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The aim of this study was the investigation of water, sediments and fish tissues contamination with heavy metals. All samples were taken from the Danube River in Belgrade region, a location upstream from Batajnica. Concentrations of Cd, Hg and Pb in water samples were not detected, while concentrations of Zn, Fe, Cu and As were in the range of 0.004 - 0.330 mg L-1. Iron was the most deposited metal in sediment samples in contrast to water samples where all investigated metals were detected. For the purpose of heavy metals determination in fresh fish tissue, fifteen samples of three different fish species, silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and wels catfish (Silurus glanis) were collected. Concentrations of Pb, Cd, As and Hg were determined in the digestive tract, liver and muscle by absorption spectroscopy. The highest concentration of Pb was in the digestive tract in all three fish species, ranging from 0.036 to 1.518 μg g-1, while Cd was mostly deposited in the liver. Concentrations of As were in the range of 0.36 - 0.73 μg g-1 in Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, 0.013 - 0.18 μg g-1 in Cyprinus carpio and 0.003 - 0.005 μg g-1 in Silurus glanis tissues, while the content of Hg was equal in all tested tissues of carp. Concentrations of all metals were found to be present in the fish samples at different levels, but these values are under the maximum residual levels prescribed by the European Union (EU) and the maximum allowed concentrations (MAC) for Serbia, so the fish meat is acceptable for the human consumption., Cilj ovog rada je ispitivanje kontaminacije teškim metalima vode, sedimenta kao i tri različite vrste sveže ribe. Svi uzorci su uzeti iz Dunava u regionu Beograda, tačnije uzvodno od Batajnice. Koncentracije Cd, Hg i Pb u uzorcima vode su približne graničnim vrednostima detekcije, dok su koncentracije Zn, Fe, Cu i As u opsegu 0.004 - 0.330 mg L-1. Gvožđe je najprisutniji metal u uzorcima sedimenata za razliku od uzoraka vode gde su svi ispitivani metali podjednako zastupljeni. U cilju ispitivanja teških metala u tkivima riba sakupljeno je po petnaest uzoraka tri različite vrste riba, tolstolobika (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), šarana (Cyprinus carpio) i soma (Silurus glanis). Koncentracije Pb, Cd, As i Hg određene su u digestivnom traktu, jetri i mišićnom tkivu sveže dunavske ribe metodom absorpcione spektroskopije. Najveća koncentracija Pb zabeležena je u digestivnom traktu kod svih ispitivanih vrsta riba i to u opsegu 0.036 - 1.518 μg g-1, dok je Cd uglavnom deponovan u jetri. Koncentracija As bila je u opsegu 0.36 - 0.73 μg g-1 u tkivu Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, 0.013 - 0.18 μg g-1 u tkivu Cyprinus carpio i 0.003 - 0.005 μg g-1 u tkivu Silurus glanis, dok je sadržaj Hg bio izjednačen u svim ispitivanim tkivima šarana. Koncentracije svih metala u tkivima riba su različite i ispod maksimalno dozvoljenih koncentracija predvidjenih pravilnikom Evropske Unije i maksimalno dozvoljenih koncentracije (MDK) u Srbiji, a riba može da se koristi za ishranu ljudi.

