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The parameters studied were RBC, Ht, Hb, erythrocyte index MCV, MCH, MCHC, and oxidative stress through SOD and GPx. For each parameter, blood samples were collected at specimens weighing between 100-140g in the summer season, 250-280 g in the fall, 270-300g in the winter and 320-350g in the spring. At the specimens studied the highest values of GPx and SOD were recorded in the spring season due to the stress caused by massive precipitation. During the study, the water temperature ranged between 5.1° C in winter and 19.2° C in summer and O2 ranged between 8.30 mg/l in the summer and 10.20 mg / l in winter. For most parameters, the highest values were recorded in the spring season and the lowest in the summer season. The data obtained in each season on Oncorhynchus mykiss species do not indicate pathological conditions but more an adaptive fish response to environmental conditions and can serve as a database for future research on welfare of salmonids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a study on the interaction of children with special needs and horses, which attempts to demonstrate the effects of hipoterapy in helping children with disabilities. The research was conducted on a group of 20 children with disabilities who participated in this type of therapy for 8 months (January-August 2015) in Leorinţ Leisure Center and Riding Therapy, which owns 6 horses. This study carried out a pre- and post-evaluation and there were followed skills and cognitive function, motor skills, spatial-temporal orientation skills, sensoryperceptual organization, examining language and personality of children. In the first stage an initial assessment of children was made representing the starting point to see to what extent children are, what special needs they have and what gaps need to be recovered or what skills and qualities may be based in therapy. After 3 months of hippotherapy, in April 2015, there was made intermediar evaluation of beneficiaries to see if the intended results were achieved and where to optimise the therapy. The final evaluation was conducted in August 2015, after four months from the intermediar evaluation. After the hippotherapy was applied in children with various disabilities, we found that children move better, speak more easily, communicate and become more careful. Besides the outcomes of this hippotherapy, its results are measurable and easily to observe. Therefore, the satisfaction to participate in hippotherapy sessions and the contact with the horses offers a real joy to this children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The health status of cows is evaluated and depending on haematological and biochemical profile of blood. Nutrition is the main technological factor that can produce profound changes in the metabolic profile in animals (Dhiman et al., 1991; Khaled et al., 1999; Ingvartsen, 2006). Blood parameters analyze can lead to identify if there are errors in nutrition of lactating cows (Payne et al., 1970). The aim of this study was the evaluation of metabolic and biochemical changes that occur during colostrum period and in terms of number of lactations in cows. The biological material was represented by a total of 60 heads of dairy cows from a family farm from Sãlaj County, Romania. The cows are all from Holstein breed and presented no clinical signs of any specific pathology. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of each cow and analyzed. 10 individuals from each of the six lactations have been randomly selected. Haematological and biochemical parameters showed variations depending on factors analyzed here. In lactation 1 Hb was 7.55±3.05 (g/dl), while in lactation 6 the value was 12.5±2.10 (g/dl). RBC ranged as follows: in lactation 1 - 28.50±2.05 and in lactation 6 - 30.02±2.05. Lymphocytes varied within very wide limits under the influence of lactation: in lactation 1 - 2.8±1.56 and in lactation 6 - 7.55±1.80. The number of lactations and lactation rank have influenced blood biochemical and hematological parameters in dairy cows. Biochemical parameters are influenced by post-partum day, showing the lowest values in the early days of colostral period and the highest in the last few days of the same period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During a period of 6 months beginnings with October 2016 until March 2017, were analysed meat products such as: Haiducesc smoked chest, Premium jambon, as well as semi-smoked assortments: Pork salami, Pintea salami and Pancetta salami obtained at SC. "Ferma Zootehnică" SRL Baia Mare. The results are reported at 100 g of product and were as follow: Haiducesc smoked chest: 31.87% water, 3.2 g salt, 2.51 mg nitrites; Premium jambon: 32.16% water, 3.38 g salt, 2.78 mg nitrites; Pork salami: 53.2% water, 2.13 g salt, 2.32 mg nitrites; Pintea salami: 51.8% water, 2.21 g salt, 2.95 mg nitrites; Pancetta salami: 46.08% water, 2.21 g salt, 2.04 mg nitrites. The obtained values fit in the allowed limits of the European norms STAS 6352/1-88 and 6353-85, therefore the products obtained are very good quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Romanian Buffalo Breed (RBB), established in 1987, originated from local river buffalo populations