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Key Clinical Message Coronary artery aneurysm (CAA), marked by diffuse or localized dilation of artery, can cause life‐threatening complications in acute coronary syndrome. This report presents a case of CAA combined with acute ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction, successfully treated with cardiac rehabilitation exercise therapy, offering insights for clinical practice.

Abstract Although acid‐sensing ion channels (ASICs) are proton‐gated ion channels responsible for sensing tissue acidosis, accumulating evidence has shown that ASICs are also involved in neurosensory mechanotransduction. However, in contrast to Piezo ion channels, evidence of ASICs as mechanically gated ion channels has not been found using conventional mechanoclamp approaches. Instead, ASICs are involved in the tether model of mechanotransduction, with the channels gated via tethering elements of extracellular matrix and intracellular cytoskeletons. Methods using substrate deformation‐driven neurite stretch and micropipette‐guided ultrasound were developed to reveal the roles of ASIC3 and ASIC1a, respectively. Here we summarize the evidence supporting the roles of ASICs in neurosensory mechanotransduction in knockout mouse models of ASIC subtypes and provide insight to further probe their roles in proprioception.

Key Clinical Message In a patient with metastatic breast cancer, an acquired BRCA mutation in the BRCA gene was detected, resulting in benefits from olaparib treatment. This underscores the importance of ongoing genetic phenotype testing after paclitaxel chemotherapy. Abstract Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with a poor prognosis and elevated mortality risk. BRCA mutations are commonly regarded as prevalent mutations in TNBC patients, strongly associated with congenital familial heredity. Dynamic changes in mutation sites, however, are rarely reported. In this case report, we report a 59‐year‐old TNBC patient who developed pulmonary metastases post‐chemoradiotherapy. No BRCA mutations were detected through NGS. After 7.6 months of nab‐paclitaxel treatment, the patient experienced progression of lung metastases, and BRCA mutations were detected through NGS testing. Subsequent administration of olaparib resulted in a reduction in lung metastasis, demonstrating significant therapeutic efficacy. This case underscores the infrequent occurrence of treatment‐induced BRCA mutations and emphasizes the significance of dynamic NGS genetic testing for real‐time assessment of a patient's mutational status.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) of frunexian (formerly known as EP‐7041 and HSK36273) injection, a small molecule inhibitor of activated coagulation factor XI (FXIa), in healthy Chinese adult volunteers. This study was a randomized, placebo‐ and positive‐controlled, sequential, ascending‐dose (0.3/0.6/1.0/1.5/2.25 mg/kg/h) study of 5‐day continuous intravenous infusions of frunexian. Frunexian administration exhibited an acceptable safety profile with no bleeding events. Steady state was rapidly reached with a median time ranging from 1.02 to 1.50 h. The mean half‐life ranged from 1.15 to 1.43 h. Frunexian plasma concentration at a steady state and area under the concentration–time curve exhibited dose‐proportional increases. The dose‐escalation study of frunexian demonstrated its progressively enhanced capacities to prolong activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and inhibit FXIa activity. The correlations between PK and PD biomarkers (aPTT/baseline and FXI clotting activity/baseline) were described by the two Emax models, with the EC50 values of 8940 and 1300 ng/mL, respectively. Frunexian exhibits good safety and PK/PD properties, suggesting it is a promising candidate for anticoagulant drug.

Abstract Background Whether estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) by differing biomarkers are differentially associated with mortality or whether the associations differ by diabetes status remains unclear, especially in Chinese population. Methods We included 6995 participants without diabetes (mean age: 60.4 years) and 1543 with diabetes (mean age: 61.8 years). Each eGFR measure was divided into normal (≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2), modestly declined (60 to

Background. Elevated red blood cell distribution width (RDW) levels are strongly associated with an increased risk of mortality in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). Additionally, heart failure has been closely linked to diabetes. Nevertheless, the relationship between RDW and in-hospital mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU) among patients with both congestive heart failure (CHF) and diabetes mellitus (DM) remains uncertain. Methods. This retrospective study utilized data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database, a comprehensive critical care repository. RDW was assessed as both continuous and categorical variables. The primary outcome of the study was in-hospital mortality at the time of hospital discharge. We examined the association between RDW on ICU admission and in-hospital mortality using multivariable logistic regression models, restricted cubic spline analysis, and subgroup analysis. Results. The cohort consisted of 7,063 patients with both DM and CHF (3,135 females and 3,928 males). After adjusting for potential confounders, we found an association between a 9% increase in mortality rate and a 1 g/L increase in RDW level (OR = 1.09; 95% CI, 1.05∼1.13), which was associated with 11 and 58% increases in mortality rates in Q2 (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 0.87∼1.43) and Q3 (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.22∼2.04), respectively, compared with that in Q1. Moreover, we observed a significant linear association between RDW and in-hospital mortality, along with strong stratified analyses to support the findings. Conclusions. Our findings establish a positive association between RDW and in-hospital mortality in patients with DM and CHF.

