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24 results on '"Collins, Gareth S."'

1. The Winchcombe fireball—That lucky survivor

Author

McMullan, Sarah, primary, Vida, Denis, additional, Devillepoix, Hadrien A. R., additional, Rowe, Jim, additional, Daly, Luke, additional, King, Ashley J., additional, Cupák, Martin, additional, Howie, Robert M., additional, Sansom, Eleanor K., additional, Shober, Patrick, additional, Towner, Martin C., additional, Anderson, Seamus, additional, McFadden, Luke, additional, Horák, Jana, additional, Smedley, Andrew R. D., additional, Joy, Katherine H., additional, Shuttleworth, Alan, additional, Colas, Francois, additional, Zanda, Brigitte, additional, O'Brien, Áine C., additional, McMullan, Ian, additional, Shaw, Clive, additional, Suttle, Adam, additional, Suttle, Martin D., additional, Young, John S., additional, Campbell‐Burns, Peter, additional, Kacerek, Richard, additional, Bassom, Richard, additional, Bosley, Steve, additional, Fleet, Richard, additional, Jones, Dave, additional, McIntyre, Mark, additional, James, Nick, additional, Robson, Derek, additional, Dickinson, Paul, additional, Bland, Philip A., additional, and Collins, Gareth S., additional

Published
2023
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2. The fusion crust of the Winchcombe meteorite: A preserved record of atmospheric entry processes

Author

Genge, Matthew J., Alesbrook, Luke, Almeida, Natasha V., Bates, Helena C., Bland, Phil A., Boyd, Mark R., Burchell, Mark J., Collins, Gareth S., Cornwell, Luke.T., Daly, Luke, Devillepoix, Hadrien A. R., van Ginneken, Matthias, Greshake, Ansgar, Hallatt, Daniel, Hamann, Christopher, Hecht, Lutz, Jenkins, Laura E., Johnson, Diane, Jones, Rosie, King, Ashley J., Mansour, Haithem, McMullan, Sarah, Mitchell, Jennifer T., Rollinson, Gavyn, Russell, Sara S., Schröder, Christian, Stephen, Natasha R., Suttle, Martin D., Tandy, Jon D., Trimby, Patrick, Sansom, Eleanor K., Spathis, Vassilia, Willcocks, Francesca M., Wozniakiewicz, Penelope J., Genge, Matthew J., Alesbrook, Luke, Almeida, Natasha V., Bates, Helena C., Bland, Phil A., Boyd, Mark R., Burchell, Mark J., Collins, Gareth S., Cornwell, Luke.T., Daly, Luke, Devillepoix, Hadrien A. R., van Ginneken, Matthias, Greshake, Ansgar, Hallatt, Daniel, Hamann, Christopher, Hecht, Lutz, Jenkins, Laura E., Johnson, Diane, Jones, Rosie, King, Ashley J., Mansour, Haithem, McMullan, Sarah, Mitchell, Jennifer T., Rollinson, Gavyn, Russell, Sara S., Schröder, Christian, Stephen, Natasha R., Suttle, Martin D., Tandy, Jon D., Trimby, Patrick, Sansom, Eleanor K., Spathis, Vassilia, Willcocks, Francesca M., and Wozniakiewicz, Penelope J.

Abstract

Fusion crusts form during the atmospheric entry heating of meteorites and preserve a record of the conditions that occurred during deceleration in the atmosphere. The fusion crust of the Winchcombe meteorite closely resembles that of other stony meteorites, and in particular CM2 chondrites, since it is dominated by olivine phenocrysts set in a glassy mesostasis with magnetite, and is highly vesicular. Dehydration cracks are unusually abundant in Winchcombe. Failure of this weak layer is an additional ablation mechanism to produce large numbers of particles during deceleration, consistent with the observation of pulses of plasma in videos of the Winchcombe fireball. Calving events might provide an observable phenomenon related to meteorites that are particularly susceptible to dehydration. Oscillatory zoning is observed within olivine phenocrysts in the fusion crust, in contrast to other meteorites, perhaps owing to temperature fluctuations resulting from calving events. Magnetite monolayers are found in the crust, and have also not been previously reported, and form discontinuous strata. These features grade into magnetite rims formed on the external surface of the crust and suggest the trapping of surface magnetite by collapse of melt. Magnetite monolayers may be a feature of meteorites that undergo significant degassing. Silicate warts with dendritic textures were observed and are suggested to be droplets ablated from another stone in the shower. They, therefore, represent the first evidence for intershower transfer of ablation materials and are consistent with the other evidence in the Winchcombe meteorite for unusually intense gas loss and ablation, despite its low entry velocity.