Fish represents a significant source of animal proteins in the diet of people in a large part of the world. The market in Serbia is supplied from its own production (carp and trout fish ponds) and catch from open waters. However, the largest part of the fish on the mar­ket is imported. Average area under carp fish ponds from 2006. to 2012. was 8,417 hektars, and under trout fish ponds was 49,900 square meters. Average annual production of carp fish species in this period was 7,228 tons, and of trout was 923 tons. In open waters of Serbia, the catch (from both professional and sport fishing) is averagely 3,745 tons of fish. The biggest catch of fish in open waters refers to goldfish, then carp and bream, while lower catch refers to white bighead. The objective of this investigation was to determine the scope and structure of fish catch and production in Serbia from 2006. to 2012. The data on fish catch and production were taken from Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Serbia., Riba čini značajan izvor animalnih proteina u ishrani stanovnika velikog dela sveta. Tržište se u Srbiji snadbeva ribom iz sopstvene proizvodnje (šaranski i pastrmski ribnjaci) i ulova iz otvorenih voda. Ipak, najveći deo ribe na našem tržištu je iz uvoza. Prosečna površina pod šaranskim ribnjacima od 2006. do 2012. godine bila je 8417 hektara a pastrmskih ribnjaka 499 ari. Prosečna godišnja proizvodnja šaranske ribe u ovom periodu bila je 7228 tona, a pastrmke 923 tone. U otvorenim vodama Srbije izlovljava se (profesionalni i sportski ribolov) prosečno 3745 tona ribe. Najveći ulov ribe u otvorenim vodama se odnosi na srebrni karaš, zatim šarana i deveriku, dok je manji ulov tolstolobika. Cilj ovog rada je bio da se utvrdi obim i struktura ulova i proizvodnje ribe u Srbiji od 2006. do 2012 godine. Podaci o ulovu i proizvodnji ribe uzeti su iz Statističkog godišnjaka Srbije.

The objective of this work was to investigate the scope of production, export and im­port of honey in the Republic of Serbia from 2004. to 2014. The results are based on the re­port of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. The observed period is characterized primarily by the increase in the number of beehives as well as an incresed honey produc­tion, followed by honey price growth and minor changes honey yield per hive. In this period, honey production ranged from 2,561 tons (in 2008) to 8,554 tons (in 2013). The largest vol­ume of honey exports was in 2013. (3,367.7 tons, worth 14,881.4 thousand USD), and the largest import of honey into Serbia was in the same year (60.6 tons, worth 240.3 thousand USD). In the monitored period, Germany imported the largest quantities of honey from Serbia, about 4,611.0 tons (worth about 19,546.9 thousand USD), and somewhat smaller amounts of honey were imported by Italy and Montenegro. On the other hand, in the same period, Serbia imported the largest quantities of honey from the Republic of Macedonia, about 40.6 tons, worth 119.5 thousand USD. Beekeeping in Serbia definitely has a great development potential, so accordingly, its production should be encouraged in the future., Cilj ovog rada je bio da se ispita obim proizvodnje, izvoza i uvoza meda u Republici Srbiji od 2004. do 2014. godine. Rezultati su dobijeni na osnovu izveštaja Republičkog zavoda za statistiku Republike Srbije. Posmatrani period karakteriše, pre svega, povećanje broja košnica, kao i povećanje proizvodnje meda, sa trendom rasta cene meda i neznatnim promenama u prinosu meda po košnici. U ovom periodu proizvodnja meda bila je od 2.561 tona (2008. godine) do 8.554 tona (2013. godine). Najveći obim izvoza meda zabeležen je 2013. godine (3.367,7 tona meda, vrednosti 14.881,4 hiljada USD), dok je i najveći obim uvoza meda u Srbiji zabeležen iste godine (60,6 tona, vrednosti 240,3 hiljada USD). U posmatranom periodu, Nemačka je uvezla najveće količine meda iz naše zemlje, ukupno oko 4.611,0 tona (vrednosti oko 19.546,9 hiljada USD), a nešto manje količine meda uvezle su Italija i Crna Gora. Sa druge strane, Srbija je u ovom periodu uvezla najveće količine meda iz Makedonije, oko 40,6 tona, vrednosti 119,5 hiljada USD. Pčelarstvo u Srbiji svakako ima veliki razvojni potencijal, pa u budućnosti pčelarsku proizvodnju treba podsticati.

