from the IEU OpenGWAS Project. Secondly, the genetic correlation coefficient was calculated using linkage disequilibrium fractional regression. Thirdly, a two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed using independent instrumental variables (p

To study the vehicle–bridge interaction (VBI) of highway bridges under seismic excitation, a vehicle–bridge couple analysis method based on Ansys is proposed. The 1/2 vehicle model and space beam element model were established to analyze the VBI response of Lanzhou Xiaoshagou bridge. The self-excited excitation of the system is represented by road surface irregularity randomness, while the external excitation is represented by an earthquake. The impact of seismic types, seismic direction, seismic intensity, vehicle speed, and road surface irregularity on the bridge vibration under the vehicle–bridge coupling during an earthquake is thoroughly analyzed. The results reveal that the type of earthquake significantly influences the dynamic response of the bridge, showing a minimum difference of 31.4%. The intensity of the earthquake is positively correlated with the dynamic response of the bridge. Longitudinal and vertical earthquakes have a more noticeable effect on the bridge’s vertical vibration compared to lateral earthquakes. The ratio of the bridge response under vertical or longitudinal seismic excitation to the response of lateral earthquakes ranges from 1.50 to 26.61. Vehicle speed, road irregularity grade, and randomness have a negligible impact on the dynamic response of vehicle–bridge interaction under an earthquake, accounting for less than 3%. These findings indicate that the analysis of earthquake-bridge vibration can simplify the VBI analysis for continuous rigid frame composite box girder bridges with corrugated steel webs under seismic conditions.

Objective. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that causes loss of periodontal support tissue. Our objective was to investigate the mechanism by which METTL3-mediated N6-methyladenosine modification regulates the osteogenic differentiation through lncRNA in periodontal mesenchymal stem cells in patients with periodontitis (pPDLSCs). Material and Methods. We carried out a series of experiments, including methylated RNA immunoprecipitation-PCR, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting. The expressions of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Runx2, Col1, Runx2 protein level, ALP staining, and Alizarin red staining were used to demonstrate the degree of osteogenic differentiation. Results. We found that METTL3 was the most significantly differentially expressed methylation-related enzyme in pPDLSCs and promoted osteogenic differentiation of pPDLSCs. METTL3 regulated the stability and expression of lncRNA CUTALP, while lncRNA CUTALP promoted osteogenic differentiation of pPDLSCs by inhibiting miR-30b-3p. At different time points of osteogenic differentiation, lncRNA CUTALP expression was positively correlated with Runx2, while miR-30b-3p showed the opposite pattern. The attenuated osteogenic differentiation induced by METTL3 knockdown was recovered by lncRNA CUTALP overexpression. The attenuated osteogenic differentiation induced by lncRNA CUTALP knockdown could be reversed by the miR-30b-3p inhibitor. Conclusions. In summary, METTL3/lncRNA CUTALP/miR-30b-3p/Runx2 is a regulatory network in the osteogenic differentiation of pPDLSCs.

Abstract The efficiency of many clean technologies, such as urea fuel cells, hydrogen production from urea‐containing water splitting, and sewage treatment, and so forth, is restricted due to the sluggish kinetics of the urea oxygen reaction (UOR). Mo‐doped Ni‐based catalysts are excellent for UOR because of the synergistic effect between Ni and Mo. However, such applications have indeed been hampered by a lack of mechanistic comprehension. Here, we fabricate Mo‐Ni(OH)2 nanosheets for efficient UOR electrocatalysis with activity at least twice higher than Ni(OH)2 nanosheets. Various in situ characterizations including Raman, differential electrochemical mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveals that the doping of Mo lowers the onset potential required for Ni2+/Ni3+ conversion and promotes the coupling of the N–N bond inside the molecule and the fracture of the double bond between C and O in the urea molecule. In addition, an entirely flexible direct urea fuel cell with the Mo‐Ni(OH)2 electrocatalyst delivers a maximum output power density of 0.78 mW cm−2 and complete flexibility for the first time. Our research significantly promotes the mechanistic understanding of UOR electrocatalysis and its applications.

