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Background: High-resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) is a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique that enables the characterization of metabolic phenotypes/metabolite profiles of cells, tissues, and organs, under both normal and pathological conditions, without resorting to time-consuming extraction techniques., Objectives: To assess the impact of chemical skin sensitizers vs non-sensitizers on the metabolome of three-dimensional reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) by HRMAS NMR., Methods: Based on the SENS-IS assay, 12 skin sensitizers and five non-sensitizing chemicals were investigated and applied on EpiSkin RHE at the published maximal non-irritating concentrations under the conditions of the test. The metabolome of RHE samples was then analyzed by HRMAS NMR., Results: A total of 32 different metabolites were identified; 20 of these were quantified for all samples. Statistical univariate analysis showed that the tissue content of most measured metabolites (with the exception of acetate and glucose) was different in the untreated, treated with non-sensitizers, and treated with sensitizers samples. In RHE samples in contact with sensitizing chemicals, concentrations of 18 metabolites were significantly decreased. Alanine and tyrosine could not discriminate between sensitizer- and non-sensitizer-treated groups. A multivariate partial least-squares-discriminant analysis was performed on the two treated groups, discriminating sensitizing and non-sensitizing chemicals with a very good R2Y value of 0.87 and a good Q2Y value of 0.70., Conclusions: Data suggest that HRMAS NMR could be used to monitor the impact of chemicals, skin allergens vs non-sensitizers, on the metabolome of three-dimensional RHE., (© 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Purpose: Using the metabolomics by NMR high-resolution magic angle spinning spectroscopy, we assessed the lung metabolome of various animal species in order to identify the animal model that could be substituted to human lung in studies on fresh lung biopsies., Methods: The experiments were conducted on intact lung biopsy samples of pig, rat, mouse, and human using a Bruker Advance III 500 spectrometer. Thirty-five to 39 metabolites were identified and 23 metabolites were quantified. Principal component analysis, partial least-squares discriminant analysis, and analysis of variance tests were performed in order to compare the metabolic profiles of each animal lung biopsies to those of the human lung., Results: The metabolic composition between human and pig lung was similar. However, human lung was distinguishable from mouse and rat regarding: Trimethylamine N-oxide and betaïne which were present in rodents but not in human lung, carnitine, and glycerophosphocholine which were present in mouse but not in human lung. Conversely, succinic acid was undetected in rat lung. Furthermore, fatty acids concentration was significantly higher in rodent lungs compared to human lung., Conclusion: Using the metabolomics by NMR high-resolution magic angle spinning spectroscopy on lung biopsy, samples allowed to highlight that pig lung seems to be close to human lung as regarding its metabolite composition with more similarities than dissimilarities., (Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Standards are needed to control the quality of the lungs from nonheart-beating donors as potential grafts. This was here assessed using the metabolomics 1H high-resolution magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy. Selective perfusion of the porcine bilung block was set up 30 min after cardiac arrest with cold Perfadex®. Lung alterations were analyzed at 3, 6, and 8 h of cold ischemia as compared to baseline and to nonperfused lung. Metabolomics analysis of lung biopsies allowed identification of 35 metabolites. Levels of the majority of the metabolites increased over time at 4°C without perfusion, indicating cellular degradation, whereas levels of glutathione decreased. When lung was perfused at 4°C, levels of the majority of the metabolites remained stable, including levels of glutathione. Levels of uracil by contrast showed a reverse profile, as its signal increased over time in the absence of perfusion while being totally absent in perfused samples. Our results showed glutathione and uracil as potential biomarkers for the quality of the lung. The metabolomics 1H high-resolution magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy can be efficiently applied for the assessment of the quality of the lung as an original technique characterized by a rapid assessment of intact biopsy samples without extraction and can be implemented in hospital environment., (Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)