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The Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is one of the most commonly used techniques in bariatric surgery for the treatment and control of obesity, involving restriction and malabsorption. Some studies have evaluated the micronutrient content and polyunsaturated fatty acids of human milk in women who have undergone bariatric surgery, but data about the saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in nursing mother who underwent bariatric surgery human milk have been lacking. In this case, we quantify the content of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in the stages of lactation: colostrum, transitional milk, and mature milk of a nursing mother undergoing gastric bypass surgery in Y-de-Roux two months before pregnancy. The participant had 29-year-old. In December 2017, she underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, and, 2 months after the procedure, she became pregnant. Fatty acids were quantified on the Perkin Elmer Autosystem XL Chromatograph. High concentrations of myristic fatty acid and lower levels of trans fatty acids were observed in the human milk of women in our study compared to the milk of mothers who did not undergo bariatric surgery. A limitation of the present study was that it represents a case study. Thus, we cannot state that the composition of fatty acids found in this case report reflects the composition of fatty acids in the human milk of all women who underwent BS. More studies are needed to better assess the implication of BS in the composition of fatty acids in human milk.

A amamentação é considerada a melhor fonte nutricional do bebê, porém as mulheres lactantes submetidas à cirurgia bariátrica (CB) devem ser acompanhadas com mais atenção. A CB favorece uma restrição alimentar e má absorção de nutrientes específicos, ocasionando um estado nutricional frequentemente deficiente podendo ser um fator para alterar o conteúdo e a energia do leite humano. Trata-se de um relato de caso, constituído por gestante que engravidou dois meses após cirurgia bariátrica de bypass gástrico, que tem por objetivo relatar e avaliar as características do leite humano. Este relato de caso corrobora com os dados disponíveis na literatura atual, sugerindo que a CB pode influenciar a composição nutricional do leite humano. Entretanto, existe a necessidade de que mais trabalhos, com uma maior população amostral sejam realizados.