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Aquest article es proposa demostrar com el cooperativisme agrari d’esquerres, que aquí anomenarem rabassaire, es va difondre durant el primer terç del segle XX amb intensitat per bona part del territori. Les cooperatives havien estat la principal forma d’organització del moviment rabassaire abans que es creés la Unió de Rabassaires el 1922. La majoria es van consolidar pel seu caràcter multifuncional —cooperativa de consum i agrària, mutualitat, sociabilitat i reivindicació—, però també per una gestió econòmica que en garantia la continuïtat i que va ser truncada de soca-rel pel resultat de la Guerra Civil., This article aims to show how the Left Agrarian Cooperatives, which we will call “rabassaires” here, spread throughout the first third of the 20th century with intensity throughout the territory. Cooperatives would have been the main form of organization of the Rabassaire movement before the Union of Rabassaires was created in 1922. Most of these were consolidated due to their multifunctional nature - cooperative consumer and agrarian, mutual society, sociability and unionism- but also for economic management that guaranteed the continuity, whose trajectory was truncated of relay by the result of the Civil War.

A mig camí del cooperativisme i de la mobilització social, les cambres agrícoles foren concebudes com una resposta a la crisi agrària del final del segle xix. Era un tipus d’associació que pretenia ser interclassista, però controlada i dirigida pels propietaris agraris i, per tant, al servei dels seus interessos. Amb la unió conjunta de propietaris i pagesos en uns moments en què la crisi havia distanciat els dos grups socials i havia accentuat els seus conflictes, els propietaris intentaven mantenir el vell ordre de la societat rural i al mateix temps modernitzar l’activitat agrícola difonent les noves tècniques. Tant per l’extensió de la seva esfera d’acció com pel nombre d’associats, la Cambra Agrícola de l’Empordà fou un cas excepcional tant a Catalunya com a Espanya; però, tal com prova la seva trajectòria, que s’explica en aquest article, no va escapar de les contradiccions d’aquest model associatiu, Halfway between cooperativism and social mobilization, the agricultural chambers were conceived as a response to the crisis of the late nineteenth century. They were supposedly interclass associations, but were controlled and managed by landowners and, therefore, served their interests. With the joining together of peasants and landowners, at a time when the agricultural crisis distanced these social groups and increased the conflicts between them, landowners tried to maintain the old order of rural society and, at the same time, spread new farming techniques. The Agricultural Chamber of Empordà was an exceptional case in both Catalonia and Spain because of its large number of members and its wide sphere of action, but it was unable to avoid the contradictions of this associative model. This article provides evidence of these contradictions through a description of its evolution

[spa] Esta investigación estudia la viabilidad de la agricultura familiar a partir de un caso concreto, el de los agricultores familiares del Sur de Brasil que fueron expropiados de sus tierras a partir de la construcción de la Hidroeléctrica de Salto Caxias. Su organización y reivindicaciones tuvieron como resultado la formación de reasentamientos, que desde 1998 están regidos por los fundamentos del cooperativismo solidario. La vida comunitaria, la formación de asociaciones y de una cooperativa de crédito, CRESOL, les ha permitido acceder a préstamos a través del "aval solidario". La organización en asociaciones les posibilita comprar insumos y vender la producción colectivamente. Con una diversidad de actividades que abarca desde la cría de vacas para leche hasta cultivos de oleaginosas como la soja y de productos de subsistencia como el maíz, el arroz, el fríjol, la yuca, frutas, etc, cultivados en el sistema biológico y en el convencional, estos agricultores han obtenido ingresos que en estos ocho años (1998- 2006) permitieron el mantenimiento de sus familias y la realización de inversiones en sus explotaciones. El análisis de la estructura socioeconómica que instituyeron y de las características económicas de las explotaciones nos permite constatar que se trata de un magnífico ejemplo de la viabilidad de la agricultura familiar organizada dentro de un Estado democrático. Experiencias como éstas pueden repetirse en diferentes espacios rurales de Brasil y de otros países., [eng] "The viability of associate family agriculture: the case of the Reasentamiento São Francisco, Cascavel, PR, Brazil". This research studies the viability of family agriculture from a concrete case, that of the family farmers in the South of Brazil, who were expropriated from their lands when the construction of the Salto Caixas hydroelectric took place. Their organisation and claims had the result of the creation of new settlements, which from 1998 are ruled by the principles of supportive cooperatives. The community life, the setting up of associations and a credit cooperative, CRESOL, has allowed them to be able to obtain loans through the "supportive endorsement". Their organisation, structured in associations, allows them to purchase agricultural supplies and sell their production collectively. With a diversity of activities which span from cattle rising for milk, to the cultivation of oleaginous, such as soy beans, kidney beans, yucca, fruits, etc, grown both with the biological system and the traditional one, in the past eight years (1998-2006) these farmers have obtained enough income to keep up their families and to invest in their exploitations. The analysis of the socioeconomic structure which they established and of the economic characteristics of their exploitations allows us to state that it represents an extraordinary example of the viability of family agriculture organised within a democratic state. Experiences such as this can be repeated in different rural spaces in Brazil as well as other countries