Abstract Objective To investigate the changes in memory T cells and the related factors in mice by the establishment of a BALB/c mouse model of Echinococcus granulosus‐induced sensitization. Methods A sensitized BALB/c mouse model was established by intraperitoneal injection of E. granulosus. A control group (CTRL), a nonsensitized group infected with E. granulosus (CE), and a sensitized group infected with E. granulosus (ANPC) were set up. The pathological changes in lung tissue in mice, the change in memory T cells (CD4 Tm), and the change in peripheral blood nucleated interleukin‐23 (IL‐23) were detected using HE staining, flow cytometry, and liquid‐phase multiple protein quantification techniques, respectively. Results The individual percentage of mouse memory T cells was 9.14 ± 0.45, 25.23 ± 0.17, and 13.29 ± 0.32 in the CTRL, CE, and ANPC groups, respectively. The percentage of memory T cells in the ANPC group was higher than that in the CTRL group (t = 18.410, p

Abstract Plumbene, with a structure similar to graphene, is expected to possess a strong spin–orbit coupling and thus enhances its superconducting critical temperature (Tc). In this work, a buckled plumbene‐Au Kagome superstructure grown by depositing Au on Pb(111) is investigated. The superconducting gap monitored by temperature‐dependent scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy shows that the buckled plumbene‐Au Kagome superstructure not only has an enhanced Tc with respect to that of a monolayer Pb but also possesses a higher value than what owned by a bulk Pb substrate. By combining angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy with density functional theory, the monolayer Au‐intercalated low‐buckled plumbene sandwiched between the top Au Kagome layer and the bottom Pb(111) substrate is confirmed and the electron–phonon coupling‐enhanced superconductivity is revealed. This work demonstrates that a buckled plumbene‐Au Kagome superstructure can enhance superconducting Tc and Rashba effect, effectively triggering the novel properties of a plumbene.

Abstract Background Starting with low metastatic capability, T4N0M0 (diameter ≥ 7 cm) non‐small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) constitute a unique tumor subset, as with a large tumor size but no regional or distant metastases. We systematically investigated intratumoral heterogeneity, clonal structure, chromosomal instability (CIN), and immune microenvironment in T4N0M0 (≥7 cm) NSCLCs. Methods Whole‐exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, and multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) staining were conducted to analyze 24 spatially segregated tumor samples from eight patients who were pathologically diagnosed with T4N0M0 (diameter ≥ 7 cm) NSCLCs. The adjacent normal tissues and peripheral blood served as controls. Results In total, 35.2% of mutations and 91.1% of somatic copy number alterations were classified as subclonal events, which exhibited widespread genetic intratumoral heterogeneity. In contrast, a low degree of CIN was observed. None of the patients had genome doubling. The burden of loss of heterozygosity, aneuploidy, and the genome instability index of these tumors were significantly lower than those in the TRACERx cohort. Expression profiles revealed significantly upregulated expression of cell division‐related signals and the G2/M checkpoint pathway. In addition, a similar expression pattern of the immune microenvironment was observed in different regions of the tumor, which was confirmed by mIHC profiles. Conclusions Our study indicates the presence of intratumoral genetic heterogeneity and immune microenvironmental heterogeneity features in T4N0M0 NSCLCs, and the low degree of CIN may be related to the low metastatic capability.

