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Esta pesquisa aborda o processo sucessório em uma empresa familiar e suas repercussões nos resultados econômicos e tecnológicos de um grupo empresarial. Para tal, é apresentado o estudo de caso do Grupo Ypióca, empresa brasileira que encontra-se na 4ª geração e já preparando a 5ª geração. Com mais de um século e meio de existência o Grupo Ypióca integra um sistema de sete modernas empresas de porte médio. Seu principal produto está presente no mercado nacional e internacional: a aguardente de cana-de açúcar. A coleta de dados da pesquisa foi realizada através de documentos e entrevistas com envolvidos no processo sucessório (atual dirigente-sucessor e herdeira da 4ª geração). São apresentadas as repercussões econômicas e tecnológicas nos resultados da empresa, assim como a análise do processo sucessório através da construção da sucessão., This paper deals with the succession process at the familiar firm and its influences on the economic and technological results to the enterprise. In order to attain this goal, this study presents the case of Group Ypióca, a brazilian firm which is in the 4 th family generation going to the 5 th one. Over more than one century and a half, the corporation consolidated seven modern medium enterprises all of them engaged at the manufacturing of an high quality product that is included in the international an national markets: the aguardente from sugar cane. The data collection was made by means of documents and interviews from the person related to the succession process (the present successordirectrice that is the 4 th generation succeed). The economic and technological succession influences on the enterprise performance results are presented in this study as well the analysis of succession procedures by means of the succession process itself.

Las características del consejo de administración, su funcionamiento y composición, son en la mayoría de las empresas familiares un reflejo de la estructura del poder, experiencia, inquietudes y cultura que posee esa empresa. La presencia de externos en el consejo no ha de suponer la pérdida de control por parte de la familia. Esto último, pondría en peligro la transmisión de la cultura y valores de la empresa, de la visión de la familia y su materialización en la estrategia. En este trabajo se recogen una serie de recomendaciones sobre la adecuada incorporación de outsiders en la empresa familiar dependiendo del resultado de la combinación de la distribución de la propiedad y del tipo de gestión., The characteristics of the Board of Directors, its running and composition reflect, for most family firms, their structure of power, experience, interests and culture. The presence of outsiders in the board does not necessarily imply a loss of power by the family, as this will impair the transfer of the culture and values of the firm, the vision of the family and its strategic implementation. This work includes a series of recommendations on the most adequate way to integrate outsiders in family firms depending on the combination of ownership distribution and kind of management.

El objetivo de este trabajo es el análisis, bajo los argumentos de la Teoría de Agencia y la Dirección Estratégica, del tipo de estructura de poder que es más ventajoso para la empresa familiar andaluza; esto es, aquella independiente que permite controlar y vigilar el comportamiento oportunista desarrollado por los directivos, o por el contrario, la de naturaleza dual que otorga discreción y poder al propietario de la empresa familiar. Para ello, tras revisar la literatura correspondiente, se plantean tres hipótesis cuyo contraste se efectúa sobre una muestra de 856 empresas familiares jiennenses., The main purpose of this paper is to analyze, under the arguments of Agency Theory and Strategic Management, what type of power structure is more advantageous for the family business and its proprietors, one independent that allows to control the manager´s opportunist behavior, or other dual that grants discretion and power to the president of the family business. For it, after revising the corresponding literature, three hypotheses are formulated and tested on a sample of 856 family business.

A empresa familiar ocupa um espaço importante nas economias industrializadas e emergentes. A relação entre família e empresa confere-lhe características especiais em que se confundem as esferas económica e familiar. Vários trabalhos têm surgido sobre esta realidade empresarial, sendo escasso o estudo dos domínios da gestão propriamente dita. O presente trabalho tem por base uma amostra de empresas familiares do Sector Têxtil do distrito de Castelo Branco, em Portugal. Procura-se estudar a particularidade deste tipo de empresa, identificando as práticas de gestão que orientam a sua actuação como empresa. Na sequência da metodologia de investigação utilizada, foi possível identificar, quanto às práticas de gestão, que se privilegia a manutenção da gestão na família, seguida das práticas relacionadas com os recursos humanos., The family firm occupies an important space in the industrialised and emergent economies. The relationship between family and business adds special characteristic in which economic and family spheres are fused. Various studies have appeared on this business reality, thus dealing little with the areas of management specifically. This study is based on a sample of family firms in the Textile Sector located in the district of Castelo Branco, in Portugal. It seeks to study the particularity of this type of organisation, identifying the management practices that guide its performance as business. Following the research methodology used, it was possible to identify, with regard to management practices, that maintaining the management in the family has priority, followed by practices related to human resources.

Este trabalho procura caracterizar a Gestão da Mudança, mas fundamentalmente a Gestão do Conhecimento, passando para a caracterização das Empresas Familiares. Avança com uma nomenclatura “Empresas de origem familiar”, para identificar mais facilmente as empresas que se enquadram como empresas familiares. Por fim, procura avançar com uma proposta para que as empresas familiares possam colocar em execução o modelo de criação de conhecimento., This paper aims to characterize the Change Management, but with most accuracy the Knowledge Management. Then it passes to the Family Business portrayal. This paper does also implement a new name “Empresas de origem familiar”, to identify easily the organizations that are Family Business. At the end of this paper we try to present a proposal for family business to work with the model for Knowledge Creation.

