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1. Harmonizing brain magnetic resonance imaging methods for vascular contributions to neurodegeneration

Author

Eric E. Smith, Geert Jan Biessels, François De Guio, Frank Erik deLeeuw, Simon Duchesne, Marco Düring, Richard Frayne, M. Arfan Ikram, Eric Jouvent, Bradley J. MacIntosh, Michael J. Thrippleton, Meike W. Vernooij, Hieab Adams, Walter H. Backes, Lucia Ballerini, Sandra E. Black, Christopher Chen, Rod Corriveau, Charles DeCarli, Steven M. Greenberg, M. Edip Gurol, Michael Ingrisch, Dominic Job, Bonnie Y.K. Lam, Lenore J. Launer, Jennifer Linn, Cheryl R. McCreary, Vincent C.T. Mok, Leonardo Pantoni, G. Bruce Pike, Joel Ramirez, Yael D. Reijmer, Jose Rafael Romero, Stefan Ropele, Natalia S. Rost, Perminder S. Sachdev, Christopher J.M. Scott, Sudha Seshadri, Mukul Sharma, Steven Sourbron, Rebecca M.E. Steketee, Richard H. Swartz, Robert vanOostenbrugge, Matthias vanOsch, Sanneke vanRooden, Anand Viswanathan, David Werring, Martin Dichgans, and Joanna M. Wardlaw

Subjects
Cerebrovascular disease, Stroke, Dementia, Magnetic resonance imaging, Radiology, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429, Geriatrics, RC952-954.6
Abstract

Abstract Introduction Many consequences of cerebrovascular disease are identifiable by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but variation in methods limits multicenter studies and pooling of data. The European Union Joint Program on Neurodegenerative Diseases (EU JPND) funded the HARmoNizing Brain Imaging MEthodS for VaScular Contributions to Neurodegeneration (HARNESS) initiative, with a focus on cerebral small vessel disease. Methods Surveys, teleconferences, and an in‐person workshop were used to identify gaps in knowledge and to develop tools for harmonizing imaging and analysis. Results A framework for neuroimaging biomarker development was developed based on validating repeatability and reproducibility, biological principles, and feasibility of implementation. The status of current MRI biomarkers was reviewed. A website was created at www.harness‐neuroimaging.org with acquisition protocols, a software database, rating scales and case report forms, and a deidentified MRI repository. Conclusions The HARNESS initiative provides resources to reduce variability in measurement in MRI studies of cerebral small vessel disease.

Published
2019
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2. A study of cortical morphology in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders

Author

Christopher D. Molteno, Ernesta M. Meintjes, Sandra W. Jacobson, François De Guio, Matthieu Perrot, Jean-François Mangin, Joseph L. Jacobson, and Denis Rivière

Subjects
Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Fetal alcohol syndrome, Cortical morphology, Magnetic resonance imaging, Alcohol, medicine.disease, Alcohol consumption during pregnancy, Fetal alcohol, chemistry.chemical_compound, Neurology, chemistry, Brain size, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Neurology (clinical), Cortical surface, Anatomy, business
Abstract

Prenatal alcohol exposure is responsible for a broad range of brain structural malformations, which can be studied using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Advanced MRI methods have emerged to characterize brain abnormalities, but the teratogenic effects of alcohol on cortical morphol- ogy have received little attention to date. Twenty-four 9-year-old children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (9 with fetal alcohol syndrome, 15 heavy exposed nonsyndromal children) and 16 age- matched controls were studied to assess the effect of alcohol consumption during pregnancy on corti- cal morphology. An automated method was applied to 3D T1-weighted images to assess cortical gyrifi- cation using global and regional sulcal indices and two region-based morphological measurements, mean sulcal depth and fold opening. Increasing levels of alcohol exposure were related to reduced cortical folding complexity, even among children with normal brain size, indicating a reduction of bur- ied cortical surface. Fold opening was the strongest anatomical correlate of prenatal alcohol intake, indicating a widening of sulci in all regions that were examined. These data identify cortical morphol

Published
2013

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