highly adapted to the low-input breeding condition. Cross-breeding with Asian breeds was recently used for genetic improvement in milk production. In the last 25 years the species has dramatically decreased. Over 90% of livestock has been sold and never replaced. The population is now mainly maintained in subsistence farms. This study aims to assess the genetic diversity within the remaining population and to verify links with improved breeds supposedly introgressed in RBB. To assess the genetic diversity of RBB and ascertain possible phylogenetic relations with other buffalo breeds, we sequenced the entire cytochrome B gene (MTCYB) in a sample population. Blood samples were collected from randomly selected 52 unrelated individuals from various locations in Transylvania. A DNA fragment containing the entire MTCYB gene (1140bp) was amplified by PCR directly from whole blood (1μl). The amplicons were sequenced using two pairs of primers. The sequences were subsequently used for genetic diversity assessments. Analysis of the sequences led to the identification of five novel MTCYB haplotypes, uploaded in GenBank with the following accession numbers: JQ241279; JQ241280; JQ241281; JQ241282; JQ241283. In the sample population, the most frequently identified haplotypes were haplotype 2 (EF409940.1) and haplotype 3 (EF409941.1), previously reported in other buffalo populations, mainly from Asia, confirming the Asiatic origins of RBB. Sequence comparisons have revealed that RBB is mainly related with Indian breeds. Despite the numerical decline of RBB, through correct breeding schemes the breed maintained a good level of genetic diversity. Our analysis confirms RBB’s Asiatic origins. Presence of new haplotypes may also reflect that this population is isolated from a geographical and reproductive point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) breeding females have been studied from the standpoint of phenotypic characteristics and breeding indices for establishing future protocols of selection and improvement. The relative fecundation (RF) has been determined to a medium value of 335.88 ± 17.723 g and a variability coefficient of 52.77%. The high value of the variability coefficient is due to the fact that this is the first breeding generation of trout nursery and has not been submitted to any selection and improvement activities up to the present. From the breeding performance standpoint, the medium value of the number of eggs (TNE) obtained has been of 8127.44 ± 478.532, the medium egg weight (EW) has been of 0.06 ± 0.001g, the medium diameter of one egg (ED) = 4.16 ± 0.029 mm and the medium volume of one egg (EV) has been of 65.63 ± 1.223 mm3. The following breeding indices have also been calculated: gonadosomatic report (GR), Behning fertilizing coefficient (BFC) and the Williams absolute fecundity indices (WAFI). The outcome results have been the following: GR = 14.82 ± 0.587; BFC = 16.82 ± 0.563; WAFI = 5.77 ± 0.333. The values of the correlations point out the necessity of breeding selection work in order to improve the breeding performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prior knowledge about correlation coefficients between major somatic characteristics can be used to guide breeding programmes in aquaculture. The purpose of our research was to characterize the Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) breeders from a phenotypical standpoint and to test the existence of correlations that can be used in future research studies. Somatic and gravimetric measurements have been performed on 3-year old females and males, obtained and raised in a regional fishery. Significant difference (646.11 g; p<0.05) was obtained between the mean values of body weight (Bw) in females (2208.38±37.48 g) and in males (1562.27±74.113g). In terms of total length (Tl), significant differences were recorded also between mean values, in favour of females (53.01±0.271 cm) as compared to males (46.65±0.742 cm). The difference between average values of standard length (SI) was (6.86 cm) statistically distinctly significant (p<0.01), in favour of females (42.57±0.682 cm in males; 49.43±0.259 cm in females) and also for the commercial length (CI) in the same sense (d=5.92 cm). For the other conformation features studied (maximum height - MH, minimum height - Mh, body depth - Bd, head length - Hl and caudal peduncle length - CpL), the recorded differences between males and females were statistically insignificant (p>0.05). The outcome values reflect a higher interdependence between some studied characteristics in males, as compared to females, as indicated by Pearson’s correlation coefficients and open the direction in which the real selection can be done. