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Objective: Selection of soybean cultivars that have a higher grain yield under water deficit conditions, reduces the damage to soybean producers. Methods: The response of soybean genotypes to water deficit stress was investigated in terms of agricultural characteristics and grain yield in Karaj (Iran), during two years. The experiment was carried out as a split plot based on randomized complete block design in three replications, with three irrigation levels (control, mild stress, and severe stress) based on 50, 100, and 150 mm evaporation from a Class A evaporation pan as the main plot and 10 soybean genotypes as the sub-plot. Results: The results showed that mild and severe stress caused the node number and inter-node to decrease in comparison with control irrigation. Under control irrigation, the highest grain yield (2585 kg/ha) was obtained from the earlymaturing Saba cultivar, with the highest seed number per unit area. The earlymaturing genotypes had the highest grain yield under control irrigation, and their grain yield decreased significantly with increasing stress intensity. The grain yield of the Saba cultivar reduced under mild and severe stress by 32 and 59% compared to control irrigation, respectively. Under stress conditions, the latematuring genotypes had the highest grain yield and water deficit stress caused a slight decrease in their grain yield. Under mild and severe stress, the late-maturing Williams×A3935 line had the highest grain yield and protein yield, respectively. Conclusion: Under control irrigation, the Saba cultivar, and under stress conditions (mild and severe) the Williams×A3935 line is recommended in Karaj and similar climates (moderately cold region). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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