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Bonizone di Sutri scrive il suo Liber ad amicum all'indomani della morte di papa Gregorio VII, proprio nel momento più delicato per i riformatori romani. Egli cerca una via d'uscita da questa "apocalisse" apparente analizzando la storia della Chiesa fin dalle sue origini, trovando così una personale interpretazione della tragedia in atto.

Dissent is at the root of the war of words during the Investiture Controversy. There was a constant search for consensus and this is testified to by the grandiose propaganda work of the different warring parties. Ecclesiology was at the centre of the debate and the Roman Church was in need of many changes: dissent was the indispensable means to break ties with the past. But dissent was also present within the factions themselves and allowed guidelines to be drawn during the decades at the turn of the century. Peter Damian's adherence to the ideas of the Roman reform party was characterised by a marked individualism and he used dissent to increase his own weight within the papal curia of Leo IX. Damiani took advantage of the contradictions, contrasts and uncertainties that characterised this historical contingency. His will be a personal victory through dissent. In fact, in the 1950s he had not bent and had defended his own thought, expounding and justifying it in detail in long treatises. In the following decade, during the pontificate of Alexander II, he would thus be one of the main players in the Roman party and would see his own ideas, opposed a few years earlier, triumph among the reformers.

Il contributo inquadra il ruolo del cardinale vescovo Pier Damiani all'interno del dibattito sulla "libertas ecclesiae". Nella sua ampia opera scrittoria il concetto di "libertas" compare in diverse accezioni e situazioni, qui analizzate, ma solo una volta riferito alla Chiesa di Roma.

L'eremita di Fonte Avellana Pier Damiani nel ruolo di cardinale vescovo svolge un ruolo cruciale per gli equilibri della Chiesa romana nel tentativo di riforma a cavallo degli anni 1050-1060. Le missioni a Cluny e Milano sono due tappe decisive di questo processo.