Search

Background Whether adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) cancer prevention recommendations is associated with a reduced risk of pancreatic cancer remains controversial. Additionally, no study has investigated this association in the US population. Hence, we investigated the association of adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR cancer prevention recommendations with pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality in a US population. Methods A population‐based cohort of 95 962 participants was identified. A score incorporating eight WCRF/AICR components was constructed to reflect adherence to the WCRF/AICR guidelines, with higher scores representing greater adherence to the guidelines. Cox and competing risk regression were used to calculate risk estimates for pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality, respectively. Restricted cubic spline functions were used to test nonlinearity. Results In the fully adjusted model, higher overall WCRF/AICR scores were shown to be associated with lower risks of developing pancreatic cancer (hazard ratiotertile 3 vs 1:0.67; 95% confidence interval: 0.49, 0.90; P trend = .0099) and mortality due to this cancer (subdistribution hazard ratiotertile 3 vs 1 0.65; 95% confidence interval: 0.47, 0.89; P trend = .0108) in a linear dose–response manner (all P nonlinearity > .05). The component “be physically active” was shown to be a key contributor to the observed associations. No association of the diet‐specific WCRF/AICR score with pancreatic incidence and mortality was found. Conclusions Adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR guidelines, especially “be physically active,” confers reduced risks of pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality in the US population; however, adherence to dietary components alone does not confer such beneficial effects., In this prospective study of 95962 American adults, we found that greater adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR recommendations was associated with lower risks of pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality. However, such beneficial effects were not found for adherence to diet‐specific recommendations alone.Importantly, the component “be physically active” was found to be a key driver of the observed associations.

Epidemiological studies on magnesium intake and primary liver cancer (PLC) are scarce, and no prospective studies have examined the associations of magnesium intake with PLC incidence and mortality. We sought to clarify whether higher magnesium intake from diet and supplements was associated with lower risks of PLC incidence and mortality in the US population. Magnesium intake from diet and supplements was evaluated through a food frequency questionnaire in a cohort of 104,025 participants. Cox regression was employed to calculate hazard ratios for PLC incidence and competing risk regression was employed to calculate subdistribution hazard ratios for PLC mortality. Restricted cubic spline regression was employed to test nonlinearity. We documented 116 PLC cases during 1,193,513.5 person-years of follow-up and 100 PLC deaths during 1,198,021.3 person-years of follow-up. Total (diet + supplements) magnesium intake was found to be inversely associated with risks of PLC incidence (hazard ratiotertile 3 vs. 1 : 0.44; 95% confidence interval: 0.24, 0.80; ptrend = 0.0065) and mortality (subdistribution hazard ratiotertile 3 vs. 1 : 0.37; 95% confidence interval: 0.19, 0.71; ptrend = 0.0008). Similar results were obtained for dietary magnesium intake. Nonlinear inverse dose-response associations with PLC incidence and mortality were observed for both total and dietary magnesium intakes (all pnonlinearity

Starting from α-chloro-lauric acid which was obtained from lauric acid through selectively chlorinating at the α-position with chlorine, a novel surfactant α-dimethyl oxamino dodecyl acid was synthesized with high yield via an economic route. The structure of α-dimethyl oxamino dodecyl acid was confirmed by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Surface tension, foaming properties and emulsifying measurements were performed to study the aqueous solution properties of the synthesized surfactant. The results showed that the behavior of the α-dimethyl oxamino dodecyl acid strongly depend on the pH of aqueous solution: it had high surface activity, excellent foaming properties and emulsion stability for paraffin oil at acid pH while the corresponding properties decrease substantially at alkaline pH.