Abstract Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a common malignant cancer characterized by high mortality and poor prognosis. LINC00690 was involved in the occurrence and progression of PC, but the underlying mechanisms require further investigation. The goal of this study was to figure out how LINC00960 mediates glycolysis in PC. LINC00960, miR‐326‐3p, and Tuftelin 1 (TUFT1) expression levels were detected in PC cell lines. LINC00960 and TUFT1 expression levels were increased in PC cells when compared with normal pancreatic cells, whereas miR‐326‐3p expression levels were decreased. The expression levels of LINC00690 affected glycolysis in PC, and inhibition of LINC00960 inhibited tumor growth in vivo. LINC00690 targeted and suppressed the expression of miR‐326‐3p. MiR‐326‐3p bound to TUFT1, and miR‐326‐3p inhibited AKT–mTOR pathway activation via TUFT1. In conclusion, the depletion of LINC00960 repressed cell proliferation and glycolysis in PC by mediating the miR‐326‐3p/TUFT1/AKT–mTOR axis. Thus, we present a novel mechanism underlying the progression of PC that suggests LINC00960 is a potential therapeutic target for this cancer.

Abstract This study was designed to explore the effects of exosomal miR‐421 secreted by cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) on pancreatic cancer (PC) progression and the mechanisms involved. CAFs and exosomes (exos) were isolated and identified. PC cells were treated with CAF‐derived exos (CAF‐exos). Western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were used to measure miR‐421, sirtuin‐3 (SIRT3), and hypoxia duciblefactors‐1 alpha (HIF‐1α) levels. Cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8), wound‐healing, and transwell migration assays were used to measure proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of the cells. Dual‐luciferase assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) experiment analyzed the relationship between miR‐421 and SIRT3. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (f)‐verified H3K9Ac enrichment in the HIF‐1α promoter region. In vivo tumorigenesis experiments were performed to further explore the effects of exosomal miR‐421 from CAFs on PC. CAFs and exos were successfully isolated. CAF‐exo‐treated PC cells highly expressed miR‐421 and had increased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities. Knocking down miR‐421 increased the expression of SIRT3. SIRT3 is a target of miR‐421, and inhibiting the expression of SIRT3 reversed the negative effects of miR‐421 knockdown on PC cell. Knocking down miR‐421 in CAF‐exo inhibited the expression of HIF‐1α in PC cells. Moreover, SIRT3‐mediated HIF‐1α expression by regulating H3K9Ac. HIF‐1α overexpression reversed the inhibiting effects of SIRT3 overexpression on PC progression and counteracted the inhibiting effects of miR‐421 knockdown on glycolysis. Moreover, in vivo tumorigenesis experiments showed that knocking down miR‐421 attenuated CAF‐exo induced tumor growth. Exosomal miR‐421 from CAFs promoted PC progression by regulating the SIRT3/H3K9Ac/HIF‐1α axis. This study provided insights into the molecular mechanism of PC.

The existence of giant karst cave can cause collapse and water inrush hazards during the excavation of the karst tunnel, causing serious economic losses. In this paper, based on the FEA software MIDAS, a numerical simulation model for the backfilling of a large karst cave through a large cross-section tunnel was established. The distribution characteristics and change rules of the displacement field, stress field, horizontal support stress, and plastic zone of the tunnel surrounding rock and backfill were explored. The first stage of tunnel excavation leads to a sharp increase in the displacement of the tunnel’s surrounding rock and the deterioration of the plastic zone, which should be strengthened and monitored. The tunnel arch, waist, and wall footing areas were prone to stress concentration. The two layers of horizontal support force show a certain regularity, showing a sharp increase and a gradually smooth growth trend. Meanwhile, the site monitoring results for arch settlement and horizontal convergence of the mega cavern tunnel were analyzed. The results show that the numerical calculation results were in good agreement with the values of site monitoring data. The average errors of final crown settlement and horizontal convergence were 8.6% and 15.9%, respectively, which verified the correctness of the numerical modeling method. This project can provide reliable experience for the construction of similar large cavern tunnels.

