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Background: Many methodological problems associated in a sports and fitness environment based on a differentiated approach remain beyond the interest of researchers and developers. The aim of the study was to differentiate physical education classes in school in terms of the individual body mass index of schoolchildren and experimentally prove the effectiveness of its implementation for the harmonious development of youth. Study participants: schoolchildren 15-17 years (n = 64). All the schoolchildren were divided into four groups using the method of body mass index (BMI). Interventions: Pedagogical research was carried out for 7 months at school. The study used tests "Ready for work and defense", BMI, body health indicator and cognitive rate. Main outcome measures. In schoolchildren from the groups (EG1 and EG2), differentiated by BMI for physical education classes, the results on physical qualities improved: endurance and dexterity (p < .05). In CG1, where there was no differentiation, during the experiment 3 schoolchildren with overweight added. Thanks to the experimental intervention in EG1, the schoolchildren kept their initial BMI normal. Separate education of schoolchildren has a positive effect on the cognitive abilities of schoolchildren: comparison of EG1 and CG1 (p < .01), comparison of EG2 and CG2 (p < .05). Findings. The study showed the effectiveness of the BMI in differentiating of youth into groups. If the differentiating physical education at school to indicators of BMI, it will significantly improve the performance of physical and cognitive abilities schoolchildren 15-17 years old and reduce obesity of youth.

Background: During the spread of COVID-19, the need for scientifically based methodological assistance to students when walking and running was most evident in order to improve optimal body functions and maintain health. The aim of the study was to develop a program for monitoring students' walking and running according to the system " 10,000 steps a day " during the spread of COVID-19 and to prove its effectiveness through improving body mass index and improving physical health. Study participants: students regardless of gender (n = 114). Interventions: The pedagogical research was carried out for 4 months. During the experiment, the students of the experimental group (n = 71) carried out self-monitoring of aerobic physical activity, consisting of walking and running, using the author's program according to the principle of " 10,000 steps per day " in daily, weekly and monthly cycles. The study used diagnostics of general physical health, the level of functional readiness to perform loads and body mass index. Main outcome measures. The effectiveness of the implementation of the author's program for monitoring aerobic physical activity of students is statistically significant at p < .01 and p < .05. The implementation of the author's model of independent walking and running is effective only under the condition of systematic fulfilment of aerobic physical loads. Findings. The obtained research data showed that during the period of the spread of COVID-19, an active lifestyle of students, including daily walking and running, is possible and effective for physical health and the prevention of overweight.