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Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular disease and investigate cardiovascular risk management among type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients in the city of Meknes. Materials and methods: In a non-interventional cross-sectional study, we enrolled adult outpatients (= 18 years old) with T2D from the endocrinology and diabetology consultation of the Military Hospital of Meknes from June 2021 to January 2022. Informed consent was signed by all participants in the study. Assessment of cardiovascular risk was based on European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice of 2021. Clinical, biological and therapeutic data were compared between patients with and without cardiovascular disease. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18 statistical software. Results: One hundred eighty T2D patients were enrolled. The mean age was 59.42 ± 8.72 years. The prevalence of cardiovascular disease was 13.3%. The prescription of statin (p < 0.001), antihypertensive treatment (p < 0.001) and platelet aggregation inhibitors (p < 0.001) was significantly higher in patients with cardiovascular disease. Overall, 5.6% patients were prescribed a blood glucose-lowering agent with demonstrated cardiovascular benefit. This prescription was higher in patients with cardiovascular disease (5 (20.8%) vs. 5 (3.2%); p = 0.004). It was found that 7.2% patients had an optimal cardiovascular risk factor management. Conclusions: The prevalence of cardiovascular disease among T2D patients is high in the city of Meknes. Despite an optimal prescription of cardiovascular medications, comprehensive control of cardiovascular risk factors is not achieved in most patients. The use of blood glucose-lowering agents with demonstrated cardiovascular benefit was low but significantly higher among patients with cardiovascular disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Immunological investigations are intended for diagnosing T1D in atypical clinical presentation, also exploring the predisposition to T1D in a context of multiple autoimmune disorders or among the siblings of a patient with type 1 diabetes. While the diagnosing or the screening of T1D using five antibodies presents high expenses especially in emerging countries, it is for interest to determine their prevalence in order to choose the most frequent and most relevant. The aim of our study is to determine the prevalence of antibodies in Moroccan population. Methods. We investigated 62 T1D patients, the prevalence of autoantibodies was 74% for glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 auto-antibody (GADA), 46% for insulinoma-associated protein 2 autoantibody (IA2A), and 3% for islet cell antibodies (ICA). GADA and/or IA2A were reported in all patients (100%). The GADA frequency was neither associated with the duration of diabetes nor the age of patients. Results. Finally, GADAs are by far the best markers for T1D, IA2As complements GADAs and increases the diagnostic sensitivity for detection of pancreatic autoimmunity and ICA should be abandoned because of its low prevalence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes is a risk factor for bad prognosis of COVID-19. Many mechanisms can explain the bad prognosis of COVID-19 in diabetics, but they remain hypothetical. The high prevalence of diabetes on the African continent, particularly in North Africa (12.2%), constitutes a threat of increased morbidity and mortality linked to COVID-19. We must pay particular attention to this fragile population, with more time and resources, especially for the elderly, obese or those with chronic complications of diabetes who have a high risk of developing severe forms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]