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Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2021-11-09T02:36:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2019 - Juliana Paes Leme de Mello Sousa.pdf: 3642117 bytes, checksum: 434795782f438bf0884d950e52f093ec (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-11-09T02:36:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2019 - Juliana Paes Leme de Mello Sousa.pdf: 3642117 bytes, checksum: 434795782f438bf0884d950e52f093ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-08-26 CAPES - Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior Propolis is a natural product that has been used in the treatment of diseases since ancient times. The presence of several phenolic substances explains, in part, the variety of biological and therapeutic properties reported in the literature. Of note are flavonoids, cinnamic acids and their esters. Aiming to expand and produce knowledge about Brazilian propolis, it is necessary to analyze this product in order to characterize its identity, its composition and evaluate its effects on health when adopted by the population. The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical profile by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-DAD), wax and balm content, comparison of UV-Vis spectral data profiles, phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus from ten extracts of brown propolis (Apis mellifera) obtained from Japira, Northern Paran?, removed by the scraping method in November 2013. As well as the preparation and characterization of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) films impregnated with extracts of brown propolis. Four extraction methods were performed: dynamic maceration at room temperature; dynamic maceration at 50?C; extraction at room temperature ultrasound bath and ultrasound extraction using immersion probe; as well as two types of solvents (Ethanol and Methanol P.A) in order to optimize yield. Generally, the chemical profile of extracts HPLC-DAD propolis was similar and the main identified substances were: chlorogenic, caffeic, ferulic, p-coumaric and rosmarinic acid, besides the flavonoids pinobanksina, canferol and canferide. Among the phenolic substances quantified in brown propolis extracts with the highest value was canferide for both ethanolic propolis extracts (obtained by ultrasound extraction using immersion probe 39.58 ? 14.33 mg100mg-1 extract) and methanolic propolis extracts (obtained by dynamic maceration extraction at 50?C 34.86 ? 3, 29 mg100mg-1 extract).What can characterize canferide as a biomarker of the propolis samples studied in this work. When comparing brown propolis extracts with green propolis extracts, the chemometric analysis showed a difference between the extraction solvents as well as between the propolis types. Regarding antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, all brown and green propolis extracts were able to promote inhibition of this Gram-positive bacterium in the agar diffusion test. NaCMC films and propolis extract impregnated NaCMC films showed adequate results for dressing purposes such as transparency, flexibility, immediate release of embedded products and thermal resistance. A pr?polis ? um produto natural que tem sido empregado no tratamento de enfermidades desde os tempos antigos. A presen?a de diversas subst?ncias fen?licas explica, em parte, a variedade das propriedades biol?gicas e terap?uticas relatadas na literatura. Destacam-se os flavonoides, ?cidos cin?micos e seus ?steres. Visando ampliar e produzir conhecimento sobre a pr?polis brasileira, faz-se necess?rio analisar este produto de forma a caracterizar sua identidade, sua composi??o e avaliar seus efeitos na sa?de quando adotados pela popula??o. O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar o perfil qu?mico por cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia (CLAE-DAD), comparar os perfis dos extratos obtidos por UV-Vis, determinar o teor de ceras, b?lsamos e das subst?ncias fen?licas, avaliar a capacidade antioxidante e a atividade antimicrobiana frente ? Staphylococcus aureus de dez extratos de pr?polis marrom (Apis mellifera) obtidas do munic?pio de Japira, Norte do Paran?. Al?m disso, foi realizado a prepara??o e a caracteriza??o de filmes de carboximetilcelulose s?dica (NaCMC) impregnados com extratos de pr?polis marrom. Para preparar os extratos, quatro m?todos de extra??o foram realizados: macera??o din?mica a temperatura ambiente; macera??o din?mica a 50?C; extra??o em banho de ultrassom a temperatura ambiente e extra??o com ultrassom usando sonda de imers?o; com dois tipos de solventes (etanol e metanol P.A). De modo geral, o perfil qu?mico dos extratos de pr?polis marrom por CLAE-DAD foi semelhante e as principais subst?ncias identificadas foram: ?cido clorog?nico, cafeico, ferulico, p-cum?rico e rosmar?nico, al?m dos flavonoides pinobanksina, canferol e canferide. Dentre as subst?ncias fen?licas quantificadas nos extratos de pr?polis marrom a que obteve maior valor foi o canferide tanto para os extratos etan?licos de pr?polis (obtidos por extra??o com ultrassom usando sonda de imers?o 39,58 ?14,33 mg100mg-1 de extrato) quanto para os extratos metan?licos de pr?polis (obtidos por extra??o com macera??o din?mica a 50?C 34,86?3,29 mg100mg-1 de extrato). O que pode sugerir o canferide como um biomarcador das amostras de pr?polis marrom estudadas nesse trabalho. Quando comparados os extratos de pr?polis marrom com os extratos de pr?polis verde, a an?lise quimiom?trica mostrou diferen?a entre os solventes usados na extra??o, bem como entre os tipos de pr?polis. Quanto a atividade antimicrobiana frente a S. aureus, todos os extratos de pr?polis marrom e verde se mostraram capazes de promover inibi??o desta bact?ria Gram-positiva no teste de difus?o em ?gar. Os filmes NaCMC impregnados com extrato de pr?polis verde apresentaram se mostraram promissores no preparo de poss?veis de curativos, pois apresnetaream transpar?ncia, flexibilidade, libera??o imediata das subst?ncias incorporadas e resist?ncia t?rmica