In order to further understand the instability mechanism and geohazard causation when the main sliding path of the slope body is parallel to the path of the bridge, the corresponding bridge-landslide parallel system is constructed for shaking table tests. This paper summarizes the combination forms of bridge-landslide model under different position and focused on the slope body located above the bridge deck. Firstly, based on the shaking table test results of El Centro (1940), the failure behavior of bridge-landslide parallel system was evaluated, and the changes of acceleration and deformation of bridge pile were subsequently analyzed. Then, the interaction bridge structure and sliding body were explained by the spectral features. The main conclusions are as follows. First, in the model test, the landslide belongs to the thrust-type landslide. Due to the barrier function of the bridge, the main failure site of landslide occurs in the middle and trailing edge of slope body. At the same time, the acceleration value of earthquake waves is 0.3 g, which is the key to this variation. Second, the acceleration response of the measuring points on the bridge pile and landslide increases with the increase of ground elevation. If the slope structure is damaged severely, the deformation response of weak interlayer is inconsistent with the surrounding soil structure. Third, with the increase of excitation power, the dominant frequency of bridge-landslide parallel system gradually transitions from low to high frequency rate, and the interaction of the parallel system weakens the influence of river direction on frequency. Finally, under the same working condition, the dynamic response of the measuring points has obvious regularity with the change of situation. But the response of the same points is not regular due to the different earthquake excitation intensity.

To study the dynamic response and spectrum characteristics of the three-dimensional crossing tunnel under the action of seismic load, we established a 1/50 downscale model based on a typical of the oblique overlapped tunnel and conducted a series of shaking table tests. Through examining the recorded dynamic responses (acceleration and dynamic strain measured at different locations in model tunnels), we found that the seismic response of the crown was the largest at the central section, and the invert of the tunnels was exactly opposite to the crown, which presented a “parabolic” distribution, and we inferred that the damage within the model may be mainly concentrated on the crown of the tunnels. Additionally, the dynamic strain showed obvious nonlinear and nonstationary characteristics under the action of different degrees of seismic intensities. Different from a single tunnel, the acceleration superposition effect appears in the cross section of two tunnels because of the spatial effect of overlapping tunnels, resulting in the obvious seismic response in the cross section. Meanwhile, we also found that the 1st dominant frequency (0.1–6.26 Hz) seismic wave played a leading role in the process of tunnel slope failure. Furthermore, the analysis of the acceleration response spectrum also showed that the surrounding rock mass has an amplification effect on low-frequency seismic waves. These results help us better understand the features of the dynamic responses and also provide evidence to reinforce the overlapped tunnels against earthquakes.

This paper presents the seismic dynamic response and spectrum characteristics of an orthogonal overlapped tunnel by shaking table tests. First, a prototype of the engineering and shaking table test device, which was used to design details of the experiment, was developed. Then, the sensors used in the test were selected, and the measurement points were arranged. Subsequently, the Wenchuan seismic wave with horizontal direction in different peak ground accelerations was inputted into the model, followed by a short analysis of the seismic response of the overlapped tunnel in the shaking table test as well as the distribution of the peak acceleration. Throughout the studies, the model exhibited obvious deformation stages during the seismic wave loading process, which can be divided into elastic, plastic, plastic enhancement, and failure stage. In particular, the time- and frequency-domain characteristics of the key parts of the tunnel were discussed in detail by using the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) based on the Morlet wavelet as the basis function. We found that the acceleration response was more intense within 25–60 s after the seismic wave was inputted. Furthermore, owing to “the superposition effect,” the seismic response at the crown of the under-crossing tunnel was stronger than that at the invert of the upper-span tunnel. The low and medium frequencies in the transformation of small scales (5–20) significantly affected the overlapped tunnel. These results elucidate the seismic dynamic response of the overlapped tunnel and provide guidance for the design of stabilizing structures for reinforcing tunnels against earthquakes.