Abstract Purpose Some studies have indicated that using 500 mg/m2 rituximab combined with CHOP‐14 may be beneficial for elderly men but not women with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential benefit of escalated doses of rituximab with CHOP‐21 as the first‐line treatment in male patients with DLBCL. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study to analyze the survival benefit of rituximab 500 mg/m2 plus the CHOP‐21 regimen (Escalated‐R‐CHOP‐21) as the first‐line treatment compared with using rituximab 375 mg/m2 plus the CHOP‐21 regimen (Standard‐R‐CHOP‐21) in men with DLBCL. We used propensity score matching to maximize the balance of the observed covariables. The primary endpoints of this study were the progression‐free survival (PFS) rate and overall survival (OS) rate at 3 years. Results After a median follow‐up of 47 months (IQR 31–65), no significant difference in PFS and OS was found for men treated with Escalated‐R‐CHOP‐21 compared with Standard‐R‐CHOP‐21 [3‐year PFS: 69.7% versus 71.9%, p = 0.867; 3‐year OS: 83.0% versus 82.4%, p = 0.660]. After 1:1 propensity score matching, we found that the patients using Escalated‐R‐CHOP‐21 had statistically significant survival benefits relative to Standard‐R‐CHOP‐21 among the 96 matched elderly male patients for 3‐year PFS [75.5% (95% CI 62.8–88.2) versus 58.2% (95% CI 44.3–72.1); p = 0.019] and 3‐year OS [86.6% (95% CI 76.4–96.8) versus 65.8% (95% CI 52.1–79.5); p = 0.017]. However, no differences in survival were observed for younger male patients. Furthermore, the dose effect in PFS of Escalated‐R‐CHOP‐21 was more obvious for elderly male patients with no high‐risk extranodal sites (p = 0.005 and interaction p = 0.030). Conclusion Escalated‐R‐CHOP‐21 could be a safe and effective option for treating elderly male patients with DLBCL. This study provides new insight into optimizing the standard treatment regimen, which may have important therapeutic implications in elderly male patients with DLBCL.

Abstract Objectives To investigate the utility of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for prostate cancer diagnosis in the Australian setting. Patients and methods All consecutive men who underwent a prostate biopsy (transperineal or transrectal) at Royal Melbourne Hospital between July 2017 to June 2019 were included, totalling 332 patients. Data were retrospectively collected from patient records. For each individual patient, the risk of prostate cancer diagnosis at biopsy based on clinical findings was determined using the European Randomized study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) risk calculator, with and without incorporation of MRI findings. Results MRI has good diagnostic accuracy for clinically significant prostate cancer. A PI‐RADS 2 or lower finding has a negative predictive value of 96% for clinically significant cancer, and a PI‐RADS 3, 4 or 5 MRI scan has a sensitivity of 93%. However, MRI has a false negative rate of 6.5% overall for clinically significant prostate cancers. Pre‐ biopsy MRI may reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies, as up to 50.0% of negative or ISUP1 biopsies have MRI PI‐RADS 2 or lower. Incorporation of MRI findings into the ERSPC calculator improved predictive performance for all prostate cancer diagnoses (AUC 0.77 vs 0.71, P = .04), but not for clinically significant cancer (AUC 0.89 vs 0.87, P = .37). Conclusion MRI has good sensitivity and negative predictive value for clinically significant prostate cancers. It is useful as a pre‐biopsy tool and can be used to significantly reduce the number of unnecessary prostate biopsies. However, MRI does not significantly improve risk predictions for clinically significant cancers when incorporated into the ERSPC risk calculator.

Abstract Objectives We aimed to understand the barriers experienced by physicians when prescribing for older adults with multimorbidity in specialist outpatient clinics in Singapore. Methods A modified Delphi study was conducted via email with 20 panel experts in the field of geriatric medicine. Barriers identified from an earlier scoping review were presented as statements to the panel. Results Eleven barrier statements reached consensus with high importance according to the Delphi panel. Of these statements, seven (64%) belong to the domain of Environmental context and resources in the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), while the remaining barriers belong to the domains of skills, knowledge, intentions, and professional/social role and identity. The barriers are further linked to intervention functions in the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW). Conclusion Linking the TDF domains to intervention functions revealed strategic directions for the development of an intervention to address the barriers and optimize prescribing.

Abstract Whether increasing exposure to dietary phosphorus can lead to adverse clinical outcomes in healthy people is not clear. In this open‐label prospective cross‐over study, we are to explore the impact of various dietary phosphorus intake on mineral, sodium metabolisms and blood pressure in young healthy adults. There were 3 separate study periods of 5 days, each with a 5 days washout period between different diets interventions. Six young healthy male volunteers with normal nutrition status were recruited in Phase I Clinical Research Center and sequentially exposed to the following diets: (a) normal‐phosphorus diet (NPD): 1500 mg/d, (b) low‐phosphorus diet (LPD): 500 mg/d, (c) high‐phosphorus diet (HPD): 2300 mg/d. HPD induced a significant rise in daily average serum phosphate (1.47 ± 0.02 mmol/L [4.56 ± 0.06 mg/dl]) compared to NPD (1.34 ± 0.02 mmol/L [4.15 ± 0.06 mg/dL]) and LPD (1.17 ± 0.02 mmol/L [3.63 ± 0.06 mg/dL]) (p

