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Najib Mahfuz's Midaq Alley which refers to the period of later Second World War and right after it was published in 1947 and Halide Edip Adıvar's Akile Hanım Street which refers to the period of 1950s was published in 1957. Social changes occurred approximately on the same dates in Turkish and Arab cultures which resemble one another are reflected in both novels through a street. Najib Mahfuz, in his novel presents the social problems brought by modernization and the materialist way of life via the lives of the characters living in Midaq Alley where locates in an old district of Cairo. While Halide Edip Adıvar, in her novel reveals the demoralization resulted from modernization and the imitation of American life style via the characters belong to different parts of society whose lives come across at Akile Hanım Street, she idealizes enlightened and tradition-bound Turkish man and woman whose characters are constructed solid by education. In this study a comparison of these two novels in consideration of the themes of modernization, demoralization, religion, social classification, politics, relations between wife-husband and employment of women was made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]