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Introduction: Developmental delays in children are signs of chronic malnutrition brought on by unfavorable circumstances since birth. Throughout the first 1000 days of life, stunting might increase mortality and disrupt bodily processes. Toddler malnutrition can also result from their culture, traditions, and social food. This study sought to synthesize earlier research that offered an overview of the cultural perspective on stunting prevention. Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) Guidelines were employed in the research design, and four databases were used for the literature search method (Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest, and Google Scholar) To find relevant articles, use the Boolean operator “stunting” OR “stunted” AND “culture” OR “cultural” AND “prevention” OR “prevent” by limiting 2017–2022 in English, full-text articles, and open access. Results: There are 12 papers addressing the cultural perspectives in the prevention of stunting, including parenting cultures on the role of fathers, parenting cultures on the role of grandmothers, and cultures of family empowerment. These studies are cross-sectional and quasi-experimental. Conclusions: Values emerge from interpersonal interaction and become part of the culture. A slightly different approach is required for communicating behavior change, especially in regions where ancestors’ customs and beliefs are still practiced. Stunting can be avoided by using the cultural perspective as a preventative measure. Keywords: culture; health care; prevention; stunting

Introduction: Vaginal discharge can occur in every woman anywhere in the world. Teenage girls are more at risk, though. It's still a challenge to get teenage females to keep their reproductive organs clean as one of their preventative measures against vaginal discharge. This literature review aims to understand the prevalence of vaginal discharge and the factors that influence adolescents' preventive behavior. Methods: The academic databases (Scopus, Proquest, Pubmed, and Garuda), which comprise works published in the 2016–2021 time frame, were searched for relevant articles using a combination of keywords. The framework for this investigation is PICOS. Articles were systematically chosen by reviewing their English and Indonesian, checking for duplication, examining titles and abstracts, determining whether they eligible for full-text reviews, and determining whether they were appropriate for the study's objectives. The study's participants were female teenagers. Results: Ten papers were discovered that satisfied the review's inclusion requirements. While some adolescent females experience vaginal discharge, others think it to be normal and unproblematic. In order to prevent vaginal discharge in adolescent girls, it is essential to have effective personal hygiene. Adolescents' personal hygiene practices are determined by their knowledge, attitudes, and support systems. Conculusion: Most young women are unaware of the serious effects vaginal discharge can have on reproductive health. To improve adolescent girls' understanding and health status, humanistic health promotion about the behavior of preventing vaginal discharge is still important.

Introduction: LARC effectively prevents pregnancy; however, its use is still low. Self-efficacy and perception have an impact on the decision to use LARC. This study aimed to determine the relationship between perception and self-efficacy of LARC utilization in women of reproductive age. Methods: Cross-sectional study design. The population of women of reproductive age couples in the Bungah Health Center area. The research sample was 88 respondents selected by purposive sampling. The study's independent variable is the perceived benefits and perceived barriers, while the dependent variable was the self-efficacy in choosing LARC. The research instrument used a questionnaire. Statistical analysis using the Spearman's rho test with a

Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by infrequent or absent ovulation as well as elevated levels of androgens and insulin (hyperinsulinaemia). The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of endocrine treatment in improving reproductive and metabolic outcomes in women with PCOS. Methods: We searched the following databases from inception to Maret 2020: PubMed, Proquest, ScienceDirect, Scopus and CINAHL. We investigated at metformin, clomiphene citrate, metformin plus clomiphene citrate, D-chiro-inositol, statins, and resveratrol as treatments. We compared them to each other, as well as to a placebo or no therapy. The quality of the evidence ranged from extremely low to moderate. The risks of bias (poor reporting of technique and inadequate outcome data), imprecision, and inconsistency were the limitations. Results: Although the evidence quality was low, our latest evaluation indicated that metformin alone may be superior to placebo for live birth. Data for live birth were equivocal when metformin was compared to clomiphene citrate, and our conclusions were hampered by a paucity of evidence. Body mass index (BMI) varies in the results, emphasizing the need of stratifying data by BMI. Conclusion: Clinical pregnancy and ovulation improvements demonstrate that clomiphene citrate is still preferred to metformin for ovulation induction in obese women with PCOS.

