Search

Abstract A natural product is a compound or substance originating from a living organism and found in nature. Daidzein belongs to the class of bioflavonoids, which are plant‐derived compounds with various biological activities. Predominantly exists in soybeans and several legumes in either glycoside or aglycone forms. Its primary chemical constituents include metabolites like equol and trihydroxy isoflavone, generated through the influence of intestinal bacteria. Daidzein has exhibited pharmacological impacts on different ailments, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, skin disorders, osteoporosis, and neurodegenerative disorders. Daidzein's mechanisms of action involve interactions with estrogen receptors, as well as its antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties, along with its ability to regulate apoptosis and the cell cycle. In efforts to enhance its solubility, stability, bioavailability, and targeting, daidzein has been innovatively formulated into novel dosage forms, including nanoparticles, liposomes, microemulsions, and nanosuspensions. As a promising nutraceutical, daidzein presents multiple health benefits and holds potential for various clinical applications. Additional investigation is required to comprehend the molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon and assess its safety. The purpose of this review is to provide a short description of the therapeutic properties, chemical composition, traditional use, toxicology profile, new insights on the dosage form, and future prospects of daidzein.

Abstract Arecacatechu, commonly known as supari, consists of dried ripe nuts that came under Arecaceae family, which is cultivated in the tropical region of India and Southeast Asia. It is a prevalent traditional herbal medicine that is chewed to separate collected fluid in the alimentary canal and for killing worms. Areca catechu seed contains alkaloids (arecoline, arecaine, arecaidine, guvacoline, guvacine, and choline), tannin, gallic acid, gum, and various minerals such as copper, calcium, phosphorus, and iron. The chemical constituents of this plant have been used as antidiabetic, stomatitis, bleeding gums, gingivitis, conjunctivitis, glaucoma, leucorrhoea, urinary disorders, anorexia, diarrhea, blood pressure regulating activity, antiulcerogenic, antioxidant activity, anticonvulsant activity, central nervous system stimulant activity, antifertility, oxytocic activity, antiviral activity, anthelmintic, and foul breath. It showed a dose‐dependent toxicity profile, and various research has been done regarding its safety analysis and it would be considered safe when administered in the prescribed dose. The purpose of the present paper is to make available an up‐to‐date review on the ethnic, traditional description, morphology, phytochemistry, and the pharmacological and toxicological profile of this plant. Furthermore, the possible advances, trends, and a perspective for forthcoming research of this plant have also conversed.