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of marination, on the growth of Salmonella spp. in contaminated broiler breast fillets during storage. In the conducted study, broiler breast fillets were inoculated with a cocktail of different Salmonella strains and afterwards marinated in different solutions of table salt, sodium tripolyphosphate and/or sodium citrate. The total count of Salmonella spp. was examined on the 0, 3rd, 6th and 9th day of storage. Broiler breast fillets salted in 6% solution of table salt were used as the control. Proximate composition and salt content, pH value and a(w) value, were determined as the meat quality parameters and parameters which can affect environmental conditions for bacterial growth, as well. Compared to initial contamination, Salmonella spp. count in marinated and salted fillets did not change significantly (p < 0.001) until the 3rd and 6th day of storage, respectively, but it increased significantly on the 9th day of storage. Marination of broiler breast fillets in different solutions of table salt, sodium tripolyphosphate and/or sodium citrate had a significant influence(p < 0.05; p < 0.01) on pH and a(w) value, moisture, ash and salt content in marinated broiler meat, but there was no significant influence (p > 0.05) on protein and fat content in broiler meat. According to the results obtained it can be concluded that marination of broiler breast fillets in solutions containing table salt, sodium trpolyphosphate and/or citrate, in some way, can prolongate the lag phase of Salmonella spp. growth, where sodium citrate is more effective than sodium tripolyphosphate.

The objective of this work was to investigate the scope of production, export and im­port of honey in the Republic of Serbia from 2004. to 2014. The results are based on the re­port of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. The observed period is characterized primarily by the increase in the number of beehives as well as an incresed honey produc­tion, followed by honey price growth and minor changes honey yield per hive. In this period, honey production ranged from 2,561 tons (in 2008) to 8,554 tons (in 2013). The largest vol­ume of honey exports was in 2013. (3,367.7 tons, worth 14,881.4 thousand USD), and the largest import of honey into Serbia was in the same year (60.6 tons, worth 240.3 thousand USD). In the monitored period, Germany imported the largest quantities of honey from Serbia, about 4,611.0 tons (worth about 19,546.9 thousand USD), and somewhat smaller amounts of honey were imported by Italy and Montenegro. On the other hand, in the same period, Serbia imported the largest quantities of honey from the Republic of Macedonia, about 40.6 tons, worth 119.5 thousand USD. Beekeeping in Serbia definitely has a great development potential, so accordingly, its production should be encouraged in the future., Cilj ovog rada je bio da se ispita obim proizvodnje, izvoza i uvoza meda u Republici Srbiji od 2004. do 2014. godine. Rezultati su dobijeni na osnovu izveštaja Republičkog zavoda za statistiku Republike Srbije. Posmatrani period karakteriše, pre svega, povećanje broja košnica, kao i povećanje proizvodnje meda, sa trendom rasta cene meda i neznatnim promenama u prinosu meda po košnici. U ovom periodu proizvodnja meda bila je od 2.561 tona (2008. godine) do 8.554 tona (2013. godine). Najveći obim izvoza meda zabeležen je 2013. godine (3.367,7 tona meda, vrednosti 14.881,4 hiljada USD), dok je i najveći obim uvoza meda u Srbiji zabeležen iste godine (60,6 tona, vrednosti 240,3 hiljada USD). U posmatranom periodu, Nemačka je uvezla najveće količine meda iz naše zemlje, ukupno oko 4.611,0 tona (vrednosti oko 19.546,9 hiljada USD), a nešto manje količine meda uvezle su Italija i Crna Gora. Sa druge strane, Srbija je u ovom periodu uvezla najveće količine meda iz Makedonije, oko 40,6 tona, vrednosti 119,5 hiljada USD. Pčelarstvo u Srbiji svakako ima veliki razvojni potencijal, pa u budućnosti pčelarsku proizvodnju treba podsticati.

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of marination, on the growth of Salmonella spp. in contaminated broiler breast fillets during storage. In the conducted study, broiler breast fillets were inoculated with a cocktail of different Salmonella strains and afterwards marinated in different solutions of table salt, sodium tripolyphosphate and/or sodium citrate. The total count of Salmonella spp. was examined on the 0, 3rd, 6th and 9th day of storage. Broiler breast fillets salted in 6% solution of table salt were used as the control. Proximate composition and salt content, pH value and a(w) value, were determined as the meat quality parameters and parameters which can affect environmental conditions for bacterial growth, as well. Compared to initial contamination, Salmonella spp. count in marinated and salted fillets did not change significantly (p < 0.001) until the 3rd and 6th day of storage, respectively, but it increased significantly on the 9th day of storage. Marination of broiler breast fillets in different solutions of table salt, sodium tripolyphosphate and/or sodium citrate had a significant influence(p < 0.05; p < 0.01) on pH and a(w) value, moisture, ash and salt content in marinated broiler meat, but there was no significant influence (p > 0.05) on protein and fat content in broiler meat. According to the results obtained it can be concluded that marination of broiler breast fillets in solutions containing table salt, sodium trpolyphosphate and/or citrate, in some way, can prolongate the lag phase of Salmonella spp. growth, where sodium citrate is more effective than sodium tripolyphosphate.