Introduction:The incidence of breast cancer has increased every year, mostly in developing countries. However, breast cancer awareness in women is still insufficient. A woman must be aware of breast cancer disease earlier. This study aimed to describe breast cancer awareness in female adolescents. Methods: The research design was used descriptive-analytic. The study population consisted of female adolescents in 10th-11th grade at Vocational High School in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. The sample was taken using stratified random sampling. There are 206 female adolescents aged 15-18 years old who participated in this study. Data collected using a self-structured breast cancer awareness questionnaire arranged by Breast Cancer Awareness Measurement (BCAM) guideline. The questionnaire consisted of breast cancer knowledge (disease, signs and symptoms, risk factors), perception, and BSE. The statistical analysis was using distribution frequency. Results: The result presented that the majority of female adolescents had high awareness (67,5%). The maximum score was knowledge of disease (3.28 ± 0.54) (table 3). The minimum score was risk factors knowledge (1.95 ± 0.69) and BSE (1.81 ± 0.78). Conclusion: The respondents have good knowledge of breast cancer disease yet understanding of risk factors is low. It is necessary to do counseling programs in school, particularly women's reproductive health and breast self-examination (BSE) due to improve knowledge of risk factors in female adolescents.

Introduction: The postpartum period is a challenging transition for postpartum mothers. The existence of major changes can make mothers experience mood disorders such as postpartum depression. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between family support and self-efficacy with the incidence of postpartum depression. Methods: This study uses a cross-sectional design. The population in this study was postpartum mothers. The sample involved 97 respondents using a consecutive sampling technique. The inclusion criteria in this study were postpartum mothers with 1-4 month periods. The exclusion criteria used were postpartum mothers with severe mental disorders. Data were collected using Sources of Social Support Scale questionnaires, Perceived Maternal Parental Self Efficacy, and Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale. The analysis uses the spearman rho test statistical test. Results: The results showed there was a relationship between family support and postpartum depression (p = 0.000; r = -0.364) and there was a relationship between self-efficacy and the incidence of postpartum depression (p = 0.000; r = -0.355). Conclusion: The higher the family support and self-efficacy, the lower the chance of postpartum depression. Postpartum mothers who get high family support will feel cared for, loved, and can share the burden so they can reduce stress which ultimately reduces postpartum depression. Postpartum mothers who have high self-efficacy tend to regard the task difficulties that she faces as an obstacle rather than as a threat that leads to the emergence of depression.

Introduction: Pregnant women experiencing poor nutritional status remains a problem which is still commonly found in Surabaya. Poor nutritional status is one of the causes of increased mortality in pregnant women. The mother's education and occupation, family income, number of children, and family shape are associated with the incidence of nutritional status in pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to explain the factors related to the nutritional status of pregnant women based on transcultural nursing theory. Methods: his study uses a cross-sectional design. The population were pregnant women at the Public Health Center Tanah Kali Kedinding Surabaya Indonesia, 104 respondents were selected using a consecutive sampling technique. The independent variables were technological, religious, family support, cultural values, political & legal, economic, and educational, while the dependent variable was the incidence of nutritional status in pregnant women. The data was obtained using questionnaires and mid upper arm circumstance (MUAC) measurements. The data was analyzed using the Spearman rho test. Results: There was a relationship between technological (p=0.001 ; r=0.332), family support (p=0.000 ; r=0.379), cultural values (p=0.000 ; r=0.702), political & legal (p=0.000 ; r=0.387), economic (p=0.031 ; r=0.212), and educational (p=0.020 ; r=0.228) factors with nutritional status in pregnant women. Discussion: Technological, family support, cultural values, political & legal, economic, and educational factors influenced the nutritional status of pregnant women. The cultural factor was the most dominant in influencing the nutritional status of pregnant women.

Introduction: Complaints that often occur are dysmenorrhea that is not harmful but can interfere with comfort and activity. An adolescent who know the proper management of dysmenorrhea can overcome it and have good pain management. The study aimed to analyze pain self-management in adolescents with dysmenorrhoea. Methods: This study used correlational research with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study were adolescent at Public Junior High School IV Lamongan. The samples were 129 respondents selected by simple random sampling. The inclusion criteria were an adolescent who analyzes dysmenorrhea. The exclusion criteria for this study were not in place due to illness or alpha. Data was collected using questionnaire self-efficacy, decision making, information support, and pain self-management that had been tested for validity and reliability—test statistics using the Spearman's rho test. Results: The results of the study found a correlation between self-efficacy with pain self-management (p = 0.004; r = 0.24), decision making with pain self-management (p = 0.003; r = 0.26), information support with pain self-management (p = 0.003; r = 0.26). Conclusion: Self-efficacy is a mediator to improve pain self-management optimally to improve quality of life. There are three factors in decision making for pain management in adolescents who experience dysmenorrhea is personal, social, and psychological. Adolescents who have initiatives in finding information about dysmenorrhea have good pain management. It is expected that parents, schools, and health workers provide knowledge to an adolescent who experiences dysmenorrhea to be able to do pain management.