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our study, we sampled 82 fish specimens as follows: 62 rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus), 8 roach (Rutilus rutilus) and 12 silver bream (Blicca bjoerkna). The sampling was done in Ţaga Mare Lake, Cluj County. The investigations took into account the incidence and infestation levels of fish with Posthodiplostomum cuticola metacercaria. The study results show an incidence of parasitosis of 80.60% for rudd, 75.00% for roach and 25.05% for silver bream. Regarding the intensity of infestation (low, medium and high), low levels of infestation are predominant (rudd – 72%; roach 83.30%; silver bream – 66.60%). The preferred body area for metacercaria (in descending order) are as follows: for rudd – 90.00% on the body, 86.00 on the fins and caudal peduncle, and 28.80% on the head; for roach - 50.00% on the body, 66.00% on the fins and caudal peduncle, and 33.00% on the head; for silver bream – 100.00% on the body, 33.00% on the fins and caudal peduncle, and 33.00% on the head. Histopathological sections were taken from musculocutaneous tissue extracted from the dorsal area of fish which was parasitized with cystic metacercariae. The central points of metacercaria is surrounded by a connective structure in the form of a capsule, in which melanocyte-like cells are predominant. Intracytoplasmically, they show a brown-blackish granular pigment which masks the cell nucleus. Perifocally, the inflammatory cell infiltrate is discreet with few mononuclear heterophile cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The investigation performed on a 31 hens effective (27 laying hens and 4 cocks) reared and maintained in traditional system during May-June 2014, concerning the anatomo-clinical, hystopathological, prophylactic and therapeutic picture in a cnemiodocopte scabie outbreak of legs, emphasizes an incidence of the parasitosis with different values function of production category, 14.8% in laying hens and 75.5% in cocks. The anatomo-clinical examination revealed poultry within different stages of disease evolution, from incipient forms, less expressive (3 cases-43.0%) to serious foms, with productive dermatoses high prurigenous in the tarso-metatarso-phalangeal area (4 cases- 57.0%). The hystopathological sections performed from pathological material, collected from the tarso-metatarsian area with serious cnemiodocopte scabie lesions in hen, emphasize at epidermis level lesions of acanthosis with hyperkeratosis, and spongiosis lesions in the cells of the spinous layer, and around parasites appears a limiting thick layer, keratinic. In deep dermis is presented an infiltrate preponderantly perivascular, with mononucleates and hetherophils (lesions of perivascularite). According to applied therapeutic protocol (Ivermectin, 0.5 ml s.c. inoculation in axilar area) it was reported a progressive improvement of the anatomoclinical picture, visible from the 7th post-therapeutic day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given that the market demand for food is growing, aspect correlated with climatic changes more pronounced in the last decade, the growth technologies in fish farms it adapt, trying as much as possible to exclude environmental factors from the production equation. This is possible by maintaining constant physicochemical characteristics of water, artificially, using recirculating systems. Because some of the most important stages of the technological growth of trout are incubation, hatching and post-embryonic development, in this study we want to evaluate the obtained performance in two different growth systems: a classical system for incubation and post-embryonic development, respectively a recirculating system. Taken in the study two groups of 10.000 trout eggs each, with common origins, were studied and monitored: physico-chemical characteristics of the water in the two systems, losses during incubation, hatching rate, survival rate, duration of incubation and growth dynamics during post-embryonic stage. The results showed favorable and approximately constant values of the physico-chemical parameters in recirculating water system, while in the classical system were major variations. Also, the results for the other proposed objectives were favorable for the exploited group in recirculating system. This reflects the importance of recirculating systems using, at least in the early stages of the technological process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting from the premise that achieving higher production and economic performance in the salmonid farms is strongly influenced by the processes of artificial breeding, on this study we wanted to highlight the optimal age at which rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) females can be used for breeding. For this, where randomly selected from the each growth basins, 20-breeding females by the following age groups: 3, 4, 6, 8 and 10 years. Were determined: body weight of each females, the total number of eggs / female, individual mass of eggs, the diameter of eggs, the volume of eggs, respectively the individual weight of the ovaries. Based on the obtained data, were calculated the following selection and breeding indices: gonado-somatic report (GSr), Behning fertility coefficient (Bfc), respectively Williams absolute individual fecundity index (Waif). In the gonado-somatic report (GSr) was found an increased value from 15.33 ±0.299 at 3 years age, up to a maximum of 17.194±0.366 (at the age of 6 years). For females of 8 and 10 years ages, its found an decreased value from this report (16.267±0.406, respectively 13.070±0.630). For the Williams absolute individual fecundity index (Waif), were obtained increasing values, proportional with age (4.278±0.279 at 3 years, 6.799±0.562 at 10 