Fish represents a significant source of animal proteins in the diet of people in a large part of the world. The market in Serbia is supplied from its own production (carp and trout fish ponds) and catch from open waters. However, the largest part of the fish on the mar­ket is imported. Average area under carp fish ponds from 2006. to 2012. was 8,417 hektars, and under trout fish ponds was 49,900 square meters. Average annual production of carp fish species in this period was 7,228 tons, and of trout was 923 tons. In open waters of Serbia, the catch (from both professional and sport fishing) is averagely 3,745 tons of fish. The biggest catch of fish in open waters refers to goldfish, then carp and bream, while lower catch refers to white bighead. The objective of this investigation was to determine the scope and structure of fish catch and production in Serbia from 2006. to 2012. The data on fish catch and production were taken from Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Serbia., Riba čini značajan izvor animalnih proteina u ishrani stanovnika velikog dela sveta. Tržište se u Srbiji snadbeva ribom iz sopstvene proizvodnje (šaranski i pastrmski ribnjaci) i ulova iz otvorenih voda. Ipak, najveći deo ribe na našem tržištu je iz uvoza. Prosečna površina pod šaranskim ribnjacima od 2006. do 2012. godine bila je 8417 hektara a pastrmskih ribnjaka 499 ari. Prosečna godišnja proizvodnja šaranske ribe u ovom periodu bila je 7228 tona, a pastrmke 923 tone. U otvorenim vodama Srbije izlovljava se (profesionalni i sportski ribolov) prosečno 3745 tona ribe. Najveći ulov ribe u otvorenim vodama se odnosi na srebrni karaš, zatim šarana i deveriku, dok je manji ulov tolstolobika. Cilj ovog rada je bio da se utvrdi obim i struktura ulova i proizvodnje ribe u Srbiji od 2006. do 2012 godine. Podaci o ulovu i proizvodnji ribe uzeti su iz Statističkog godišnjaka Srbije.

Poultry meat production has doubled in past 40 years in the world, with the tendency of constant growth, and its production volume exceeds beef, but is behind pork production. For poultry meat production it is typical that its annual increase exceeds pork as well as beef production. The biggest producers of poultry meat are Asia, North and South America and Europe. The most significant category of poultry is meat of young chicken (broilers). Cobb, Ross and Hubbard broiler provenance are most common in Serbia. The objective of this investigation was to analyse poultry meat production volume in Serbia, observed during three six-years periods - A (1984-1989), B (1994-1999) i C (2004-2009). For data processing there were used the data obtained from Statistical Yearbooks of Serbia from 1984. to 2009. It was found out that average poultry meat production in period A was 108,33 ± 7,00 thousand tonnes, than it statistically significantly decreased and in period B it was 76,67±5,54 thousand tonnes, and finally in period C it was 72,17± 5,78 thousand tonnes., Proizvodnja živinskog mesa u svetu se u proteklih 40 godina udvostručila i dalje je u stalnom rastu, i po obimu proizvodnje je ispred goveđeg mesa, a iza proizvodnje svinjskog mesa. Za proizvodnju živinskog mesa je karakteristično da je njen godišnji porast veći od proizvodnje svinjskog, odnosno goveđeg mesa. Najveći proizvođači živinskog mesa su Azija, Severna i Južna Amerika i Evropa. Najznačajnija kategorija živinskog mesa je meso mladih pilića (brojlera). U Srbiji su najzastupljenije Cobb, Ross i Hubbard provenijencije brojlera. Cilj istraživanja bio je da se analizira obim proizvodnje živinskog mesa u Srbiji posmatran u tri šestogodišnja perioda - A (1984-1989), B (1994-1999) i C ( 2004-2009). Za obradu podataka korišćeni su podaci iz Statističkih godišnjaka Srbije od 1984. do 2009. godine. Utvrđeno je da je proizvodnja živinskog mesa u periodu A u proseku iznosila 108,33 ± 7,00 hiljada tona, zatim se statistički značajno smanjila, i u periodu B iznosila 76,67 ± 5,54 hiljada tona, a u periodu C je bila 72,17 ± 5,78 hiljada tona.