Abstract Objective The present study investigates the peripheral neuropathy in Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) using the nerve excitability test to further elucidate how peripheral nerves are affected by the autoantibodies. Methods Each patient received clinical evaluation, examination for anti‐SSA/Ro and anti‐SSB/La antibodies titer, paired motor and sensory nerve excitability test, thermal quantitative sensory test (QST), and nerve conduction study (NCS). Results A total of 40 pSS patients wasenrolled. Motor axonal study of the pSS with positive anti‐SSA/Ro or anti‐SSB/La antibodies (n = 28) was found to have increased stimulus for 50% compound muscle action potential (CMAP) (P

Abstract Aims/Introduction To elucidate whether axonal changes arise in the prediabetic state and to find a biomarker for early detection of neurophysiological changes. Materials and Methods We enrolled asymptomatic diabetes patients, as well as prediabetic and normoglycemic individuals to test sensory nerve excitability, and we analyzed those findings and their correlation with clinical profiles. Results In nerve excitability tests, superexcitability in the recovery cycle showed increasing changes in the normoglycemic, prediabetes and diabetes cohorts (−19.09 ± 4.56% in normoglycemia, −22.39 ± 3.16% in prediabetes and −23.71 ± 5.15% in diabetes, P = 0.002). Relatively prolonged distal sensory latency was observed in the median nerve (3.12 ± 0.29 ms in normoglycemia, 3.23 ± 0.38 ms in prediabetes and 3.45 ± 0.43 ms in diabetes, P = 0.019). Superexcitability was positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose (r = 0.291, P = 0.009) and glycated hemoglobin (r = 0.331, P = 0.003) in all participants. Conclusions Sensory superexcitability and latencies are the most sensitive parameters for detecting preclinical physiological dysfunction in prediabetes. In addition, changes in favor of superexcitability were positively correlated with glycated hemoglobin for all participants. These results suggest that early axonal changes start in the prediabetic stage, and that the monitoring strategy for polyneuropathy should start as early as prediabetes.

Abstract Background In previous studies, the predictive role of BIM deletion polymorphism with respect to responses to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‐TKIs) has been controversial. The potential reasons for these inconsistent findings were unknown. Methods Data from CTONG0901 clinical trial and medical records of Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute (GLCI) were retrospectively pooled. A total of 194 and 141 EGFR‐mutant non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with first‐ and second‐generation EGFR‐TKIs were examined in the CTONG0901 and GLCI cohorts, respectively. Sixty‐eight patients were treated with third‐generation EGFR‐TKIs in the GLCI cohort. The BIM gene status was examined by next‐generation sequencing. Results The frequency of BIM deletion polymorphism was 11.3% and 17.0% in CTONG0901 and GLCI cohorts, respectively. For first‐ and second‐generation EGFR‐TKIs in CTONG0901 cohort, objective response (ORR) was 54.5% in BIM deletion group versus 56.4% in wild‐type BIM group (P = .87); disease control rate (DCR) was 90.9% versus 88.4% (P = 1.00); progression‐free survival (PFS) was 10.5 versus 11.2 months (P = .59); and overall survival (OS) was 20.5 versus 20.5 months (P = .73). In GLCI cohort, ORR was 54.2% versus 60.7% (P = .55); DCR was 91.7% versus 96.6% (P = .27); PFS was 10.1 versus 11.6 months (P = .63); and OS was 58.5 versus 45.0 months (P = .93). For third‐generation EGFR‐TKIs, ORR was 18.2% versus 63.2% (P = .02); DCR was 81.8% versus 96.5%, (P = .12); PFS was 5.8 versus 9.0 months (P = .13); and OS was 30.0 versus 24.8 months (P = .85). Cox regression analysis showed that concomitant genetic alterations could adversely affect the response to EGFR‐TKIs, but not BIM deletion. Conclusions The presence of BIM deletion showed no relation to an impaired response to first‐, second‐, and third‐generation EGFR‐TKIs in NSCLC patients. The factors influencing the response of EGFR‐TKIs were concomitant genetic alterations, but not BIM deletion.