Published
2023

3. The fusion crust of the Winchcombe meteorite: A preserved record of atmospheric entry processes

Author

Genge, Matthew J., primary, Alesbrook, Luke, additional, Almeida, Natasha V., additional, Bates, Helena C., additional, Bland, Phil A., additional, Boyd, Mark R., additional, Burchell, Mark J., additional, Collins, Gareth S., additional, Cornwell, Luke T., additional, Daly, Luke, additional, Devillepoix, Hadrien A. R., additional, van Ginneken, Matthias, additional, Greshake, Ansgar, additional, Hallatt, Daniel, additional, Hamann, Christopher, additional, Hecht, Lutz, additional, Jenkins, Laura E., additional, Johnson, Diane, additional, Jones, Rosie, additional, King, Ashley J., additional, Mansour, Haithem, additional, McMullan, Sarah, additional, Mitchell, Jennifer T., additional, Rollinson, Gavyn, additional, Russell, Sara S., additional, Schröder, Christian, additional, Stephen, Natasha R., additional, Suttle, Martin D., additional, Tandy, Jon D., additional, Trimby, Patrick, additional, Sansom, Eleanor K., additional, Spathis, Vassilia, additional, Willcocks, Francesca M., additional, and Wozniakiewicz, Penelope J., additional

Published
2023
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6. Impact‐induced porosity and microfracturing at the Chicxulub impact structure

Author

Rae, Auriol S.P., Collins, Gareth S., Morgan, Joanna V., Salge, Tobias, Christeson, Gail L., Leung, Jody, Lofi, Johanna, Gulick, Sean P.S., Poelchau, Michael, Riller, Ulrich, Gebhardt, Catalina, Grieve, Richard A.F., Osinski, Gordon R., and Expedition 364 Scientists

Abstract

Porosity and its distribution in impact craters has an important effect on the petrophysical properties of impactites: seismic wave speeds and reflectivity, rock permeability, strength, and density. These properties are important for the identification of potential craters and the understanding of the process and consequences of cratering. The Chicxulub impact structure, recently drilled by the joint International Ocean Discovery Program and International Continental scientific Drilling Program Expedition 364, provides a unique opportunity to compare direct observations of impactites with geophysical observations and models. Here, we combine small‐scale petrographic and petrophysical measurements with larger‐scale geophysical measurements and numerical simulations of the Chicxulub impact structure. Our aim is to assess the cause of unusually high porosities within the Chicxulub peak ring and the capability of numerical impact simulations to predict the gravity signature and the distribution and texture of porosity within craters. We show that high porosities within the Chicxulub peak ring are primarily caused by shock‐induced microfracturing. These fractures have preferred orientations, which can be predicted by considering the orientations of principal stresses during shock, and subsequent deformation during peak ring formation. Our results demonstrate that numerical impact simulations, implementing the Dynamic Collapse Model of peak ring formation, can accurately predict the distribution and orientation of impact‐induced microfractures in large craters, which plays an important role in the geophysical signature of impact structures.

Published
2019

7. Stress‐strain evolution during peak‐ring formation: a case study of the Chicxulub impact structure

Author

Rae, Auriol S.P., Collins, Gareth S., Poelchau, Michael, Riller, Ulrich, Davison, Thomas M., Grieve, Richard A.F., Osinski, Gordon R., Morgan, Joanna V., and IODP‐ICDP Expedition 364 Scientists

Abstract

Deformation is a ubiquitous process that occurs to rocks during impact cratering; thus, quantifying the deformation of those rocks can provide first‐order constraints on the process of impact cratering. Until now, specific quantification of the conditions of stress and strain within models of impact cratering has not been compared to structural observations. This paper describes a methodology to analyze stress and strain within numerical impact models. This method is then used to predict deformation and its cause during peak‐ring formation: a complex process that is not fully understood, requiring remarkable transient weakening and causing a significant redistribution of crustal rocks. The presented results are timely due to the recent Joint International Ocean Discovery Program and International Continental Scientific Drilling Program drilling of the peak ring within the Chicxulub crater, permitting direct comparison between the deformation history within numerical models and the structural history of rocks from a peak ring. The modeled results are remarkably consistent with observed deformation within the Chicxulub peak ring, constraining the following: (1) the orientation of rocks relative to their preimpact orientation; (2) total strain, strain rates, and the type of shear during each stage of cratering; and (3) the orientation and magnitude of principal stresses during each stage of cratering. The methodology and analysis used to generate these predictions is general and, therefore, allows numerical impact models to be constrained by structural observations of impact craters and for those models to produce quantitative predictions.

Published
2019

19. Investigation of iron sulfide impact crater residues: A combined analysis by scanning and transmission electron microscopy

Author

WOZNIAKIEWICZ, Penelope J., primary, ISHII, Hope A., additional, KEARSLEY, Anton T., additional, BURCHELL, Mark J., additional, BLAND, Philip A., additional, BRADLEY, John P., additional, DAI, Zurong, additional, TESLICH, Nick, additional, COLLINS, Gareth S., additional, COLE, Mike J., additional, and RUSSELL, Sara S., additional

Published
2011
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