Introduction: Female adolescent is a group prone to iron deficiency anemia due to various factors such as having monthly menstruation and poor diet. Therefore, anemia prevention behavior needs to be done from an early age to avoid prolonged health problems. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that correlated with anemia prevention behavior in female adolescents based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. Methods: This study used a descriptive correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. The population of this study is female adolescents in Madiun City. Purposive sampling was used to obtain 105 respondents. The instrument used was a questionnaire to measure the variables attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, intention, and anemia prevention behavior. Data analysis was performed using the Spearman Rho Test with a level of significance ≤ 0.05. Results: There is a relationship between attitudes (p = 0.003; r = 0.292), subjective norms (p = 0.006; r = 0.266), and perceived behavioral control (p= 0.002; r = 0.299) with the intention to prevent anemia and also perceived behavioral control (p = 0.003; r = 0.292) and intention (p = 0.000; r =0.392) with anemia prevention behavior. Conclusions: Better attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and intention possessed by a female adolescent will make better anemia prevention behavior too. Therefore, support from various parties is needed to intensify the promotion of anemia prevention, education on early detection of anemia, especially for female adolescents, and further research to determine effective health promotion methods.

Introduction: Dysmenorrhea made intolerance to work and absence from work or school. This situation made someone to be unproductive. This study was aimed to determine that cupping therapy is effective to reduction the intensity of dysmenorrhea and vital signs (pulse, systolic and diastolic blood pressure). Methods: This type of research was a quasi-experimental design study with the posttest design only design . The population were all of the female students aged 18-23 years who had primary dysmenorrhea. The sampling method was quota sample with 42 samples that divided into experimental group and control group with 21 samples. The independent variable was cupping therapy and the dependent variable was the intensity of dysmenorrhea and vital signs. The instruments used in this study were numeric rating scale, questionnaire sheets and observation sheets. Data analysis used Mann Whitney U Test. Results: The result showed that dysmenorrhea intensity variable had (p=0.000) its means that there are differences in the effectiveness of cupping therapy in the control group to decrease the intensity of symptoms of dysmenorrhea. In the pulse variable the results were (p= 0.596), systole blood pressure (p= 0.213), and diastole (p=0.639) (p>0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that, there are differences in effectiveness between groups given cupping therapy with the control group to decrease the intensity of dysmenorrhea, for pulse variables, systolic and diastolic blood pressure there was no difference between the two groups.

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the third cancer cause and the fourth leading cause of death for all types of cancer in women worldwide. Cervical cancer can be prevented and cured by early detection because it has a long preinvasive phase. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevention behavior of cervical cancer in woman couple of reproductive ages in Rewarangga Community Health Center. Methods: This research method was a descriptive study involving 196 respondents, taken by cluster random sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire about respondent characteristics and prevention behavior of cervical cancer. Results: Most of the respondents aged between 36-45 years were 109 people (55.6%), seen from the education level almost half had elementary school education as many as 92 people (46.9%), in terms of employment almost half of the respondents did not work as many as 91 people (46.4%), and in terms of family income almost all of them have family income below the UMR

Introduction: Every woman will have menopausal experiences at the end of a biological process called menstrual cycles. Several complaints can be aggravated by lifestyle and stress. This study was to analyze the relation of lifestyle and stress levels with a menopausal complaint in women. Methods: This study was correlational with a cross-sectional approach. The study involved 101 menopausal women lived in a community selected by proportional random sampling. The independent variables were lifestyle and stress levels in menopausal women. The dependent variable was a menopausal complaint. This study used primary data provided by questionnaires and interviews. The data were analyzed using Spearman’s Rho. Results: There was strong correlation between lifestyle (p=0.000; r=-0.424), stress levels (p=0.000; r=0.535), and complaint in a menopausal woman. Conclusion: A healthy lifestyle, stress-controlled to minimize complaints in menopausal women. Further research is needed on factors that increase stress in postmenopausal women.

Introduction: The behavior of prevention of vaginal discharge in adolescents is still a health problem that needs attention. Vaginal discharge will have a harmful impact on adolescents, that is infection, pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility and malignancy (tumors and cancer). The HPM theory emphasizes the active role of someone in regulating the behavior of preventing an illness. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors associated with the behavior of prevention of vaginal discharge in young women based on the Health Promotion Model (HPM) theory. Methods: The design of this study was analytical descriptive with a cross-sectional approach. Sampling uses simple random sampling technique. Large sample of 140 female students. Independent variables are self motivation, perceived benefits, interpersonal influences, and action commitment and the dependent variable is whiteness prevention behavior. The instrument used was a questionnaire. Analysis using logistic regression statistical test with α ≤ 0.05. Results: Factors related to whiteness prevention behavior were self motivation (p = 0,000), perceived benefits (p = 0,000), interpersonal influences (p = 0,020), and unrelated actions commitment (p = 0,102). Conclusion: The majority of female students have good behavior, self-motivation, perceived benefits, high interpersonal influences will improve vaginal prevention behavior. However, the commitment of actions does not contribute to the prevention behavior of vaginal discharge.

