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3 results on '"Daniel E. Jonas"'

1. Feasibility of a best–worst scaling exercise to set priorities for autism research

Author

Scott A. Davis, Kirsten Howard, Alan R. Ellis, Daniel E. Jonas, Timothy S. Carey, Joseph P. Morrissey, and Kathleen C. Thomas

Subjects
autism, best–worst scaling, direct prioritization, discrete‐choice experiment, stakeholder engagement, stakeholder priorities, Medicine (General), R5-920, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background The preferences of autism stakeholders regarding the top priorities for future autism research are largely unknown. Objective This study had two objectives: First, to examine what autism stakeholders think new research investments should be and the attributes of investment that they consider important, and second, to explore the feasibility, acceptability and outcomes of two prioritization exercises among autism stakeholders regarding their priorities for future research in autism. Design This was a prospective stakeholder‐engaged iterative study consisting of best–worst scaling (BWS) and direct prioritization exercise. Setting and Participants A national snowball sample of 219 stakeholders was included: adults with autism, caregivers, service providers and researchers. Main Outcome Measures The main outcomes measures were attributes that participants value in future research investments, and priority research investments for future research. Results Two hundred and nineteen participants completed the exercises, of whom 11% were adults with autism, 58% were parents/family members, 37% were service providers and 21% were researchers. Among stakeholders, the BWS exercises were easier to understand than the direct prioritization, less frequently skipped and yielded more consistent results. The proportion of children with autism affected by the research was the most important attribute for all types of stakeholders. The top three priorities among future research investments were (1) evidence on which child, family and intervention characteristics lead to the best/worst outcomes; (2) evidence on how changes in one area of a child's life are related to changes in other areas; and (3) evidence on dietary interventions. Priorities were similar for all stakeholder types. Conclusions The values and priorities examined here provide a road map for investigators and funders to pursue autism research that matters to stakeholders. Patient or Public Contribution Stakeholders completed a BWS and direct prioritization exercise to inform us about their priorities for future autism research.

Published
2022
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2. Implementation of a Process for Initiating Naltrexone in Patients Hospitalized for Alcohol Detoxification or Withdrawal

Author

James C. Garbutt, Kelly V. Stepanek, Allen Liles, Daniel E Jonas, John R. Stephens, Britta Starke, and Carlton Moore

Subjects
Counseling, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Leadership and Management, medicine.medical_treatment, Subgroup analysis, Assessment and Diagnosis, Patient Readmission, 01 natural sciences, Naltrexone, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Sobriety, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, In patient, 030212 general & internal medicine, 0101 mathematics, Care Planning, business.industry, Health Policy, 010102 general mathematics, Health Plan Implementation, Alcohol detoxification, General Medicine, Odds ratio, Emergency department, Middle Aged, Patient Discharge, Confidence interval, Alcoholism, Female, Fundamentals and skills, Emergency Service, Hospital, business, Alcohol Deterrents, medicine.drug
Abstract

BACKGROUND Naltrexone trials have demonstrated improved outcomes for patients with alcohol use disorders. Hospital initiation of naltrexone has had limited study. OBJECTIVE To describe the implementation and impact of a process for counseling hospitalized patients with alcohol withdrawal about naltrexone. DESIGN A pre-post study analysis. SETTING A tertiary academic center. PATIENTS Patients hospitalized for alcohol withdrawal. INTERVENTION (1) Provider education about the efficacy and contraindications of naltrexone and (2) algorithms for evaluating patients for naltrexone. MEASUREMENTS The percentages of patients counseled about and prescribed naltrexone before discharge and the percentages of pre- and postintervention patients with 30-day emergency department (ED) revisits and rehospitalizations. RESULTS We identified 128 patient encounters before and 114 after implementation. The percentage of patients counseled about naltrexone rose from 1.6% preimplementation to 63.2% postimplementation (P

Published
2018

3. Systematic Review: Effective Characteristics of Nursing Homes and Other Residential Long-Term Care Settings for People with Dementia

Author

Anna Song Beeber, Philip D. Sloane, Sheryl Zimmerman, Shannon Brode, Kathleen N. Lohr, Lea C. Watson, Meera Viswanathan, Wayne Anderson, Linda J Lux, and Daniel E Jonas

Subjects
Gerontology, Population, Social Environment, Affect (psychology), law.invention, Cohort Studies, Randomized controlled trial, Alzheimer Disease, Assisted Living Facilities, law, Homes for the Aged, Humans, Medicine, Dementia, Prospective Studies, education, Prospective cohort study, Psychomotor Agitation, Aged, Quality Indicators, Health Care, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Family caregivers, medicine.disease, Long-Term Care, Nursing Homes, Long-term care, Evidence-Based Practice, Geriatrics and Gerontology, business, Psychosocial
Abstract

Objectives: In response to the need for an evidence-based review of factors within long-term care settings that affect the quality of care, this review compared characteristics of nursing homes and other residential long-term care settings for people with dementia and their informal family caregivers with respect to health and psychosocial outcomes. Design Databases were searched for literature published between 1990 and March 2012 that met review criteria, including that at least 80% of the subject population had dementia. Results Fourteen articles meeting review criteria that were of at least fair quality were found: four prospective cohort studies, nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and one nonrandomized controlled trial. Overall, low or insufficient strength of evidence was found regarding the effect of most organizational characteristics, structures, and processes of care on health and psychosocial outcomes for people with dementia and no evidence for informal caregivers. Findings of moderate strength of evidence indicate that pleasant sensory stimulation reduces agitation for people with dementia. Also, although the strength of evidence is low, protocols for individualized care and to improve function result in better outcomes for these individuals. Finally, outcomes do not differ between nursing homes and residential care or assisted living settings for people with dementia except when medical care is indicated. Conclusion: Given the paucity of high-quality studies in this area, additional research is needed to develop a sufficient evidence base to support consumer selection, practice, and policy regarding the best settings and characteristics of settings for residential long-term care of people with dementia.

Published
2013

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