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Objective: To evaluate the risk of adverse maternal outcomes among adolescents experiencing a repeat pregnancy in the Philippines., Methods: Data were analyzed from four waves (1998-2013) of a cross-sectional nationally representative survey. We included 2518 non-nulliparous and non-pregnant women aged 15-44 years with an interpregnancy interval (IPI) of 24 months or less. Multivariate logistic regression was used to measure the association of repeat pregnancy with adverse maternal outcomes by age group (11-19, 20-24, and 25-45 years), accounting for clustering within each respondent. A stratified analysis by IPI (≤24 vs >24 months) was conducted among 11-19 year olds., Results: No association was observed between repeat pregnancy and low birthweight among adolescent mothers. A second pregnancy increased the risk of pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 10.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.00-27.49) and labor (adjusted OR 3.61, 95% CI 1.61-8.09) complications among adolescent women (11-19 years). Interaction tests showed there was a significant increase in these risks as compared with older women. Stratified analysis by IPI did not modify the observed effect for either outcome., Conclusion: Repeat pregnancy among Filipino adolescents increased the risk of pregnancy and labor complications irrespective of IPI., (© 2019 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.)

Background: Prenatal maternal depressive, anxious, and stress symptoms have been found to be associated with child and adolescent behavior problems. In this paper, we investigate their impact on behavior problems and depressive symptoms in adulthood., Methods: Participants included 3,099 mother-offspring pairs from the Mater University Study of Pregnancy (MUSP), an Australian based, prebirth cohort study. We used latent class growth analysis (LCGA) with parallel processes to identify trajectories of maternal depressive, anxious, and stress symptoms over four time periods between the mothers' first clinic visit and 5 years postpregnancy. We fitted the estimates from the maternal trajectories in multivariate logistic regression models to predict internalizing and externalizing behavior at age 21. We adjusted for a wide range of prenatal and postnatal factors, including maternal life events, relationship quality, contact with the new born, as well as concurrent maternal depressive and anxious symptoms and father's history of mental health problem., Results: LCGA found seven groups of mothers; one group of mothers exhibited high levels of depressive, anxious, and stress symptoms during pregnancy but not at later time points. Their offspring experienced increased levels of behavior problems and depressive symptoms., Conclusions: This paper provides the first evidence that high levels of maternal subjective depressive, anxious, and stress symptoms experienced in early pregnancy may predict internalizing and externalizing behavior problems and depressive symptoms in young adults., (© 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Background: Studies have shown a link between maternal-prenatal mental health and offspring behavior problems. In this paper, we derived longitudinal trajectories of maternal depressive, anxious, and stress symptoms over early life to predict offspring behavior in adolescence., Methods: Participants included 3,925 mother-offspring pairs from the Mater University Study of Pregnancy (MUSP), an Australian-based, prebirth cohort study. Latent class growth analysis with parallel processes was used to identify trajectories of maternal depressive, anxious, and stress symptoms over four measurement periods between the mothers' first clinic visit and 5 years postpregnancy. The estimates from the maternal trajectories were used to fit multivariate logistic regression models and predict internalizing and externalizing behavior at age 14. We adjusted for a wide range of factors, including a number of prenatal confounders, concurrent maternal depressive and anxious symptoms, father's history of mental problems, and maternal life events relationship quality and contact with the new born., Results: Seven maternal trajectories were identified one of which isolated high levels of depressive, anxious, and stress symptoms during pregnancy. After adjustment for confounders, this was the only trajectory that predicted higher internalizing behavior in adolescence. No specific maternal trajectory predicted externalizing problems., Conclusions: We found evidence for a prenatal effect, whereby high levels of maternal depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in early pregnancy uniquely increased the risk of internalizing behavior problems in adolescence., (© 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Previous studies have shown that females are at an increased risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in response to physical assault compared with males. Our aims were to (a) test if this gender-specific risk generalised to subclinical levels of PTSD, (b) observe how this relationship was affected by including possible confounding factors, and (c) estimate how this trauma contributed to the overall prevalence of PTSD in females. Data came from an Australian birth cohort study (n = 2,547) based in Brisbane, Australia that commenced in 1981. Using ordinal logistic regression adjusted for a wide range of confounding factors, including polyvictimisation and internalising and externalising symptoms, we found females were at a significantly greater risk compared to males of developing either partial or full PTSD, odds ratio (OR) = 7.68; 95% confidence interval (CI) = [2.94, 20.08], as well as full PTSD only, OR = 9.23; 95% CI = [2.77, 30.79], following the experience of assaultive violence (p value for test of interaction = .004). In addition to the high prevalence of sexual assault (12.9%), attributable risk analysis suggested that due to the strong risk of PTSD in females exposed to physical assault, physical assault is possibly a contributor to the overall female increased prevalence of PTSD., (Copyright © 2013 International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies.)

Objective: To examine the prospective association between symptoms commonly experienced during pregnancy and the mental and general health status of women 14 years post partum., Methods: Data used were from the Mater-University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy, a community-based prospective birth cohort study begun in Brisbane, Australia, in 1981. Logistic regression analyses were conducted., Results: Data were available for 5118 women. Women who experienced a higher burden of symptoms during pregnancy were at greater risk of becoming depressed and reporting poorer health status 14 years post partum. Women who experienced major problems during pregnancy were 4 times more likely to be depressed and nearly 8 times more likely to report poorer health status 14 years after the index pregnancy compared with women who experienced few problems., Conclusions: Findings suggest that pregnant women who experience common symptoms during pregnancy are likely to experience poorer mental and self-reported general health 14 years after the pregnancy.