Introduction: Adolescent sex behavior is strongly influenced by several things related to the theory of transcultural nursing. The high teenage sex behavior has an impact on the high rate of unwanted pregnancies, maternal mortality and infant mortality and various other health problems. This study aims to analyze transcultural nursing factors related to premarital sexual behavior of adolescents in East Sumba Regency. Methods: The design of this study is descriptive analytical with a cross-sectional approach. The sample was selected by simple random sampling, namely students of class X and XI SMA N 1 Lewa and SMA N 1Nggaha Ori Angu. Data retrieval using questionnaire instruments as many as 6 instruments that have been tested for validity and reliability by researchers and the results of the study were analyzed using the chi square-Pearson test. Results: The high rate of premarital sexual behavior of adolescents in East Sumba Regency was related to social factors and kinship (p = 0.004), culture and lifestyle (p = 0.011), and economy (p = 0.004). Premarital sex behavior is not related to technological factors (p = 0.292), policy and regulations (p = 0.775) and education factors (p = 0.890). Conclusion: There was 3 variables related to premarital sex, namely social factors and kinship, culture and lifestyle and economy. This is due to the existence of local cultural customs and customs which allow arranged marriage in adolescents. Matchmaking is carried out by parents with the aim of completing the social strata (maramba) and mostly to improve the economic status of the family.

Introduction: Indonesia still faced nutritional problems in children is like stunting. Stunting is one of conditions of malnutrition in child that need to be solved in Indonesia because it can affect the quality of the next generation. This study aimed to analyze the factors related to prevention of stunting in children based on Theory of the Health Promotion Model (HPM). Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The population was mothers who have children aged 2-5 years with number of samples are 141 people using purposive sampling technique. The independent variables were prior related behavior, education level, socio-economic status, perceived benefits to action and perceived barrier to action. Dependent variable was prevention of stunting. Data were collected using questionnaire and analyzed using logistic regression with a significance level α

Introduction: Decision for cesarean section may lead to the stress for women in delivery. Stress response requires longer recovery time in post cesarean section patients. Most of patients who experience stress before and after surgical is associated with wound healing delay. When this condition continues, the wound will have a higher risk of infection. The objective of this study was to analyze correlation between stress and wound healing phase in post cesarean section patients. Method: A cross sectional design was used in this study. The population were women with cesarean section, both elective or emergency, in Delivery Room I RSU Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. Samples were recruited by using purposive sampling, with 28 samples who met to the inclusion criterias. The observed variables were stress and wound healing phase in post cesarean section patient. Stress data were collected by interview and wound healing measurement done by observation on the 3rd day post cesarean section. Result: The result showed that women with stress experience wound healing delay. The characteristic of wound healing delay was prolonged on inflammation phase, nevertheless there was presence of granulation tissue. Spearman’s rho correlation showed that correlation value r=0.675 with p=0.000. Discussion: It can be concluded that there was strong significant correlation between stress and wound healing phase in post cesarean section patients. It is important to give this information to the patients with cesarean section in order to prevent stress and delay in wound healing phase.

Introduction: Tradition about nutrient intake in pregnant women had being spreaded in the society and it can influence the behaviour of pregnant women in the fulfilment of nutrient intake in pregnancy. Lombok area is still following the nutrient intake tradition. The objective of the study was examine the relation between tradition of Lombok community with the nutrient intake behaviour in pregnant woman in the working area of Public Health Center Perampuan, Labuapi District, West Lombok Regency. Method: This study used cross sectional design. The population was all pregnant women that came to the Puskesmas Public Health Center Perampuan, Labuapi District, West Lombok Regency each month. Sample formulation used purposive sampling. Total sample were 45 respondents that were taken according to inclusion criteria. Independent variable was tradition of Lombok community and dependent variable was the nutrient intake behaviour in pregnant woman. Data were collected using questionnaire, interview, respondent observation and dietary recall 24 hours. Data were analyzed with correlation Spearman Rho, with significance value α≤0.05. Result: The result showed that there were corelation between tradition of Lombok community with the knowledge (p=0.002), attitude (p=0.001). Analysis: the action of nutrient intake in pregnant woman of the fulfilment nutrient intake in pregnancy. Discussion: Further studies should do the research to change the negativity behaviour causes by tradition of community, specially for nutrient intake in pregnancy, such as continuously health education.