Poultry meat production has doubled in past 40 years in the world, with the tendency of constant growth, and its production volume exceeds beef, but is behind pork production. For poultry meat production it is typical that its annual increase exceeds pork as well as beef production. The biggest producers of poultry meat are Asia, North and South America and Europe. The most significant category of poultry is meat of young chicken (broilers). Cobb, Ross and Hubbard broiler provenance are most common in Serbia. The objective of this investigation was to analyse poultry meat production volume in Serbia, observed during three six-years periods - A (1984-1989), B (1994-1999) i C (2004-2009). For data processing there were used the data obtained from Statistical Yearbooks of Serbia from 1984. to 2009. It was found out that average poultry meat production in period A was 108,33 ± 7,00 thousand tonnes, than it statistically significantly decreased and in period B it was 76,67±5,54 thousand tonnes, and finally in period C it was 72,17± 5,78 thousand tonnes., Proizvodnja živinskog mesa u svetu se u proteklih 40 godina udvostručila i dalje je u stalnom rastu, i po obimu proizvodnje je ispred goveđeg mesa, a iza proizvodnje svinjskog mesa. Za proizvodnju živinskog mesa je karakteristično da je njen godišnji porast veći od proizvodnje svinjskog, odnosno goveđeg mesa. Najveći proizvođači živinskog mesa su Azija, Severna i Južna Amerika i Evropa. Najznačajnija kategorija živinskog mesa je meso mladih pilića (brojlera). U Srbiji su najzastupljenije Cobb, Ross i Hubbard provenijencije brojlera. Cilj istraživanja bio je da se analizira obim proizvodnje živinskog mesa u Srbiji posmatran u tri šestogodišnja perioda - A (1984-1989), B (1994-1999) i C ( 2004-2009). Za obradu podataka korišćeni su podaci iz Statističkih godišnjaka Srbije od 1984. do 2009. godine. Utvrđeno je da je proizvodnja živinskog mesa u periodu A u proseku iznosila 108,33 ± 7,00 hiljada tona, zatim se statistički značajno smanjila, i u periodu B iznosila 76,67 ± 5,54 hiljada tona, a u periodu C je bila 72,17 ± 5,78 hiljada tona.

Poultry meat production has doubled in past 40 years in the world, with the tendency of constant growth, and its production volume exceeds beef, but is behind pork production. For poultry meat production it is typical that its annual increase exceeds pork as well as beef production. The biggest producers of poultry meat are Asia, North and South America and Europe. The most significant category of poultry is meat of young chicken (broilers). Cobb, Ross and Hubbard broiler provenance are most common in Serbia. The objective of this investigation was to analyse poultry meat production volume in Serbia, observed during three six-years periods - A (1984-1989), B (1994-1999) i C (2004-2009). For data processing there were used the data obtained from Statistical Yearbooks of Serbia from 1984. to 2009. It was found out that average poultry meat production in period A was 108,33 ± 7,00 thousand tonnes, than it statistically significantly decreased and in period B it was 76,67±5,54 thousand tonnes, and finally in period C it was 72,17± 5,78 thousand tonnes., Proizvodnja živinskog mesa u svetu se u proteklih 40 godina udvostručila i dalje je u stalnom rastu, i po obimu proizvodnje je ispred goveđeg mesa, a iza proizvodnje svinjskog mesa. Za proizvodnju živinskog mesa je karakteristično da je njen godišnji porast veći od proizvodnje svinjskog, odnosno goveđeg mesa. Najveći proizvođači živinskog mesa su Azija, Severna i Južna Amerika i Evropa. Najznačajnija kategorija živinskog mesa je meso mladih pilića (brojlera). U Srbiji su najzastupljenije Cobb, Ross i Hubbard provenijencije brojlera. Cilj istraživanja bio je da se analizira obim proizvodnje živinskog mesa u Srbiji posmatran u tri šestogodišnja perioda - A (1984-1989), B (1994-1999) i C ( 2004-2009). Za obradu podataka korišćeni su podaci iz Statističkih godišnjaka Srbije od 1984. do 2009. godine. Utvrđeno je da je proizvodnja živinskog mesa u periodu A u proseku iznosila 108,33 ± 7,00 hiljada tona, zatim se statistički značajno smanjila, i u periodu B iznosila 76,67 ± 5,54 hiljada tona, a u periodu C je bila 72,17 ± 5,78 hiljada tona.

