1. Protein transport into peroxisomes: Knowns and unknowns
- Author
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Tony A. Rodrigues, Ana F. Dias, Jorge E. Azevedo, Tânia Francisco, Aurora Barros-Barbosa, D. Bicho, and Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Peroxisome-Targeting Signal 1 Receptor ,Ubiquitination/physiology ,Biology ,Ribosome ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Protein Transport/physiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Organelle ,Peroxisomes ,Monoubiquitination ,Animals ,Humans ,Peroxisomal targeting signal ,Peroxisomal Targeting Signal 2 Receptor ,Peroxisomal matrix ,Signal Transduction/physiology ,Peroxisomes/metabolism ,Ubiquitination ,Peroxisome ,Transmembrane protein ,Transport protein ,Cell biology ,Protein Transport ,030104 developmental biology ,Peroxisome-Targeting Signal 1 Receptor/metabolism ,Signal Transduction ,Peroxisomal Targeting Signal 2 Receptor/metabolism - Abstract
Peroxisomal matrix proteins are synthesized on cytosolic ribosomes and rapidly transported into the organelle by a complex machinery. The data gathered in recent years suggest that this machinery operates through a syringe-like mechanism, in which the shuttling receptor PEX5 - the “plunger” - pushes a newly synthesized protein all the way through a peroxisomal transmembrane protein complex - the “barrel” - into the matrix of the organelle. Notably, insertion of cargo-loaded receptor into the “barrel” is an ATP-independent process, whereas extraction of the receptor back into the cytosol requires its monoubiquitination and the action of ATP-dependent mechanoenzymes. Here, we review the main data behind this model. We would like to thank Dr. Marc Fransen (KU Leuven) for his critical reading of the manuscript. This work was financed by FEDER - Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional, funds through the COMPETE 2020 - Operacional Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalization (POCI), Portugal 2020, and by Portuguese funds through FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia/Ministerio da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação in the framework of the projects “Institute for Research and Innovation in Health Sciences” (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007274) and “Themolecular mechanisms of peroxisome biogenesis” (PTDC/BEX-BCM/2311/2014), and through Norte 2020–Programa Operacional Regional do Norte, under the application of the “Porto Neurosciences and Neurologic Disease Research Initiative at i3S (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000008).” T.F., T.A.R., A.F.D., A.B.B., and D.B. were supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Programa Operacional Potencial Humano do QREN and Fundo Social Europeu.
- Published
- 2017