1. Short Chain Saturated Fatty Acids Decrease Circulating Cholesterol and Increase Tissue PUFA Content in the Rat
- Author
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Erwan Beauchamp, Vincent Rioux, Daniel Catheline, Frédérique Pédrono, Philippe Legrand, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Nutrition Humaine, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), ARILAIT RECHERCHES (France), and French Dairy Council
- Subjects
Male ,hdl-cholesterol ,cardiovascular-disease ,Myristic acid ,MESH: Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,dietary myristic acid ,Biochemistry ,MESH: Down-Regulation ,stearic-acid ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Palmitic acid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,MESH: Cholesterol ,rat ,MESH: Animals ,Tissue Distribution ,Food science ,Dietary saturated fatty acids ,MESH: Lipid Metabolism ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Fatty Acids ,Plasma cholesterol ,density-lipoprotein cholesterol ,MESH: Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ,docosahexaenoic acid ,MESH: Fatty Acids ,[SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM] ,Cholesterol ,MESH: Dietary Fats ,Saturated fatty acid ,Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ,Metabolome ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,MESH: Animal Structures ,MESH: Metabolome ,alpha-linolenic ,Polyunsaturated fatty acid ,MESH: Rats ,Linoleic acid ,Down-Regulation ,Butterfat ,MESH: Diet ,Animals ,MESH: Tissue Distribution ,MESH: Fatty Acids, Volatile ,acids ,Organic Chemistry ,Trimyristin ,serum-cholesterol ,Animal Structures ,Cell Biology ,Fatty Acids, Volatile ,Lipid Metabolism ,Dietary Fats ,Lauric acid ,MESH: Male ,Diet ,Rats ,(n-3) Polyunsaturated ,chemistry ,sn-2 position ,coronary-heart-disease - Abstract
This study investigates the effect of various dietary saturated fatty acid (SFA) profiles on plasma lipid parameters and tissue fatty acid composition in rats. The experiment was designed to monitor polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) levels, while examining different amounts and types of SFA. Four isocaloric diets were prepared, containing 10-11 mol% of fatty acids (FA) as linoleic acid (LNA) and 2.5 mol% as α-linolenic acid (ALA), leading to an identical and well-balanced LNA/ALA ratio. The initial rapeseed oil/corn oil mixture providing ALA and LNA was enriched with olive oil to prepare the olive oil diet. The butterfat diet was supplemented with butterfat, containing short-chain SFA (C4:0-C10:0, 17 mol% of FA), lauric acid (C12:0, 3.2 mol%), myristic acid (C14:0, 10.5 mol%) and palmitic acid (C16:0, 14.5 mol%). The saturates diet was supplemented with trilaurin, trimyristin and tripalmitin to obtain the same level of lauric, myristic and palmitic acids as the butterfat diet, without the short-chain SFA. The trimyristin diet was enriched with trimyristin only. The results showed that the butterfat diet contributed to specific effects, compared to the olive oil diet and the saturates and trimyristin diets: a decrease in plasma total, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol, higher tissue storage of ALA and LNA, and a higher level of (n-3) highly unsaturated fatty acids in some tissues. This study supports the hypothesis that in diets with identical well-balanced LNA/ALA ratios, short chain SFA may decrease circulating cholesterol and increase tissue polyunsaturated fatty acid content in the rat.
- Published
- 2010
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