years). The same aspect has been reported in the case of Behning fertility coefficient (Bfc). Based on evolution of selection and breeding indices values, we recommended in the technological processes the use of rainbow trout females with age between 4 and 8 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Safety and hygienic quality of milk is conditioned by animal health and hygiene of operated shelters, milking hygiene, staff, storage and cooling of milk immediately after milking, transport to the collection centers, processing and recovery units, and compliance with cold chain distribution network and marketing of milk (Miresan Vioara et al., 2009). All these are important links in quality management and milk as raw material milk products from producer to consumer. The food markets of Campia Turzii and Turda are small producers who sell milk from villages surrounding these cities. Milk samples were taken from seven sources of supply to different markets traders, which were performed on the physical-chemical milk fat content, protein, but the somatic cell count and total bacterial count. The results obtained on these quality parameters show that milk from these producers is within quality standards, but with the necessity to improve hygiene conditions at harvest and storage of milk sold in food markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research has targeted milk quality parameters collected morning and evening milking on three sequences. The following parameters were analyzed: fat, protein, lactose, somatic cell count and weight of fatty acids depending on carbon chain (Jensen, R.G., 2002; Kurtz, F.E., 1987). Taking into account the fat content in both the morning milking and at evening, it increases the dynamic sequences of milking, in the sense that the second sequence of milking the fat content is higher by 75% from the first sequence milking. Differences between milking are very small and insignificant. A different aspect is the evolution of the milk protein content, meaning that it has a constant character, maximum differences of 5% between the second and third sequence of milking sequence of events, look at developments are observed and lactose content in milk. With regard to content in somatic cells, their development is of a tortuous, but at the same time on three different sequences of milking. Of fatty acids sequences have a significant weight in the morning to evening milking are palmate and oleic acids and with low are mostly the other fatty acids (myristic, lauric and caprylic). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fish and fish products were always a commodity in human nutrition. Aquaculture resources of natural continental or maritime waters permanently secured human food needs, but today, under the global population explosion, humanity may destroy the balance of existing ecosystems by exploiting their irrational considerations to which attention is directed to aquaculture specialists, knowing that real progress in recent years. In this economic stage, a fierce commercial competition and significantly reduce the market price, and achieving alignment implies a new concept of strategy to lower production cost, which ends with the use of improved genetic lines. Genetic improvement programs correctly applied in accordance with existing species and environmental conditions will help increase the performance of production and reproduction of fish and getting a low production cost, benefiting in this respect, both producers and consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Milk quality is influenced by many factors including rank lactation This study aims to present the evolution of the main quality parameters of milk as the fat, protein, lactose, dry matter and the number of somatic cells for the first five lactations in Bălţată Românească breed during twelve official controls, starting in June 2015 until the month of April 2016. The biological material studied was represented by three herds of dairy cows in three farms from Sălaj County (Crasna, Marin and Bodia villages). Analyzing qualitative parameters of milk obtained from the herds in lactation 1 during the 12 controls, there was a percent of 3.58% fat, 3.05% protein, 4.49% lactose and 8.48% dry substance and less than 100,000 cells/mL for SCC. in Crasna farm. These parameters varied over the five lactations, the highest values being ranked in lactation five. Herd from Marin farm presented a fat content of 4.44% in lactation 2, while the lowest percentage of fat was recorded in lactation 3 (3.66%). Regarding the protein, the highest percentage was obtained in lactation 2 (3.70%) and the lowest in lactation 1 (3.39%). In the farm from Bodia the values were intermediate between the two other farms. Lactation rank affects milk quality, so in lactation 1 there were recorded the lowest values of quality parameters of milk. Somatic cell count was under 100,000 for all three farms, suggesting a good health status of the herds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Statistical data of last years reveal a significant fish consumption increase by human, but also of other aquatic organisms, which are over 400 species, from which fishes represent about 200 species. Because natural resources