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6. Design of a compact multiband circularly polarized antenna for global navigation satellite systems and 5G/B5G applications

Author

Ghazanfar Ali Safdar, Xiao Dong Chen, Xiaodong Yang, Masood Ur-Rehman, Clive Parini, and Oluyemi P. Falade

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Computer Science Applications, Circularly polarized antenna, Optics, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Satellite, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, 5G, Circular polarization
Abstract

Design of a multiband circularly polarized antenna is proposed in this article. The antenna has a simple and compact form factor by employing single‐feed stacked patch structure. It exhibits good performance at the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) frequency bands of L1, L2, and L5 and cellular communications frequency band of 2.3 GHz. The antenna has a 3‐dB axial ratio bandwidth of 1.1%, 1.0%, 4.1%, and 1.5% at the four operating bands of L1 (1.575 GHz), L2 (1.227 GHz), L5 (1.176 GHz), and 2.3 GHz. The antenna also achieves a gain of more than 2.2 dBiC and efficiency of more than 70% at the four frequencies. A detailed parametric study is carried out to investigate the importance of different structural elements on the antenna performance. Results are verified through close agreement of simulations and experimental measurements of the fabricated prototype. Good impedance matching, axial ratio bandwidth, and radiation characteristics at the four operating bands along with small profile and mechanically stable structure make this antenna a good candidate for current and future GNSS devices, mobile terminals, and small satellites for 5G/Beyond 5G (5G/B5G) applications.

Published
2020

7. Interference Mitigation in Device-to-Device Communications

Author

Masood Ur Rehman, Ghazanfar Ali Safdar, Mohammad Asad Rehman Chaudhry, Masood Ur Rehman, Ghazanfar Ali Safdar, and Mohammad Asad Rehman Chaudhry

Subjects
Wireless communication systems, Electromagnetic interference
Abstract

Explore this insightful foundational resource for academics and industry professionals dealing with the move toward intelligent devices and networks Interference Mitigation in Device-to-Device Communications delivers a thorough discussion of device-to-device (D2D) and machine-to-machine (M2M) communications as solutions to the proliferation of ever more data hungry devices being attached to wireless networks. The book explores the use of D2D and M2M technologies as a key enabling component of 5G networks. It brings together a multidisciplinary team of contributors in fields like wireless communications, signal processing, and antenna design. The distinguished editors have compiled a collection of resources that practically and accessibly address issues in the development, integration, and enhancement of D2D systems to create an interference-free network. This book explores the complications posed by the restriction of device form-factors and the co-location of several electronic components in a small space, as well as the proximity of legacy systems operating in similar frequency bands. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to device-to-device communication, including its history and development over the last decade, network architecture, standardization issues, and regulatory and licensing hurdles An exploration of interference mitigation in device-to-device communication underlaying LTE-A networks A rethinking of device-to-device interference mitigation, including discussions of the challenges posed by the proliferation of devices An analysis of user pairing for energy efficient device-to-device content disseminationPerfect for researchers, academics, and industry professionals working on 5G networks, Interference Mitigation in Device-to-Device Communications will also earn a place in the libraries of undergraduate, graduate, and PhD students conducting research into wireless communications and applications, as well as policy makers and communications industry regulators.

Published
2022

11. Steroidal alkaloids efficient aromatase inhibitors with potential for the treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer

Author

Ali, Amjad, primary, Jan, Naeem Ullah, additional, Ali, Safdar, additional, Ahmad, Bashir, additional, Ali, Abid, additional, Samrana, Samrana, additional, Jahan, Azra, additional, Ali, Hamid, additional, Khan, Imtiaz Ali, additional, Rahim, Haroon, additional, Ali, Ijaz, additional, Kifayatullah, Muhammad, additional, and Amin, Fazli, additional

Published
2019
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16. Call blocking and outage probability in energy-efficient LTE networks

Author

Masood Ur Rehman, Ghazanfar Ali Safdar, and Kapil Kanwal

Subjects
business.industry, Computer science, 05 social sciences, 050801 communication & media studies, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Outage probability, 0508 media and communications, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Computer network, Call blocking, Efficient energy use
Abstract

Mobile operators are continuously expanding network infrastructure through the deployment of additional base stations to satisfy ever growing user demands. In parallel, number of users is also increasing due to advancement in mobile applications. Enlarged number of users and base stations introduce major problems, such as call blocking and outage probability, due to limited resources and interference caused by frequency reuse, respectively. Both these parameters play a key role in estimation of overall system performance. Alongside, energy efficiency (EE) is a vital parameter to enable portability and longevity of mobile user equipment. This paper investigates call blocking and channel outage probability in reduced early handover (REHO) deployed Long‐Term Evolution networks. System level simulations are performed in MATLAB to analyze the performance of REHO before it is compared with Long‐Term Evolution standard and other state of the art for key performance‐related parameters including EE, outage probability, and call blocking probability. Besides increased EE, REHO is also found to be competitive enough in terms of call blocking probability in the presence of Poisson process call arrivals.

Published
2018

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