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The paper deals with the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the history of its origin and the problems of searching for a balance between the basic principles of CRC. It further summarizes the CRC structure, including analysis of the 3P principle (provision–protection–participation) and the best child's interest as a primary aspect for assessing the rights of the child. One part is also the analysis of CRC implementation, including the definition of a child and its problems. Implementation is considered from the aspect of the function of the Committee on the Rights of the Child, and also from the aspect of the duties of parties after ratification of the option records – the Option Record to CRC on engaging a child in armed conflicts, and also the Option Record to CRC on child trafficking, child prostitution and child pornography adopted by the Czech Republic. Without any doubt the Czech Republic understands the CRC as the basic international document that is taken into account not only with the elaboration of strategies (see “Right on Childhood”). On the other hand there are still weak points to improve (e.g. right of the child to file a complaint for violation of their rights).

workers), training often is directed to only one of these two areas. However, to sustain and elevate public concern of human trafficking, both a multi-sector approach (law enforcement, schools, churches, non-governmental organizations, businesses, social services) and training on all types of human trafficking is necessary for success. A second strategy promoting the prevention of human trafficking has been the utilization of hotlines phone numbers made available for both witnesses and victims of human trafficking. Research on the effectiveness of hotlines is lacking, and still unknown is the extent to which hotlines either raise awareness of the issue of human trafficking for the general public or the extent to which they provide the most useful means for victims to extract themselves from human trafficking. Future research would necessarily be localized, but social scientists should consider how other means of communication might be more relevant for implementation and evaluation. For example, in the past, personal contact by outreach workers to street children has been believed to be an effective means to contact victims of commercial sexual exploitation, but today, the evolution of social media and technology use by minors may provide more effective interventions. Regarding the prosecution of offenders, criminal justice researchers have struggled to define the exact nature and extent of human trafficking both at the local, national and global levels. Part of the difficulty in determining exactly how prevalent human trafficking is in a given area is the confusing manner in which crimes are prosecuted. For example, a person might be charged with the criminal offenses of prostitution and/or kidnapping in addition to human trafficking, with some of these charges later dropped as part of plea bargaining.