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The anthropogenetic structure of six island and peninsular populations (Brac, Hvar, Korcula, Peljesac, Silba, and Olib) of the eastern Adriatic, Croatia, is analyzed on the basis of the study of four different erythrocyte antigen systems or groups (ABO, Rhesus, Kell-Celano, P) and two erythrocyte isoenzyme systems (ACP, ESD). The average sample size was 555 individuals. Allele frequencies, genetic distances, and gene diversity values were computed. The results indicate that all the populations in question have preserved their separate characteristics over the course of their (micro)evolution to the present day; this is especially noticeable for the island populations of Korcula and Olib, as these are distinguished from the other four populations by a greater degree of isolation. Today's genetic structure of the six populations can be explained through the existing historical and cultural data for the region in question, which indicate that over the course of their ethnohistory they were all influenced by significant waves of immigration and selective emigrations that must have greatly shaped their present-day population structure., Isolates provide unique opportunities to explore genetic variation effects on population structure. The term isolate is often used to describe a small, reproductively closed island population where breeding and geographic [...]

Isoelectric focusing was performed to analyze PGM1 polymorphism in six tribal, five caste, and five Muslim populations from the Indian subcontinent. Although a considerable range of allele frequencies was observed in certain caste and Muslim groups, the phenotypic distribution showed significant genetic heterogeneity only among the tribal groups. Discriminant analysis suggests that the PGM1 locus provides useful anthropogenetic information to differentiate the populations of the subcontinent in terms of their social structure. In the three population groups studied the variation in the heterozygosity levels suggests that the genetic diversity at the PGM1 locus may be the result of the structure of various population groups., Among the various enzyme polymorphisms the microheterogeneity found at the PGM1 locus has proved highly useful in genetic and anthropological studies (Papiha et al. 1983; Dykes et al. 1983; Kamboh [...]