Introduction: Ca Cervix patients who had a chemotherapy may experience depletion of Hb level. Hb level can increase by giving a natural carrot juice. The nutritional content of carrot juice such as beta karoten, ferrum, calcium, vitamin B, vitamin C and protein can assist bone marrow produce Hb and lymphosite. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of carrot juice consumption during chemotherapy on Hb level of patients with Ca Cervix stage II-b. Method: This study used a quasy experimental design and the population was the patients who stayed at gynecology room. The sampling technique was used consecutive sampling, with the total sample were 16 respondents. Data were collected by taken the blood sample and analyzed by using Paired t-Test and Independent t-Test. Result: The result showed that carrot juice influent on the change of rate of Hb with significance level (p=0.005). Discussion: It can be concluded that by giving carrot juice to the patients with experiencing chemotherapy, can increase Hb level. Further studies are recommended to analyze the effect of carrot Juice on patient with low Hb level during Chemotherapy for further possibilities.

Introduction: Menopause woman has higher depression level than pre and postmenopause woman. Many woman who are getting menopause will feel lonely and don’t have any friends to talk, if this situation continue it can cause menopausal depression. Peer group support is one of group therapy which gives opportunity to menopause woman to get mutual support and help them to face the problem. This aimed of this study was to analyze the effect of peer group support in the menopause woman depression level. Method: A quasy experimental pre-post test design was used in this study. There were 16 menopause women taken from Cepokomulyo Kepanjen. The independent variable was peer group support and the dependent variable was the depression level. Data were analyzed by Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and Mann Whitney U Test with the significance level α

Introduction: Many changes in psychology and biology increase primigravida’s stress in the third trimester. The stress response makes blood pressure being unstable, it causes bad effect for pregnancy. Classical music can be used as one of relaxation facilities that can reduce stress. The aimed of this study were to analyze the effect of classical music on stress level and blood pressure. Method: This study was used a quasy experimental purposive sampling design. The sample in this study were 14 pregnancy women in the third trimester in RSIA Cempaka Putih Permata Surabaya. The independent variable in this study was classical music and the dependent variable were stress level and blood pressure. Data were analyzed by Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, Mann Withney U Test, Paired t Test and Independent t Test with significance level α≤0.05. Result: The result showed that the stress level in controlled group with p=0.567 and intervention group with p=0.025. The result of blood pressure in controlled group with p=0.522 in systolic blood pressure, p=0.35 in diastolic blood pressure and intervention group showed p=0.103 in systolic blood pressure and p=1.00 in diastolic blood pressure. Discussion: It can be concluded that listening classical music can reduce stress level, stabilize blood pressure, although blood pressure hasn’t significant result but mean of blood pressure show that it was stable. Further studies should be considered to used cortisol to identify stress biology response spesifically.

Introduction: Trauma to the uretra and bladder may occur during the birth process when the infant passes through the pelvis. About 40% of women face urinary incontinence after childbirth. The aimed this study was to analyze the effect of keagle exercise to descent of urinary incontinence postpartum. Method: This study was used a quasy experimental sampling design. The population was all the mother after childbirth which has urinary incontinence. There were 14 respondents who met to the inclusion criteria. The independent variable was keagle exercise and the dependent variable was descent of urinary incontinence postpartum. Data were taken by structured interview with questionare and observation then analyzed by using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and Mann Whitney U Test with significance level of α≤0.05. Result: The result showed that after the application of keagle exercise, 100% of experimental group was had descent of urinary incontinence with Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test p=0.016 for capacity to urine preserve and p=0.020 for urine frequency in twenty four hours, then with Mann Whitney U Test p=0.026. Discussion: It can be concluded that keagle exercise has an effect to descent urinary incontinence postpartum. It is recommended to provide keagle exercise to mother after childbirth during hospitalize and further studies are recomended to find the difference of capacity to urine preserve and the frequency to urinate in twenty four hours prior to keagle exercise.