To explore the staged catastrophic evolution mechanism and failure process of bedding rock landslides under construction disturbance and rainfall conditions, we selected water content, displacement, strain, and soil stress as the study objects and carried out a model test. Combining the test phenomena, the following conclusions are drawn: first, bedding rock landslides have experienced three different stages of initial, constant velocity, and accelerated deformation affected by construction and rainfall factors. Then, the mode of bedding rock landslides is both sliding and traction sliding compound sliding mode. Finally, in the initial and constant deformation stages, the stress and strain values in the soil both increase slightly. In the accelerated deformation stage, the horizontal and vertical deformation at the slope foot increases sharply. Meanwhile, the strain value increases greatly, the stress decreases, and the stress in the slope increases significantly. Therefore, stress, strain, and displacement can be used as early warning indicators for staged disasters of bedding rock landslides.

To explore the optimal seismic performance of multianchor pile, we carried out a series of shaking table tests. Based on the special form of multianchor piles’ reinforcement, we put forward the optimal design scheme of using EPS foam as damping layers and energy-dissipation springs for improving the self-coordinating devices of anchor head. By measuring acceleration and dynamic soil-pressure response under different intensities of vibration, we analyzed the correlation between acceleration caused by seismic wave action and damage characterized by time-domain and spectral characteristics of dynamic soil-pressure. We discuss in detail the relationship between frequency and specific period of dynamic soil-pressure and acceleration. We then used the SPECTR program to calculate the energy spectrum. Under the reciprocating action of seismic waves of different intensities, our slope model showed the continuous effect of spatial coupling deformation leading to regional damage and failure. Furthermore, the spatial distribution for amplitude of acceleration and dynamic soil-pressure showed the outstanding response of lateral amplitude of pile structures without optimization. The energy-spectrum distribution of acceleration seismic input was orderly, while the dynamic soil-pressure distribution of piles was disordered. Low-frequency (≤10 Hz) seismic waves have a great influence on these structures. The difference of acceleration hysteresis along the elevations was mainly caused by the propagation stage after the main earthquake. The correlation between dynamic soil-pressure and acceleration response in each group before the pile occurred in the same earthquake area was very weak, showing a low correlation. The optimization effect of optimized structures is related to the position of the shock-absorbing layer. Under high acceleration, multianchor piles easily cause bulge failures or shear failures at the positions of sliding surfaces. These results are helpful for improvements to reliably optimize designs in pile structure dynamic parameters.

The electronic structure of GaSe/silicane (GaSe/SiH) van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure in response to a vertical electric field and strain was studied via first-principle calculations. The heterostructure had indirect band gap characteristics in the range [−1.0, −0.4] V/Å and direct band gap features in the range [−0.3, 0.2] V/Å. Furthermore, a type-II to type-I band alignment transition appeared at −0.7 and −0.3 V/Å. Additionally, the GaSe/SiH vdW heterostructure had a type-II band alignment under strain, but an indirect to direct band gap semiconductor transition occurred at −3%. These results indicated that the GaSe/SiH vdW heterostructure may have applications in novel nanoelectronic and optoelectronic devices.

To clarify the feasibility of BFRP (basalt fiber reinforced plastics) anchors instead of steel anchors in the seismic application of slopes under different vibration strengths, a series of shaking table tests were carried out to strengthen the slope using BFRP anchors and steel anchors, respectively. By studying the dynamic response recorded in the slope model and the observed experimental phenomena, the acceleration dynamic response and displacement spectrum dynamic response of the two slope models were analyzed. The test results show that the deformation stage of the slope reinforced by the two types of anchors is basically the same during the test, that is, elastic, plastic (potential sliding surface and plastic strengthening), and failure stages, respectively. The slope is in the elastic stage before the 0.2 g seismic wave, and it gradually enters the plastic stage after the 0.4 g seismic wave. However, the peak acceleration and displacement of the slope reinforced by steel anchors are greater than those of the slope reinforced by BFRP anchors under the same working conditions of seismic waves. In addition, we found that the acceleration response spectrum distribution curve of each measuring point in the short period has an obvious amplification effect along the elevation, and its predominant period has a forward migration phenomenon with the increase of the height of the measuring point, which also indicates that the higher frequency seismic wave has a greater impact on the top of the slope. The BFRP anchors, as a kind of flexible structure supporting slope, can effectively reduce the impact of seismic waves on the slope and attenuate seismic waves to a certain extent compared with steel anchors. Furthermore, the BFRP anchors can be deformed in coordination with the slope, which can improve the overall working performance of the slope, especially limit the dynamic response of the middle and lower slopes. These results can provide a theoretical guide for the seismic design of BFRP anchors for high slopes.

