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Research has been done on the physicl test of charcoal briquettes made from tea stems (Camellia sinensis). This study aims to determine the physical characteristics of the charcoaI briquettes produced. This research is motivated by the increasing demand for human fuel, thus utilizing tea stems as the main ingredient in making briquettes. The sample variations used were tea tree trunk charcoaI and tapioca adhesive as an adhesive with a ratio of 90%:I0%, 80%:20%, 70%:30%, 60%:40%, and 50%:50%. The physical test carried out included water content, density, and calorific value. The results obtained from the physical test of biochar briquettes with the best quality approaching the quality standards of Indonesian briquettes were obtained on sample with a composition (70%:30%) with the value of water content, density, and calorific value, each of which was 5 .70%, 0.55 g/cm3, and (-) 7.62 cal/g.

Research has been carried out on the effect of adhesive variations on the heating value of briquettes made from tea leaf powder. This study aims to determine the quality of the briquettes produced, this research is motivated by the increasing need for human fuel, so that researchers use tea leaf powder as the main ingredient in making briquettes. The variation of the sample used was tea leaf powder using adhesives in the form of tapioca, wheat flour and molasses as adhesives. With a ratio of 80%:20% and 70%:30%. The analysis carried out is the Calorific Value test. The results obtained from the Calorific value test of briquettes with the best quality approaching the quality standards of Indonesian briquettes were obtained in sample C2 with a composition (70%:30%) which resulted in a heat absorption value of 112.86 cal/gram.

This research was conducted to utilize durian seed waste into activated carbon and aims to identify the characteristics of the durian seed activated carbon produced from the activation temperature alteration. With an experimental method with a quantitative approach, the process of making durian seed activated carbon was tested by carbonization using an oven at a temperature of 200 oC for 180 minutes, then temperature activation with alterations of 500, 600, and 700 oC was held for 120 minutes in the furnace, and after it was added with chemical activation by using a 1,5 M H2SO4 solution for 24 hours of immersion. The analysis seen is to test the water content, volatile matter content, ash content, bound carbon content, and to see the surface morphology of activated carbon using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). The results of the test obtained values for water content (6,83 – 12,73%), volatile matter content (16,98 – 26,89%), ash content (7,85 – 12,04%), bound carbon content(61,66 – 75,17%), with an increase in the activation temperature there is a tendency to decrease the value of water content, volatile matter content, ash content, and there is an increase in the value of bound carbon content. And visible cavities on the surface of the activated carbon along with the increase in activation temperature.

Research using the electrocoagulation method has been carried out to determine the results of the sample test results for BOD and COD parameters in palm oil mill effluent. The electrodes used n this method are aluminium electrodes with varying adapter voltages of 6, 9, and 12 Volts. Palm oil liquid waste used comes from PTPN IV Adolina Perbaungan. The results of the study showed that before the electrocoagulation method the BOD value obtained was 243 mg/l, while after the electrocoagulation method the best results were obtained at a voltage of 12 Volt with a value of 52,5 mg/l. The value obtained before the electorocoagulation method was carried out on the COD parameter was 649 mg/l and after the electrocoagulation method the best results were obtained at a voltage of 12 Volt, which was 110 mg/l. This shows that the parameter values of BOD and COD in processed waste have decreased and meet the wastewater quality standards for the palm oil industry, namelyb 100 mg/l and 350 mg/l. The higher the value of the applied voltage, the more optimal the levels of BOD and COD.

The need for an electrical energy source is currently a very necessary thing, therefore researchers conducted experiments on the use of pineapple peel (ananas comosus) extract as an electrolyte solution with a variety of electrodes. This research was conducted with the aim of generating voltage, electric current, and strength values. The measure of the holding capacity of the solution used were 50 ml, 100 ml, 150 ml, 200 ml, and 250 ml. The electrodes to be used are in the form of copper-zinc, copper-iron, and copper-aluminum pairs with each plate measurement of 4 cm × 7 cm, thickness of 0.2 mm. To determine the magnitude of the value of the voltage and current, a resistance is given in the form of an LED lamp. Based on the results of the research the pH measurement of the solution was 3.9. The test results obtained by the pair of Cu:Zn plates are the best compared to other pairs of plates, namely by producing a voltage of 1.59 Volts, a current of 0.28 mA, and an strength values of 0.44 mW with a volume of 250 ml. This is due to the influence of the volume of the solution and the electrodes used, that the more plates submerged in the solution, the greater the energy produced.

Research has been carried out to find out how the quality of dug well water before and after being filtered using activated carbon, zeolite, and silica sand, and to find out how the composition of the mixing of activated carbon, zeolite, and sand is to produce clean water with the most optimum quality for color parameters. based on PERMENKES RI No. 32 of 2017. This study uses dug well water from Sungai Segajah Jaya Village, Kubu District, Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau Province. The composition of activated carbon, zeolite, and silica sand used is 60%:20%:20%, 50%:25%:25%, and 40%:30%:30%. The test results of dug well water samples before applying the filtering method for color. The test results of dug well water samples after applying the filtering method with activated carbon, zeolite, and sand with a composition of 60%:20%:20%, 50%:25%:25%, and 40%:30%:30 %, for the color parameter has met the standard of clean water quality based on PERMENKES RI No. 32 of 2017. From the three variations in the composition of the filter material, the optimum composition of mixing activated carbon, zeolite, and silica sand in the filter was obtained with a composition of 40%:30%:30%. This is shown from the test results data, the results of sample D for color parameters are better according to the maximum limit standard allowed by PERMENKES RI No. 32 of 2017 concerning the requirements for clean water quality, namely 32 TCU.

Research has been carried out which aims to determine the test results of palm oil effluent samples on BOD and COD parameters before and after the electrocoagulation process using Al,Zn, and Fe electrodes. This research uses palm oil effluent from PTPN IV ADOLINA. The results of the BOD test before electrocoagulation were 243 img/l. The results of the BOD test after electrocoagulation with the Al electrode were 100 mg/l, the Zn electrode was i66.8 img/l, and the Fe electrode was 121 mg/l. The test results for COD levels before electrocoagulation were 649 mg/l.The test results for COD levels iafter electrocoagulation with Al electrodes were 350 mg/l, Zn electrodes were 178 mg/l, and Fe electrodes were 315 mg/l. From these electrode variations, ithe best results were obtained for testing the levels of BOD and COD of palm oil liquid waste on the Zn electrode. Key words: Electrode, Electrocoagulation, BOD, COD