Introduction : Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF) is one of infecsius deseases. These deseases can have serious complications and kill the patients. Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF) deseases that is suffered to the patients has become a heavy complication in Tembok Dukuh village. By the health belief model implementation, the patients got earlier response as soon as possible. The objective of the study was to analyze family’s decision for visiting Puskesmas in earlier response of Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF). This descriptive analytic was conducted at work area of Puskesmas Tembok Dukuh Surabaya. The population was the family with Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF) patient from Januari 2007 until July 2009. Method : Clustered design was used to take the sample. Total sample were 65 respondents, taken according to inclusion criteria. The independent variables were health belief model about perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and cues to action. The dependent variable was family’s decision for visiting Puskesmas in earlier response of Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF). Data was collecting using structured questionnaire. Data that had collected were later analyzed with frequency distribution of each category. Result : Result showed that perceived susceptibility most family was in middle category, perceived seriousness most family was in high category, most of family got the benefits, most of family also got the barriers, and all of the respondents have cues to action. The family’s decision to visit Puskesmas for the earlier Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF) response was founded in a few of family. Analysis : It can be concluded that most of the family didn’t have a steady decisison to visit Puskesmas for the earlier Dengue Haemorhagic Fever response. It can be proved by there are most of family chose the others health service. Discussion : Health workers in Desease Eradication Departement (P2M) should sosialize the Puskesmas program related with the earlier Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF) response. So that, the family has believed that visiting Puskesmas is important for the earlier Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF) response.

Introduction: Complication in pregnancy can be endangering both mother and fetus. Pregnant woman and her family must be able to recognize risk factors of the complication. Family support make pregnant woman feel more confident, happy and ready to face her pregnancy. The aimed of this study was to learn the influences of social family support toward anticipatory behavior of pregnancies sign’s alert in primigravida. Method: A quasy experimental purposive sampling design was used in this study. There were 20 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. They were divided into 2 groups, intervention and control groups, each comprising 10 respondents. The independent variable in this study was social family support and the dependent variable was the anticipatory behavior of pregnancies sign’s alert in primigravida. Data were collected by using questionnaire, observation and structured interview and then analyzed by using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and Mann Whitney U Test with significance level α≤0.05. Result: The result showed that the social family support influencing the knowledge of pregnant woman with significant level p=0.011, social family support also influencing the attitude of pregnant woman with significant level p=0.008 and the action of pregnant woman p=0.017. There were difference knowledge, attitude and action between intervention and control groups after treatment with significant level p=0.000 for knowledge, p=0.015 for attitude and p=0.002 for action. Discussion: It can be concluded that social family support influence anticipatory behavior (knowledge, attitude and action) of pregnancies sign’s alert in primigravida. Further studies should be concern to the other factors that influencing the anticipatory behavior of pregnancies sign’s alert in primigravida, both of internal and external factors.

Introduction: Justicial proceeding is able to make any stress or anxiety for everyone that through on it, especially if the process happens on teenagers. The stressor which can make stress in justicial proceeding are the justicial proceeding that doesn’t go along with UU RI No. 3 tahun 1997, i. e. children justicial process, fearness of parents and friend lost, worried about his future, and new neighborhood that is not appropriate with the child’s psychology development. The presence of family is very important to give a social support to the arrested teenagers.The objective of this study was to know the correlation between family social support and post judegement stress in teenagers and the factors of stress in teenagers. Method: This study use Cross Sectional design. Population had taken from teenagers from 13 until 17 years old. Sample was comprised in to 12 individuals who fit with the inclusion criteria. The independent variable in this study was family social support and factors of stress in teenagers, and the dependent variable was post judgement stress in teenagers. Data was collected by measurement using Mood and Feeling Questionnaire (MFQ) for stress, questionnaire of family social support, and interviewed. They were analyzed by Spearman’s test with significance level α

Introduction: Preschool-aged children are not able to manage their nutrition independently. They need help, especially from their mother. Mother's behavior has effect on preschool's nutritional status. The aim of this study was to develop nutrition demand enquiry model for preschool-aged children based on Health Promotion Model. Method: Design used in this research was an observational analytic with cross sectional approach that was conducted in Karangturi Village, Gresik, East Java. The population was mothers of preschool aged children listed on Integrated Health Post for Underfives (Posyandu Balita) along April–May 2012. Simple random sampling was used to take the sample. Sample size was 90 respondents. The independent variables were personal factors (age, motivation, and ethnicity), perceived benefit, perceived barrier, perceived self-efficacy, and commitment. The dependent variable was mother's behavior on nutrition of preschool children. Data were collected using questionnaire and food recall 24 hour. Data were analyzed using PLS (Partial Least Square) Regression. Result: The result showed that 1) personal factors had correlation with perceived benefit, perceived barrier, and perceived self-efficacy; 2) perceived benefit and perceived barrier had correlation with commitment; 3) commitment had no correlation with mother's behavior on nutrition. Perceived benefit and perceived barrier had direct correlation with mother's behavior on nutrition. Discussion: It can be concluded that mother's perceived benefit and perceived barrier was correlated with mother's behavior on nutrition. Nurses are key health care professionals responsible for increasing health education activities about how to manage nutrition of preschool age children. So, mother should have good behavior on preschool age children's nutrition.

