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Aims To investigate coping strategies and identify their associated factors among Chinese clinical nurses during the early stage of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Design A cross‐sectional study. Methods This study was conducted in seven designated hospitals involved in the diagnosis and treatment of the coronavirus disease 2019 in the southwest of China between 1 February and 31 March, 2020. Multiple linear regression was conducted to explore the association of different factors with the coping strategies of nurses. Results Nurses’ positive coping was associated with higher psychological capital (B = 0.185, 95% CI 0.158–0.213), social support (B = 0.292, 95% CI 0.244–0.340) and lower frustration (B = −0.065, 95% CI −0.123 to −0.007). In contrast, higher frustration (B = 0.091, 95% CI 0.044–0.139), lower performance (B = −0.054, 95% CI −0.101 to −0.007) and psychological capital (B = −0.035, 95% CI −0.055 to −0.014) were associated with negative coping.

Various types of eosinophilic neurons (ENs) are found in the post-ischemic brain. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the temporal and spatial profile of ENs, the expression of TUNEL staining and ultrastructural characteristics in the core and peripheral regions of the cortex post-ischemia. Unilateral forebrain ischemia was induced in Mongolian gerbils by transient common carotid artery occlusions, and the brains from 3 h to 2 weeks post-ischemia were prepared for morphometric, electron microscopy (EM) and TUNEL staining of the ENs. Light microscopy showed that ENs with minimally abnormal nuclei and swollen cell bodies appeared at 3 h in the ischemic core and at 12 h in the periphery. Thereafter, ENs with pyknosis and irregular atrophic cytoplasm peaked at 12 h, pyknosis with scant cytoplasm peaked at 4 days, and TUNEL-positive staining was observed in the ischemic core. In the ischemic periphery, ENs had slightly atrophic cytoplasm and sequentially developed pyknosis, karyorrhexis and karyolysis over 1 week. These cells were also positive for TUNEL. In EM, severe organelle dilation and vacuolization preceded chromatin fragmentation in the ischemic core, while chromatin fragmentation and homogenization were the vital characteristics in the ischemic periphery. There might be two region-dependent pathways for EN changes in the post-ischemic brain: pyknosis with cytoplasmic shrinkage in the core and nuclear disintegration with slightly atrophic cytoplasm in the periphery. These pathways were comparable to necrosis and proceeded from non-classical apoptosis to necrosis, respectively.

A series of new 14-hydroxymorphinan analogues with a thiazole or imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole fragment as the heterocyclic function fused to ring C were designed and synthesized. These compounds can be viewed as the result of a direct modification at ring C of the 14-hydroxymorphinan scaffold. Among these compounds, three were identified as having potent binding affinity (approximately 1 nM) at both kappa and mu receptors, and acting as agonists at kappa and partial agonists or antagonists at mu receptors. In view of the promising results from studies on compounds with mixed kappa and mu receptor activities, these new compounds warrant further investigation.

The enantioselective hydrogenation of a series of challenging substrates, α-aryl-β-substituted acrylic acids, was realized with high efficiency and enantioselectivity (up to 96%) under the catalysis of Ir(I) complex of Spiro-based P,N ligand, SpinPHOX.