are more and more reduced, the aquaculture has an ascendant trend and inside it the salinoniculture detains a forehead place. in this context, it is necessary to be permanently perfected salmonid breeding methods and technologies, following to obtain some production qualitatively as great and appropriate as possible, by maximum exploitation of the biological potential of culture material. inside this experiment, the authors determined the body weight and main morpho- physiological indices on a number of 40 rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) breeding stock individuals, taking in study randomly 10 individuals (5 males and 5 females) from the existent four breeding stock populations inside Fiad trout farm, Bistriţa-Năsăud County. Description of these body weight indices and those of body frame ones, on age categories, will permit inside this trout farm the optimal age, body weight and body frame determination that breeding stock must have in view to obtain some viable and valuable offspring, both qualitatively and also quantitatively. Finally, the obtained data were statistically processed and interpreted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researches were conducted on a biologic material, a cow livestock, in different lactating stages and their physico-chemical parameters were determined: fat; protein, lactose, unfat dry substance, milk freight. Microbiologic determinations mainly envisioned: the number of somatic cells (NSC), number of total germs (NTG). The detection of this microbiologic parameter in the composition of cow milk provides information regarding the hygienic conditions of their production and handling. Correlations between the number of somatic cells, milk production and composition are employed in dairy cow farms, in order to assess losses caused by mastitis and the implementing of certain measures for the control of these diseases. On the other hand, correlations between the number of somatic cells and milk composition proveuseful in establishing milk processing behaviour, as the practice of setting milk raw matter prices according to the number of somatic cells in the milk is becoming increasingly more frequent in developed countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the last decades the genetic modified organisms (GMO) have started to "conquer", little by little our lives. The most widely used are the genetic modified plants, because they have big productions and they are resistant to different pests. In the beginning, the spread of the genetic modified plants was controlled, but today many countries cultivate genetic modified plants without any control. Among these countries Romania is ahead, starting the cultivation of the genetic modified plants in 1999, very soon after their obtaining. Today it seems that in Romania there are cultivated large surfaces with soy, potatoes and corn. The effect of these cultures on the environment is as far not completely known. This paper outline the effect of the food consumption obtained from this plants which may determine different sort of allergies, especially in children and the scientists are worried about their effect on long term use. Also, because the genetic modified plants have bigger productions than the normal ones and they are more resistant, the farmers are not encouraged to declare that they are using genetic modified seeds. So, in that way, the consumer does not know what kind of food he consumes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study the structure of the Danube crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) population from Ţaga Mare Lake, Cluj County was analyzed. According to the study results, three age categories (2+, 3+ and 4+) were identified for the Danube crayfish specimens. Numerically, females are more numerous than males, the sex ratio between males and females being as follows: SR2+ = 0.33; SR3+ = 0.33; SR4+ = 0.86. In terms of body size, males are better developed, except for their abdominal segments, where females are better developed due to the female reproductive function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper shares the results of genetic structure analysis of the PEN-P gene, carried out in an ovine nucleus of Merinos of Cluj breed. Biological samples (blood) were collected from 20 rams (Merinos of Cluj breed) from a herd in genetics conservation belonging to SDE Cluj-Napoca and were genotyped at the PRN-P locus by means of primer extension analysis, and the final products were analyzed on a Genetic Analyzer ABI Prism 3130 xl. The frequency of genes by haplotypes were identified, and the individuals were categorized in risk groups based on the frequency of the identified genotype, with a view to applying assisted selection at the molecular level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The investigations were done on the ruminal juice from sheep youth of Tigaia, Merino of Clue and Corriedale breeds in fattening in fact stage. In view to establish the fodder structures' effect on ruminant microflora and microfauna it was done the microscopic exam of ruminal juice to all the experimental breed structures on phases, making clear also, through centrifugation, the proportion of infusoria and bacterium. Also, was determined