Introduction: Most Posyandu’s cadres cannot fill growth record of children correctly due to lack of training. The objective of this study was to explain the effect of training about growth record filling to behaviour changing of Posyandu cadres. Method: This research used quasy experimental method. The population of this research were all Posyandu cadres. Sample was taken by simple random sampling then 20 respondents divided into treatment group and control group. Independent variable in this research was the training for cadres filling growth record of children and dependent variable was the behaviour changing of Posyandu’s cadres. Data were taken by using the questionnaire and directly the interview to respondent then be analyzed by using Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test and Mann Whitney U Test, with signi fi cant level α ≤ 0.05. Result: The result showed that training for cadres about filling growth record had significant effect to the cadre’s behaviour (knowledge α = 0.007, attitude α = 0.005, and action α = 0.007). But, it had no signi fi cant effect on control group (knowledge α = 0.157, attitude α = 0.102, action α = 1.00). Discussion: It can be concluded that training of cadre about filling growth record could change the Posyandu’s cadres behaviour. Public health centers need to conduct training which have compatible content with the standard of Government Health Departement. Further studies should involve larger respondents to obtain more accurate result.

Introduction: The high Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) require attention to implementing improvement programs and improving maternal health. According to data from East Java Health Offi ce AKI during 2009 were 260/100,000 live births. Indicators of maternal monitoring imple can be seen from figure K1 coverage (visit pregnant women in the first pregnancy) and K4 (contact at least 4 times during pregnancy for antenatal care). Methods: This study was conducted with the observational design of the “cross-sectional”, is a study to learn the dynamics of the correlation between risk factors with effects, with the approach, observation or data collection at once at some point (time point approach). Result: Variable associated with compliance standards of village midwives in implementing the ANC in the province of East Java is the level of knowledge (p) = 0.014 and the infrastructure required to ANC (p) = 0.000. Other variables did not show a significant relationship such as: age (p) = 0.121, status (p) = 0.831, period of employment (p) = 0.147, education (p) = 0.153, training (p) = 0.664, motivation (p) = 0.525, supervision (p) = 0.887, and rewards (p) = 0.663. Discussion: District Health Office/City should do a refresher on antenatal care in midwife needs to be done, since there are those who have a suffi cient level of knowledge and less. Facilities and infrastructure that support the implementation of Antenatal Care (ANC) should be facilitated effectively, to support midwives performance in implementing standards of care Antenatal Care.

Introduction: Personal hygiene is an action to maintain a hygiene and body health. This condition must be caring by everyone, because various of desease can happen in lack consequence of hygiene. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of health education with contemporary book story on preschool personal hygiene behaviour (knowledge, attitude, action) at RA Perwanida, Mojokerto. Method: Design use in this study was Quasy Experimental design. The population had taken from RA Perwanida, Mojokerto, in July 2009, whom deal directly with the preschool parents. Total sample was 22 respondents who met B class in RA Perwanida, Mojokerto. They were divided into 2 groups, treatment and control groups. Data were collected by using questionnaire and observation sheet. Data were analyzed by using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with significance level of α ≤ 0.05 and Mann Whitney U Test with signi fi cance level ofα ≤ 0.05. Result: Results revealed the presence of effect in treatment and control groups. In treatment group the level of dependence due to preschool knowledge had signi fi cance level of p = 0.002, while that in control group was p = 1.000, to preschool attitude p = 0.034 in treatment, and p = 0.014 in control group, to preschool action p=0.001, and p = 0.317 in control group. Discussion: It can be concluded that there are significant influence of health education with contemporary book story on preschool personal hygiene behaviour. Further study should measure qualitation of understanding about personal hygiene behaviour for teacher in RA Perwanida, Mojokerto.

Introduction: Toddler may have poor appetite and picky eater stage. It will influence the children food intake and thereby they loss weight. As a result they may get a growth and developmental disorder. Curcuma honey can increase appetite and influence body weight. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of giving curcuma honey in increasing body weight in toddler. Method: Quasy experimental design was used in this study. Sample was 10 toddlers and divided into two groups. Independent variable was the giving of curcuma honey and dependent variable was the increase of body weight in toddler (1–3 years). Data were collected by appetite and bodyweight observation and analyzed using paired t-test and independent t-test with significance level ofα ≤ 0.05. Result: Result showed that the giving of curcuma honey had a significant effect to increase toddler’s body weight (p = 0.001). Discussion: It can be concluded that curcuma honey could increase body weight of toddler by increasing the toddler’s appetite. Honey contains high level of glucose and fructose that can help digestion proccess and curcuma contains curcuminoid and asiri oil that help the work of the bile and pancreas, that made the increasing in apetite and fi nally the increasing in body weight.

