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Through a critical review, the present research shows that, despite massive government efforts concerning agricultural development, the rural Algerian area faces serious constraints. Moreover, the emergence of local initiatives in the direction of creating conditions for local development forth comes. The causes are mainly due to the actors of the institutional environment and to the absence of favourable conditions that conduct to a better exploitation/development of local resources. The study shows however that it is quite possible to change this situation if people agree to think in terms of sustainable development and focus their approach on the resources and local activities. Today there is a need of a new mode of governance and a new sustainable strategy, clearly displayed, in terms of agriculture, rural and local development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of present work is to attempt a comparative analysis of the situation of agriculture and rural development between two countries, Romania in Eastern Europe and Algeria in North Africa. Agriculture and Rural Area in these two countries are still significant - economically and socially - as they are home and livelihoods of millions of people. The agricultural sector can thus claim to be in each country an important link in the economy, though often lag behind other sectors (energy and mining in Algeria, wood industry, engineering industry, SMEs and tourism in Romania). Nevertheless, this sector participates to the consolidation of the national GDP and to the maintenance of rural population, despite the strong migration trend and the profound changes in consumption patterns. In both countries, there is also a strong movement for reform and sweeping changes in agrarian structures and the whole rural economy. But, if at the macroeconomic level there has been a real change (changing from one state manager to a regulatory state, partial or full privatization of agricultural land, trade liberalization and agricultural markets, subsidies reduce, liberalization of producer prices and consumption) in terms of regional development, farm development and rural population, the progress is quite concerning. Thus, the two countries meet the same difficulties in terms of complexity of agrarian structure, fragmentation and cramped conditions of agricultural land, low agricultural production (food, etc.), deficiency, food dependency and rural poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]