Submitted by Leticia Schettini (leticia@ufrrj.br) on 2021-10-06T20:45:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2019 - Lucas de Oliveira Pires.pdf: 3208222 bytes, checksum: aa33d01b8f364150cad13dc9a968be0d (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-10-06T20:45:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2019 - Lucas de Oliveira Pires.pdf: 3208222 bytes, checksum: aa33d01b8f364150cad13dc9a968be0d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-03-27 CAPES - Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico FAPERJ - Funda??o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Propolis is a resinous natural product elaborated by honeybees from different parts of plants, such as shoots and flowers. Its chemical composition is very complex and depends on factors such as climate, seasonality, soil, vegetation and also the bee species. Propolis has currently been identified as na importante source of bioactive compounds due to its high biological potential, with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antitumoral, antiparasitic and antioxidant activities. In this work, ethanolic and n-hexanic extracts were prepared from three samples of green propolis obtained in different regions of Rio de Janeiro. The quality of these extracts was evaluated using colorimetric methods for the determination of the total phenolic content ? total phenolic and flavonoid contents ? and also the antioxidant capacity was evaluated by capturing organic free radicals (DPPH and ABTS), as well as the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The qualitative chemical profile of the extracts was evalutated through HPLCPDA analisys, and the influence of the solvente polarity on the extraction profile was studied. The bioactive compounds 3,5-diprenyl-4-hydroxycinamic acid (Artepillin C), 3-prenyl-4-[(3- phenylpropanoil)-oxy]-cinnamic acid (Baccharin) and 2,2-dimethyl-8-prenylcroman-5- propenoic acid were isolated from the n-hexane exrtract by two chromatographic steps: fracionation of crude extract using the mixture of solventes chloroform/acetone in increasing gradiente concentration, followed by purification of fractions of interest by HPLC-UV in semipreparative scale, using the mixture methanol/water in increasing gradiente concentration. All the isolated constituents were characterized by NMR (1H and 13C), UV spectra and CG-MS techniques, and the contente of these componentes in the crude extract was quantified through HPLC-PDA in reverse phase. The antiparasitic activity of green propolis and its active principles was evaluated against tripomastigoe forms of Trypanosoma cruzi, the parasite responsible for causing Chagas? disease. A pr?polis ? um produto natural resinoso elaborado pelas abelhas mel?feras a partir de diferentes partes das plantas, como brotos e flores. Sua composi??o qu?mica ? muito complexa e depende de fatores como clima, sazonalidade, solo, vegeta??o e tamb?m da esp?cie da abelha produtora. A pr?polis atualmente tem sido apontada como uma importante fonte de subst?ncias bioativas por conta do seu elevado potencial biol?gico, com atividade anti-inflamat?ria, antibacteriana, antiviral, antitumoral, antiparasit?ria e antioxidante. Neste trabalho foram preparados extratos etan?licos e hex?nicos a partir de tr?s amostras de pr?polis verde, obtidas em diferentes regi?es do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A qualidade desses extratos foi avaliada a partir de m?todos colorim?tricos para a determina??o do teor de subst?ncias fen?licas ? teor de fen?licos totais e flavonoides totais ? e da capacidade antioxidante atrav?s da captura dos radicais livres 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazila (DPPH) e ?cido 2,2?-azino-bis(3- etilbenzotiazolina-6-sulf?nico) (ABTS+.), al?m da capacidade redutora do ?on f?rrico (FRAP ? ferric reducing antioxidant power). O perfil qu?mico dos extratos foi avaliado atrav?s de cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia com detector de arranjo de diodo (CLAE-DAD) com fase reversa (C-18). Os componentes bioativos ?cido 3,5-diprenil-4-hidroxicin?mico (Artepillin C), ?cido 3-prenil-4-[(3-fenilpropanoil)oxi]-cin?mico (bacarina) e ?cido 2,2- dimetil-8-prenilcromano-5-propenoico foram isolados a partir do extrato hex?nico de pr?polis verde atrav?s de duas etapas cromatogr?ficas: fracionamento em coluna flash do extrato bruto utilizando clorof?rmio: acetona, com gradiente crescente de polaridade, seguido da purifica??o das fra??es de interesse por CLAE-UV semipreparativa, tendo como solvente a mistura bin?ria metanol: ?gua em gradiente crescente de concentra??o. Todos os constituintes isolados foram caracterizados por t?cnicas de resson?ncia magn?tica nuclear (RMN 1H e 13C), espectrometria na regi?o do ultravioleta (UV) e cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas (CG-EM), e o teor desses componentes dos extratos brutos foi quantificado por CLAE-DAD. A atividade antiparasit?ria da pr?polis verde e de seus princ?pios ativos foi avaliada frente ?s formas infectivas (tripomastigotas) de Trypanasoma cruzi, parasito respons?vel por causar a doen?a de Chagas.

CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico Propolis is a resinous material collected by bees from different parts of plants. Both its composition as its biological properties are dependent on factors such as climate, soil, vegetation and species of collecting bees. Propolis has great potential for therapeutic use due to its chemical composition and pharmacological properties. Herein it was determined the contents of phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity and chemical composition (assessed by HPLC-PAD) of twelve green propolis samples from beekeepers and sixteen commercial propolis extracs from different regions of Southeast Brazil. The antioxidant abilities of the extracts were qualitatively determined through the total phenolic contents using the Folin?Ciocalteau method. Total flavonoids were assessed by the method of complexation with aluminium chloride. The quantitative antioxidant activiti of propolis extracts were determined both by trapping the organic radicals DPPH and ABTS.+ as well by the iron reduction method (FRAP). High pressure liquid chromatography allowed the identification and quantification of chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, para-coumaric acid, rosmarinic acid, vanillin, hesperidin, naringenin, pinobanksin, kaempferol, 4-hydroxy-3,5-diprenyl cinnamic acid (Artepillin-C), kampheride and pinostrobin. Artepillin C, a well known chemical marker of propolis, was present in all propolis extracts analyzed. We highlight that the presence of rosmarinic acid in propolis samples from Rio de Janeiro was reported for the first time in this work. The discrimination between green propolis in natura and commercial green propolis extracts was performed using PCA (Principal Component Analysis) statistical method. The antioxidant capacity in vivo of propolis extracts were evaluated using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as biological system model, assessing important parameters as stress tolerance and lipid peroxidation rate. The antifungal activity of ethanol extracts of propolis in natura were tested against the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporium. A pr?polis ? um material resinoso coletado pelas abelhas de diferentes partes das plantas, sua composi??o e as suas propriedades biol?gicas dependem do clima, solo, vegeta??o e da esp?cie da abelha. A pr?polis tem grande potencial de aplica??o terap?utica, devido ? sua composi??o e propriedades farmacol?gicas. Nesse trabalho foi determinado o teor de subst?ncias fen?licas, a capacidade antioxidante e composi??o qu?mica por CLAE-DAD de doze amostras de pr?polis verde, adquiridas de apicultores, e dezesseis extratos de pr?polis comerciais, provenientes de diferentes regi?es do Sudeste do Brasil. A capacidade antioxidante dos extratos foi avaliada qualitativamente atrav?s do teor de fen?licos totais, pelo m?todo de Folin?Ciocalteau, e flavonoides pelo m?todo de complexa??o com cloreto de alum?nio. A quantifica??o do potencial antioxidante foi realizada pela captura dos radicais org?nicos DPPH e ABTS.+, al?m do m?todo de redu??o do ?on f?rrico (FRAP). An?lises por cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia permitiram a identifica??o e quantifica??o de ?cido clorog?nico, ?cido cafeico, ?cido fer?lico, ?cido para-cum?rico, ?cido rosmar?nico, ?cido 3,5-diprenil-4-hidroxicin?mico (Artepillin C), vanilina, hesperidina, naringenina, pinobanksina, canferol, canferide e pinostrobina. Em todos os extratos de pr?polis analisados foi identificado o Artepillin C, marcador qu?mico para pr?polis verde. Destacamos que neste trabalho foi reportada pela primeira vez a presen?a de ?cido rosmar?nico em pr?polis do Rio de Janeiro. M?todos quimiom?tricos de an?lise explorat?ria, utilizando ?nalise por Componentes Principais foram utilizados para discriminar extratos de pr?polis verde in natura daqueles extratos comerciais. O potencial antioxidante in vivo dos extratos etan?licos de pr?polis foram avaliados utilizando cepas controles de Saccharomyces cerevisiae como modelo de sistema biol?gico e foram avaliados toler?ncia ao estresse e proxida??o lip?dica. A atividade antif?ngica dos extratos etan?licos de pr?polis in natura foram avaliados, e inibiram o crescimento in vitro do fungo fitopat?geno Fusarium oxysporum.