through the hemocytometric method, the number of protozoa and bacterium in ruminal juice. With the purpose to point out the bacterium genus it was used the Gram staining. Doing the analysis of the obtained values on fattening phases it was ascertained a greater number of bacterium in the growing phase after which it is recording a diminution of them in fattening and finishing phases. The number of protozoa determined on ml is similar to the data cited in specialty literature for the intensive fattening technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past decades buffalo milk has attracted growing interest in most countries, especially due to its nutrition characteristics. In Romania, buffalo milk and milk products are mainly considered local and traditional resources, and play an important role in enhancing livestock biodiversity. Currently, the overall availability of milk from all dairy animal species, as well as the possibility of obtaining new products must be analysed. Buffalo milk composition is influenced by season. Milk fat level in autumn is 7.95%, and in the summer it is 7.29%. The highest mean values for the cheese were recorded in the spring season, with a fat and protein content of 41.02% and 21.34%, respectively. In autumn, the fat content is at 36.92%, and protein is at 19.81% . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of increase the fish farms productivity and diversification of aquaculture products, have been evaluated the growth dynamics of three species of trout: rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). All three species of trout were grown in Trecătoarea Ursului trout farm, Braşov County and have benefited from the same environmental parameters and the same feeding conditions. The growth dynamics of rainbow trout was significantly higher, compared to the other two species. This is the result of domestication and improvement of rainbow trout, as well as its genetic characters. The lower growth dynamics of brook trout and arctic charr increase the production price, this aspect having directly implications on the selling price. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It was examined the influence of seasons and farming systems on hematological profile of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In the classical growth system, the mean values of hematological indices showed large variations, depending on the season. In the recirculating growth system, hematological indices were relatively constant, regardless of the season. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because recirculating systems for breeding fish (in general) and trout (in particular), are more and more used in fish production and aquaculture, we investigated the influence of two different growth systems (classic system vs. recirculating system) on the fish health. Physiological status of trout was evaluated by histological investigations made at the liver level. At trout reared in the classical system, histological changes have not been major. At trout reared in a recirculating system, where environmental conditions are maintained at optimum parameters, voluntary feed intake (much enhanced by optimal environmental conditions), led to the appearance of massive lipid inclusion, such as the liver appears to be a hypertrophic fat mass. This may lead to the occurrence of the diseases and could endanger fish production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The morphopathological research performed on organs (liver, lungs, and mesenteric lymphonodules) prelevated from 51 cattle individuals (21 youngs and 30 adults), slaughtered during January - June 2014 in SC ROXMONT TRADING SRL slaughter house from IARA village, county of CLUJ, concerning the incidence of some digestive and lung endoparasitosis, as well as produced lesional picture. It emphasizes the incidence of cronic fasciolosis with different values, from 9.5% (in young) up to 16.6% (in adults), being in correlation to cattle grazing areas high dry land areas or low marshy areas, rich in aquatic gastropods, intermediate hosts in the life cycle of the parasite Fasciola hepatica. The hepatic and lung ehinococcosis have a different incidence with variation function of age category. Thus, in young the incidence, in both localizations (liver and lungs) have identic values from 28.5%; in adults values are different, 50% located in liver and 66.6% located in lungs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consumption of meat and meat products is an essential component in the human diet (Banu C. 2007). To assess the quality of meat products obtained from SC "Marele Alb" SRL Turda where carried out physical-chemical and microbiological analyses, effected periodically and on lots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to modernization of growth technologies and the increasing of growth trout densities, were highlighted differences in terms of the final products obtained quality. Therefore, we aimed to identify the possible morphological and histological changes of the digestive system of rainbow trout, by adequate investigation on some specimens from two different farming systems, one classical and the other superintensive-recirculating. Respecting the working protocols, were