Salmonella is one of the most important zoonotic pathogens and the consumption of pork meat is one of the major sources of human infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of salmonella on pig carcasses. Samples were taken from slaughterhouse A in two instances (sampling I and II, a total of 300 samples) and in slaughterhouse B once (sampling III, a total of 120 samples), from pork carcasses after the stunning and after the processing. Of the total number of examined samples, the percentage of positive samples for salmonella from pork carcasses after stunning was 46.7% (90/42), and samples from the carcasses after processing 3.3% (90/3). Operations taking place on the slaughter line could have an effect on the salmonella contamination of carcasses., Salmonele spadaju među važnije patogene, a meso svinja jedan je od glavnih izvora infekcije potrošača. Cilj ovoga rada je da se ispita prisustvo salmonela na trupovima svinje posle omamljivanja i nakon završene obrade. Uzorkovanja su sprovedena u dve klanice (klanica A i klanica B). Uzorci iz klanice A uzeti su u dva navrata (uzorkovanje I i II, ukupno 300 uzoraka) a u klanici B jednom (uzorkovanje III, ukupno 120 uzoraka), sa trupova svinja nakon omamljivanja i po završenoj obradi. Od ukupnog broja pregledanih uzoraka, procenat pozitivnih uzoraka na salmonelu, na trupovima posle omamljivanja je 46,7 % (90/42), a iz uzoraka sa trupova nakon završene obrade 3,3 % (90/3). Operacije na liniji klanja, mogu imati uticaja na kontaminaciju trupova salmonelama.

Salmonella is one of the most important zoonotic pathogens and the consumption of pork meat is one of the major sources of human infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of salmonella on pig carcasses. Samples were taken from slaughterhouse A in two instances (sampling I and II, a total of 300 samples) and in slaughterhouse B once (sampling III, a total of 120 samples), from pork carcasses after the stunning and after the processing. Of the total number of examined samples, the percentage of positive samples for salmonella from pork carcasses after stunning was 46.7% (90/42), and samples from the carcasses after processing 3.3% (90/3). Operations taking place on the slaughter line could have an effect on the salmonella contamination of carcasses., Salmonele spadaju među važnije patogene, a meso svinja jedan je od glavnih izvora infekcije potrošača. Cilj ovoga rada je da se ispita prisustvo salmonela na trupovima svinje posle omamljivanja i nakon završene obrade. Uzorkovanja su sprovedena u dve klanice (klanica A i klanica B). Uzorci iz klanice A uzeti su u dva navrata (uzorkovanje I i II, ukupno 300 uzoraka) a u klanici B jednom (uzorkovanje III, ukupno 120 uzoraka), sa trupova svinja nakon omamljivanja i po završenoj obradi. Od ukupnog broja pregledanih uzoraka, procenat pozitivnih uzoraka na salmonelu, na trupovima posle omamljivanja je 46,7 % (90/42), a iz uzoraka sa trupova nakon završene obrade 3,3 % (90/3). Operacije na liniji klanja, mogu imati uticaja na kontaminaciju trupova salmonelama.