Potential earthquake-induced damage to overlapped tunnels probably occurs during the operation and maintenance of mountain tunnel engineering, especially in the seismically active zone. This study investigated the dynamic response and the failure characteristics of the parallel overlapped tunnel under seismic loadings by employing shaking table tests. The failure mode of the parallel overlapped tunnels was analyzed through macroscopic test phenomena. The dynamic responses of the surrounding rock and tunnel lining were evaluated by acceleration and dynamic strain, respectively. In particular, wavelet packets were used to investigate the spectrum characteristics of the tunnel structure in depth. The failure process of the model can be divided into three stages. The upper-span and the under-crossing tunnels showed different failure characteristics. Additionally, the lining damage on the outer surface of the tunnel mainly occurred on the right side arch waist and the left side wall, whereas the lining damage on the inner surface of the tunnel mainly appeared on the crown and invert. Wavelet packet energy results showed that the energy characteristic distributions of the upper-span and the under-crossing tunnels were not consistent. Specifically, the energy eigenvalues of the crown of the upper-span tunnel and the invert of the under-crossing tunnel were the largest, which should be considered to be the weak parts in the seismic design.

Static stability margin is a critical parameter in flight control design. The feasible range of it must cover the uncertainty through the flight. To reasonably identify the feasible range of static stability margin in advance, an approach based on guardian maps is proposed for flight control of hypersonic flight vehicles with input saturation. First, the model of hypersonic flight vehicle (HFV) is established as a parametric plant. Then, flying quality requirements for the closed-loop system are formulated as inequality constraints using guardian maps. Moreover, by using linear matrix inequality, the saturation of elevators is taken into account in the integrated control of attitude control. The prescribed minimum of static stability margin that ensures the flying quality of hypersonic flight vehicles with input saturation is obtained. Furthermore, from the prospective of integrated control, it is shown that the feasible range of static stability margin can be enlarged by changing aerodynamic characteristics. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated by numerical simulation.

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the application of transesophageal echocardiography, left atrial appendage angiography, cardiac computed tomography angiography, and three-dimensional reconstruction model in the left atrial appendage occlusion. Methods: A total of 53 patients with persistent atrial fibrillation hospitalized from January 2015 to February 2019 were selected. Transesophageal echocardiography and cardiac computed tomography angiography were performed simultaneously before operation, and three-dimensional reconstruction of the left atrial appendage model was performed based on the cardiac computed tomography angiography findings. The morphology and size of the left atrial appendage were displayed by the left atrial appendage angiography during the operation. Results: Cardiac computed tomography angiography revealed filling defects in the left atrial appendage in four patients, whereas transesophageal echocardiography revealed thrombosis in two patients of the four patients. According to the cardiac computed tomography angiography results, the morphology of the left atrial appendage was classified into chicken wing–like, cauliflower-like, wind vane–like, and cactus-like. The diameters and depths of the left atrial appendage measured by cardiac computed tomography angiography and three-dimensional reconstruction model were found to be the greatest, and the orifice sizes and depths of the left atrial appendage measured by the left atrial appendage angiography were the smallest. Conclusion: Transesophageal echocardiography, left atrial appendage angiography, cardiac computed tomography angiography, and three-dimensional reconstruction model can evaluate the morphology and size of the left atrial appendage. The cardiac computed tomography angiography and three-dimensional reconstruction model could demonstrate the internal structure of the left atrial appendage more clearly.