slaughtered trout from each system, being prelevated samples and segments of the esophagus and stomach. The results did not reveal morphological and histological differences, except for some lipids deposits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research aimed the quality parameters analysis collected from three milk collection centers in the NW Transylvania which used to obtain different types of milk based products. The average values obtained for milk collection centre 1 was 3.78±0.04% fat, 3.27±0.02% protein, 8.62±0.04% dry matter, density 27.97±0.030L, SCN 239.97/ml"1000 and TGN 102.90/ml"1000; for the average collection centre 2 were obtained 3.76±0.03% fat, 3.27±0.01% protein, 8.62±0.03% dry matter, density 27.98±0.040L, SCN 194.07/ml"1000 and TGN 118.67/ml"1000; for the average collection centre 3 were obtained 3.69±0.03% fat, 3.24±0.01% protein, 8.61±0.02% dry matter, density 27.92±2.140L, SCN 131.93/ml"1000 and TGN 153.97/ml"1000. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because there are few salmonid farms in Romania where trout are artificially breed, is necessary for them to streamline their technological and economic activities, based on a selection-breeding program. Factors that influence the production and reproduction performance of rainbow trout are numerous, one of them being breeding age. Due to this, we aimed to identify the optimal age for use in breeding females of rainbow trout. For this, were randomized retained 20 rainbow trout females with 3, 4, 6, 8 and 10 years age old (20 from each category). They were weighed and measured, being analyzed the breeding performance, like ovary weight, the total number of eggs, egg diameter, egg volume, individual mass of eggs. The obtained data were used to calculate the reproduction indices: gonadosomatic ratio GSr, absolute individual index of fertility - Williams Waif, Behning-fertility coefficient Bfc. Between the values of these indices and the values of initial phenotypic characters analyzed, were calculated correlations. The results lead to the conclusion that, in practice, must be used rainbow trout females between the ages of 4 and 6 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nutritional value of milk is closely related to its chemical composition and it is estimated that milk contains high vegetable protein, the same amount of meat protein. In biochemical terms, cow's milk contains four major elements: protein, carbohydrates, lipids and minerals. The working method used consisted of physical-chemical and microbiological analysis of raw milk, analyzes were conducted in the laboratory of the fabrics. The periods of analysis were November-December 2011 and January-April 2012, and were taken a total of five samples monthly. The results of the study on the quality of raw milk processed in SC Romfulda SRL Beclean-Bistriţa suggests that this unit is getting shifted to correspond to consumer products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study tracked seasonal variations as an influence on the main milk components (fat and protein) and quality parameters in terms of content in somatic cells (SCC) and total bacterial count (NTG). The biological material studied was represented by 20 head of dairy cows Romanian spotted breed from which milk samples were collected in four seasons of the year. The results obtained shown differences in the studied parameters according to the season, differences that are due to different diets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reproduction is one of the most important function of organisms, after which arise descendants that inherit the parental characteristics. At fish, the reproduction is materialized following the occurrence a large number of gametes (Miclea and Zăhan, 2006). At the majority salmonids species, the breeders are procured from the natural environment, during the breeding. In rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) case, the breeding stock is reared in special ponds from the trout farms. In this case, the breeding stock is the results of a strict selection (Gjedrem, 2005), and the growth requires optimal environmental conditions. As the literature shows differences regarding the production performances of rainbow trout female according to their age (Fornshell, 2002), in the present study we aimed to determine the fertility and eggs quality in four age categories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a summary of a study on the peculiarities of oro-pharyngeal cavity of rainbow trout fish. It shows that the oro-pharyngeal cavity, which represents the first section of the digestive tract in fish, has some morpho-histological peculiarities in terms of shape and of couple anatomical segments. It also characterizes the morphological and histological attributes of the said segment of the fish's digestive system.

This article discusses a study of the physico-chemical parameters from buffalo raw milk during different lactations. The study started from the fact that the quality assurance of starting material is one of the principal parameters which is conditioning the quality of end product. It provided the results of the physico-chemical investigation of the buffalo milk fated in the industrial processing.