Abstract Background The study aims are to evaluate the associations between nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) risk and cigarette smoking and to explore the effects of cigarette smoking on Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) infection for NPC risk. Methods 1235 male NPC cases and 1262 hospital‐based male controls matched to cases were recruited across six collaborative hospitals between 2010 and 2014. Using a standardized questionnaire, information on cigarette smoking and other potential risk factors for NPC was obtained. Blood was collected and used for anti‐EBV VCA IgA and anti‐EBV EA‐EBNA1 IgA testing using standard methods. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for each risk factor after adjusting for confounders. Results 63.6% of cases and 44.0% of controls reported ever smoking cigarettes. After full adjustment, current smokers had a significant 1.60‐fold (95% CI = 1.30‐1.97) and former smokers a borderline significant 1.27‐fold (95% CI = 1.00‐1.60) increased NPC risk compared to never smokers. NPC risk increased with increasing duration, intensity, and pack‐years of cigarette smoking but not with age at smoking initiation. Among controls, anti‐EBV VCA IgA seropositivity rate was higher in current smokers than never smokers (14.0% vs 8.4%; OR = 1.82; 95% CI = 1.19‐2.79). Mediation analyses showed that more than 90% of the cigarette smoking effect on NPC risk is mediated through anti‐EBV VCA IgA. Conclusion This study confirms the association between long‐term cigarette smoking and NPC and demonstrates that current smoking is associated with seropositivity of anti‐EBV VCA IgA antibodies.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disturbance of the airways in which many cells and cellular elements are involved. Wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing, especially at night or in the early morning, are typical symptoms of asthma. At present, inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and long-acting β-agonists (LABAs) are standard treatments for regular management. Oral corticosteroids (OCSs) were recommended for controlling asthma exacerbation but only for a short-term treatment because of the side effects on organs. Biologic therapies have achieved exciting and notable effects in clinical treatment but are not applicable for all phenotypes of asthma. At present, some new approaches are under exploration to lessen side effects and improve curative effects. Studies have revealed that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) hold various curative effects in asthma and may benefit in the long term with high safety. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) enriched in body fluid were characterized as subcomponents of extracellular vesicles and delivered carriers combined with genetic messages in vivo. The therapeutic potential of exosomes has become a research hotspot in many diseases. BMMSC-derived exosomes were considered as the dominant part of BMMSCs in cell-to-cell communications and playing curative effects. Points also hold that BMMSC-Exo could interfere with airway inflammation and airway remolding in asthma via modulating the immune response, regulating gene expression, adjusting the phenotype of macrophage, etc. However, BMMSC-Exo still lacked more clinical trials for evaluating the effects on asthma, and the technology of extraction and purification still needs to be improved for wide use. This review aims to draw the relationship among asthma, BMMSC, and exosome, which may provide innovate ideas for treatment of asthma, and arouse attention about the curative potential of BMMSC-Exo.

The clinical significance and potential targets of miR-150-5p have not been elucidated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The pooled analysis based on 539 NPC samples and 75 non-NPC nasopharyngeal samples demonstrated that the expression of miR-150-5p was down-regulated in NPC, with the area under the curve being 0.89 and the standardized mean difference being −0.66. Subsequently, we further screened the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of 14 datasets, including 312 NPC samples and 70 non-NPC nasopharyngeal samples. After the DEGs were narrowed down with the predicted targets from the miRWalk database, 1316 prospective target genes of miR-150-5p were identified. The enrichment analysis suggested that “pathways in cancer” was the most significant pathway. Finally, six hub genes of “pathways in cancer”, including EGFR, TP53, HRAS, CCND1, CDH1, and FGF2, were screened out through the STRING database. In conclusion, the down-regulation of miR-150-5p modulates the tumorigenesis and progression of NPC.

Background. Eosinophils were common inflammatory cells involved in the occurrence and development of various inflammatory diseases. Multiple recent studies have pointed to the increasingly important role of eosinophils in respiratory diseases. This article aims to compare the expression differences of blood eosinophil counts between asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and asthma-COPD overlap (ACO). Methods. Patients with asthma, COPD, and ACO who were seen in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 2012 to June 2019 were included. We collected information such as age, gender, diagnosis, the eosinophil counts from the medical records. Moreover, the levels of 10 cytokines in the plasma of each group were detected by using the Meso Scale Discovery method. Results. We included 9787 patients with asthma, 15806 patients with COPD, and 831 ACO patients. From our results, it can be first found that eosinophil levels were age-related in the three diseases (asthma and ACO: p