En este trabajo analizamos las fortalezas y debilidades de la empresa familiar que pueden ser consideradas factores claves a la hora de flexibilizar o limitar su proceso de internacionalización. Nuestro interés es mostrar cómo todos estos aspectos influyen en el proceso de internacionalización de este tipo de empresas. De un lado, basándonos en el enfoque de recursos y capacidades, las empresas familiares pueden encontrar motivos suficientes para internacionalizarse si consideran que su ventaja competitiva en el país de destino podría sustentarse en alguna de sus fortalezas (sobre todo aquellas relacionadas con recursos de carácter intangible). De otro lado, también explicamos otros factores que pueden limitar o facilitar el proceso de internacionalización de estas empresas y que son consecuencia del solapamiento que se produce entre los sistemas familiar y empresarial., The present work represents an analysis of the different strengths and weaknesses that can be considered as key factors in making easier or more difficult the internationalisation process of the family firm. In one hand, founded in the resources and capabilities theory, we show how family businesses can find enough reasons for its internationalisation if they consider that their competitive advantage could be based on some of them, specially those ones linked to intangible resources. On the other hand, we also explain others factors that can limit or facilitate the internationalisation process whose origin is the overlap of family and firm systems.

En esta ponencia pretendemos analizar el estado de las relaciones familia-empresa, en las empresas familiares gallegas. Para alcanzar este objetivo hemos planteado, a nuestros empresarios familiares, cuestiones como: a) la existencia de un vínculo emocional entre familia y empresa que, tradicionalmente, se transmite de generación en generación y que constituye la base de la filosofía de crecimiento de la empresa familiar y, b) la existencia de normas específicas que regulen las relaciones entre estos dos subsistemas. Aportamos un estudio empírico descriptivo de la situación de este tipo de empresas basado en los datos obtenidos a partir de una encuesta efectuada a empresas familiares gallegas que facturaban en 1997 más de 1500 millones de pesetas., In this paper we are trying to analyze the family and business relationship situation, in the Galicia family business. To catch our aim up, we have explained, to our owners, points like these: a) the existence of emotional bonds between family and business, traditionally, passing on generation to generation and which establishes the base of family business growth philosophy and, b) the existence of specific regulations regulating the relationships between both subsystems. We are contributing with an empirical descriptive study to the situation of this business type which is based on details obtained from the inquiry carried out to some Galicia family companies that brought in more than 1500 million pts. in 1997.

“El problema de las empresas familiares no está tanto en su nacimiento como en su desarrollo y continuidad” (Gallo, 1998, p. 13). Entre las principales causas de este fenómeno sobresalen las relacionadas con la sucesión. Y es que, cómo mantener el negocio en la familia y la familia en el negocio no es una cuestión fácil de resolver. A pesar de la importancia que reviste para la empresa familiar esta transmisión efectiva de la propiedad y el control a lo largo de las distintas generaciones, los trabajos que consideran como unidad de investigación la sucesión en la empresa familiar son aún escasos, constituyendo éste un tema de reciente actualidad. Por ambas razones hemos consideramos necesario y pertinente emprender una línea de investigación en la que se profundice en todo lo concerniente a la sucesión en la empresa familiar, constituyendo el presente trabajo, uno de los primeros resultados obtenidos., "The problem of the family enterprises is not in its birth, is in its development and continuity" (Gallo, 1998, p. 13). The succession is between the principal reasons of this phenomenon. How to support the business in the family and the family in the business is not a question easy to solve. In spite of the importance that it has for the family enterprise this effective transmission of the property and the control along the different generations, the works that consider the succession to be a unit of investigation in the family enterprise are still scanty, constituting this one a topic of recent current importance. For both reasons we have consider necessarily and pertinent to tackle a line of investigation in which it is deepened in everything relating to the succession in the family enterprise, constituting the present work, one of the first obtained results.

Uno de los temas más importantes cuando se estudia el proceso de internacionalización hace referencia a la estrategia de entrada elegida, la cual se puede relacionar con un mayor o menor compromiso internacional. En este trabajo nos hemos centrado en este aspecto, mediante un estudio de casos de empresas familiares de la provincia de Alicante (España), las cuales se encuadran en los sectores más internacionalizados de la zona. Como resultados obtenemos, por un lado, que este grupo de empresas parece seguir las proposiciones del modelo de Uppsala y, por otro, que la edad, el tamaño y la generación de la empresa familiar parecen influir a la hora de establecer alianzas estratégicas de carácter internacional., One of the most important issues in the study of the internationalization process is the elected entry strategy, which can be linked to the degree of international commitment. We have chosen to address this aspect in this paper by undertaking case studies of family firms, located in the province of Alicante (Spain), that belong to the most internationalised sectors in the region. The results obtained show that this group of firms follow the propositions laid down by the Uppsala model and that the age, size and generation of the family firm significantly influence the establishment of international, strategic alliances.