Editorial: Menilik Kesehatan dan Gangguan Reproduksi Pada Perempuan

Introduction: Until recently, Low Birth Weight Babies (LBWB) has become an issue in Indonesia which causes morbidity and mortality during neo-natal period. A common problem found on LBWB is instable body temperature. An effort to solve this problem is done by treating LBWB in incubators. However, the limited incubator facility increases hypothermia on LBWB. Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) treatment is very effective to solve this problem. This research aims to understand the factors related to Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) implementation on LBWB at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital nursery room. Method: This is a descriptive analytical research using cross-sectional approach. The sample of this research was the mothers of low birth weight babies being treated at nursery room of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya which consists of 15 respondents determined by inclusion criteria. The data were collected using questionnaire and observations on the respondents. Statistical test used in this research was spearman rho correlation test with p≤ 0.05 as the significance level. Result: The findings of this research indicated that KMC was well implemented at the nursery room of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya. There was a significant relationship between mothers’ knowledge and the implementation of KMC (p=0.027; r=0.567), and a significant relationship between mothers’ attitude and the implementation of KMC (p=0.027; r=0.643). There was also a significant relationship between family support and the implication of KMC (p=0.032; r=0.554). Discussion: It can be concluded that better knowledge, attitudes, and support on kangaroo mother care can improve the implementation of KMC on mothers with low birth weight babies. Mothers’ attitude is the dominant factor on Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) implementation. As the suggestion, further researches should involve more respondents in order to obtain more accurate result.

Introduction: Cervical cancer as the most common cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. The worse cervical cancer prevention program might lead to delayed treatment of cancer. Furthermore patient who suffered cervical cancer in women of childbearing age. Method: The study design was descriptive cross sectional approach correlation. The population were women of childbearing age who involved the region of Puskesmas Kenjeran Surabaya. The number of sample were 64 respondents who taken by using simple random sampling. The independent variables were factor of personal and self efficacy. The dependent variable was the primary and secondary prevention of cervical cancer. The data was analyzed by using statistic tests Spearmans’s rho to know correlation of independent variable with prevention measures of cervical cancer. Result: The result of relationship between the personal factors and cervical cancer prevention showed value p=0.025 (r=0.280). The relationship between self efficacy with prevention of cervical cancer in women of childbearing age showed value p=0.094 (r=0.211). Conclusion: Personal factors associated with prevention of cervical cancer in women of childbearing age. Self efficacy had no relationship with prevention of cervical cancer in women of childbearing age. The further study was recommended to develop health promotion model factors to increase the prevention of cervical cancer.

Backgrounds : Cervical cancer is second most diseases suffered by women. Chemotherapy is primary treatment for cervical cancer. Chemotherpy has some side effect, and one of them is diarrhea. Diarrhea make cervical cancer suffered more. The purpose of this research was to analyze the correlation of factor’s that cause diarrhea on cervical cancer. Methods : This research uses descriptive analitic method with retrospective design. The population in this research is all patients who had post first chemotherapy. Sample in this study were 21 respondents, with purposive sampling. Variable independent were type of chemotherapy drugs, character of chemotheraphy, staging, stress and dietary. Variable dependent was diarrhea. Data collected using quesionare. Data were analyzed using chi square test with level of significant α≤0,05. Results : The result of the study reveals that type of the chemotherapy drug p:0,598, character of chemotheraphy p:0,336,. Staging has correlation with diarrhea significant of p:0,022. Stress and dietary analysisis presented p:0,00. It means that there was significant correlation with diarrhea. Conclusion : It can be concluded that diarrhea incident related to staging, stress and dietarry. There‘s no correlation between type of chemotherapy drug, character of chemotheraphy with diarrhea Further studies should give health education about dietary causing diarrhea, chemotherapy procedural and sides effect’s, increase supports for patient with cervical cancer. Keyword: Cervical Cancer, Chemotherapy, Diarrhea.

Menstruation is a period of uterine fluid discharge to endometrial detachment, often accompanied with pain called dysmenorrhea. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of cat stretch exercise on the relief of menstrual pain and characteristics of vital sign in adolescence. Pre experimental design (one group pre-post test) was used in this study, 12 samples were recruited by purposive sampling. Observation and questionnaire were applied to measure patient’s pain scale. Data were analyzed by using Wilcoxon signed rank test (p