Objective To compare the curative effect of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide and aflibercept on diabetic retinopathy (DR) cystoid macular edema. Methods A total of 102 patients with DR cystoid macular edema admitted to the hospital were enrolled between July 2018 and July 2021. According to random number table method, they were divided into the control group (intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide) and the observation group (intravitreal injection of aflibercept), 51 cases in each group. All were followed up for half a year. The clinical curative effect, visual acuity, central subfield macular thickness (CSMT), macular volume, scores of quality of life, and levels of cytokines in aqueous humor (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), human angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4)] at different time points (before and at 6 months after surgery) were compared between the two groups. The times of drugs injection and occurrence of adverse reactions in both groups were statistically analyzed. Results The total effective rate in observation group was higher than that in the control group (96.08% vs 82.35%) (P

Objective: This study assesses the attitudes and preferences of Chinese clinicians toward their involvement in shared decision making (SDM). Methods: From May 2014 to May 2015, 200 Chinese clinicians from two hospitals were enrolled to complete a survey on their attitude towards SDM. We conducted the survey via face-to-face interviews before and after an educational intervention on SDM among young Chinese clinicians. The clinicians were asked to give the extent of agreement to SDM. They also gave the extent of difficulty in using decision aids (DAs) during the SDM process. The variation in the range of responses to each question before and after the SDM intervention was recorded. The frequency of changed responses was analyzed by using JMP 6.0 software. Data were statistically analyzed using Chi-square and Mann–Whitney U tests, as appropriate to the data type. Multiple logistic regressions were used to test for those factors significantly and independently associated with preference for an approach for each scenario. Results: Of the 200 young Chinese clinicians sampled, 59.0% indicated a preference for SDM and a desire to participate in SDM before receiving education or seeing the DA, and this number increased to 69.0% after seeing the DA with the sample video of the SDM process on Statin Choice. However, 28.5% of the respondents still reported that, in their current practice, they make clinical decisions on behalf of their patients. The clinicians who denied a desire to use the DA stated that the main barriers to implement SDM or DA use in China are lack of time and knowledge of SDM. Conclusions: Most young Chinese clinicians want to participate in SDM. However, they state the main barriers to perform SDM are lack of experience and time. The educational intervention about SDM that exposes clinicians to DAs was found to increase their receptivity. Keywords: Decision aid, Shared-decision making, Cardiovascular risk, China

Objective. To investigate the effects of mung bean peptide and its’ complexes on promoting lead excretion and neuroprotection of zebrafish. Methods. The lead poisoning models of zebrafish were established by lead acetate solution; the models were treated with high and low concentrations (58.3 and 175 μg/mL) of mung bean peptides, with high, medium, and low concentrations (27.8, 83.3, and 250 μg/mL) of mung bean peptide complexes, separately. The effects of the mung bean peptide complexes on the lead content, axonal fluorescence intensity, and peripheral motor nerve length changes were identified in the zebrafish model, and the effects of mung bean peptide and its’ complexes on zebrafish's lead excretion, axonal protection rate, and peripheral movement promotion rate of nerve regeneration were calculated. Results. The effects of high concentration of mung bean peptide (175 μg/mL) in promoting lead excretion was 29% (p0.05) and 42% (p

Abstract It is very desirable to develop advanced sustainable biomedical materials with superior biosafety and bioactivity for clinical applications. Herein, biomass‐derived multilayer‐structured absorbable microparticles (MQxTy) composed of starches and plant polyphenols are readily constructed for the safe and effective treatment of bone defects with intractable bleeding by coating multiple layers of quaternized starch (Q+) and tannic acid onto microporous starch microparticles via facile layer‐by‐layer assembly. MQxTy microparticles exhibit efficient degradability, low cytotoxicity, and good blood compatibility. Among various MQxTy microparticles with distinct Q+/T− double layers, MQ2T2 with outmost polyphenol layer possess the unique properties of platelet adhesion/activation and red blood cell aggregation, resulting in the best hemostatic performance. In a mouse cancellous‐bone‐defect model, MQ2T2 exhibits the favorable hemostatic effect, low inflammation/immune responses, high biodegradability, and promoted bone repair. A proof‐of‐concept study of beagles further confirms the good performance of MQ2T2 in controlling intractable bleeding of bone defects. The present work demonstrates that such biomass‐based multilayer‐structured microparticles are very promising biomedical materials for clinical use.