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Introduction: Social Prescribing has an established recognition regarding the benefits provided to the health-related social needs of adults, but little is known about how the intervention addresses young people's needs. There is optimism regarding the central role of two core mechanisms that allows social prescribing to be effective, such as the empathetic role of Link Workers and the connection with community resources. This paper aims to describe the role played by Link Workers working a Social Prescribing intervention targeting young people. Description: This paper adopts a case study methodology to describe the role of Link Workers addressing young people's needs and implementing Social Prescribing scheme in Sheffield (UK). Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with four of the seven link workers of one organisation based in Sheffield. Data were analysed through an inductive approach for emerging themes. Discussion: We provided a description of the profiles and background of Link Workers and described the three models of referral pathways into the intervention. The paper also shows how Link Workers identify young people's needs and how they connect with the community. Conclusion: Based on the insights and the internationally accepted definition of Social Prescribing, we provide a visual representation of the Social Prescribing model and discuss challenges. The paper highlights lessons learned and future directions regarding the role of Link Workers from the case study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: There are many challenges we must adapt to in healthcare - health inequalities, environmental concern, ageing populations and multimorbidity to name a few. The English health system has responded by restructuring into Integrated Care Systems1. These are collaborative, place-based partnerships tackling health inequalities and improving care coordination. Additional skills are likely needed for professionals to thrive in and potentiate the promise of ICSs for patients. One key component identified in the Future Doctor Report2, was cultivating generalism. This led to the inception of the Enhance programme for generalism3 - a developing multiprofessional educational offer in England. Aim and Method: Any change is best supported by academically rigorous evidence. Some published evidence was anticipated, as the generalism concept has existed for centuries and some professionals practice in this way today. Three literature searches were commissioned from the Health Education England library service around the evidence for generalism. This presentation will focus on "what are the benefits of generalism to patients, the healthcare system and healthcare professionals". A second search was performed by a HEE fellow. All included papers were critically analysed. Results: 32 papers were identified by the library service. No further papers were included from the second search due to their age (approx. 30 years). All were written in English, 19 from the UK and 13 from across Europe, Asia and Africa, published between 2017-2020. Papers were methodologically diverse, predominantly qualitative, reviews, opinion pieces or project evaluations. Common themes included doctor preparedness, CPD and skills learning. Two papers each, respectively, explored professional and patient satisfaction. A subset of 8 papers felt to be of most relevance to the question were then analysed. Article types were similar to the above, originating from the UK, Thailand or Norway. Four common themes were identified: QI; CPD; preparedness and professional satisfaction. Only one examined patient satisfaction. Interestingly, this paper's findings aligned closely with the principles and aims of the Enhance programme and ICSs - person-centred, well-coordinated care, understanding realworld causes of ill health4. Conclusion: Although there are some proponent opinion pieces and indirect evidence, no papers have been identified that examine this question directly. There is a distinct lack of robust academic exploration of the actual (as opposed to posited potential) benefits to patients, professionals other than doctors and system-wide impacts from generalism. Implications: This work highlights several new and exciting areas for future research - likely to be interdisciplinary. How best to research applying a generalist approach for its benefits to stakeholders in terms of the Institute of Medicine's 6 domains of quality may be a future key question to consider. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In early 2020 a wide range of social and economic restrictions were implemented in most countries in response to the global coronavirus pandemic (Covid-19). This paper uses national electricity generation data to examine the extent to which overall British electricity consumption deviated from 'normal' consumption patterns during the UK's spring lockdown period, and how the combination of consumption reduction and variation in carbon intensity affected greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) associated with electricity consumption. The paper shows that ongoing trends in the reduction of electricity demand and generation carbon intensity mean that lower year-on-year demand and lower emissions would have been expected even in the absence of Covid-19. Controlling for this, the paper estimates lockdowndriven below-trend electricity reductions of up to 20% in the morning peak period, 11% in the daytime and 9% in the evening peak period in April, declining to 6%, 4% and 4%, respectively, by June. These correspond to marked reductions in morning (06:00-08:00 hours) and daytime demand during all restriction periods studied, but relatively smaller reductions in evening demand, and some evidence of a relative increase on Friday and Saturday evenings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses a live project collaboration between the Birmingham School of Architecture & Design and CoLab Dudley, a social innovation lab based on Dudley High Street. The project developed students' sustainability competencies while contributing to social, environmental, and economic progression and regeneration of local communities, and explored regenerative futures for Dudley High Street 2030 through engaging students, academics, collaborators, and a wider network of local people in a two-way collaborative learning process. Using Tilbury and Mulà's five principles of Education for Sustainable Development as a model, the collaboration was analysed to tease out how the work might impact the education of future practitioners. The research identifies a positive impact of real-life collaboration for students, academics, and collaborators in nurturing the conditions for radicality and reveals the conditions necessary for successful partnerships to develop. In going beyond technological solutions, the research reveals the potential of engaging students with real-world communities, participation, and future thinking to create radical practitioners ready to rise to the sustainability challenge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Research Assessment Exercise (RAE), based on peer review, has enabled the UK to improve its comparative international research performance. But the RAE is changing after 2008 to a system based on metrics, within which a bibliometric quality indicator will be a critical component. Bibliometrics, using publication and citation counts, have many advantages and have been extensively developed over the last 20 years. But they also have serious challenges, some real and some apparent, and researchers will need expert advice to develop and work with an effective and supportive metrics system. This paper discusses the background to the change in metrics, identifies a range of possible problems that need to be tackled, and confirms the critical role of those with prior expertise in guiding the establishment and then the development of a sensible system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the article is to examine the legal position presented by the UK after the 2018 airstrikes in Syria, both from the perspective of the legality of humanitarian intervention as well as the criteria employed with regard to a humanitarian intervention in the doctrine of international law. The thesis underlying this paper is that humanitarian intervention is illegal under contemporary international law, since neither the UN Charter nor customary norms allow for a humanitarian intervention, and the UK's legal position and the reaction thereto do not change this state of the law. The paper is divided into two parts. The first part examines the UK's 2018 legal position in the light of international law, while the second part analyses the humanitarian intervention as invoked by the UK from the standpoint of two criteria of humanitarian intervention presented in the legal doctrine, that is, the reason behind the intervention and its goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper briefly outlines the experience of a large research-intensive university working towards wider adoption of open access. OA has featured in the University's research strategy for several years, but there was a step change in the level of activity following the Finch Report and subsequent policy announcements from RCUK and HEFCE. For individual researchers, OA presents a number of practical challenges that universities must work to overcome. Existing processes and systems have been adapted to improve support for OA, and there has been renewed interest in gold and green initiatives from academics, support staff and senior University executives. Ambitions and priorities are outlined for the coming months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through a combination of research and reportage, this paper examines the immediate impact the 23 June 2016 pro-Brexit vote in the UK has had on scholarly research, its funding, the reputations of British universities and the scholarly publishing business. It documents industry speculation about what Brexit's long-term impact on the academic community could be. And through interviews with executives at a variety of six small, medium and large publishers of UK scholarly journals, the paper explores publishers' business plans in the wake of the UK's decision to separate from the European Union (EU). While academia nearly uniformly sees Brexit as disastrous for the funding of research in the UK and the ability of British researchers to collaborate with their EU colleagues, publishers see business opportunities in the pound's sharp decline in response to the pro- Brexit vote and on the whole believe that Brexit will have little negative long-term impact on their publishing business. Some are, however, concerned about the quantity and quality of the articles that will be available for publication as well as their potentially diminished impact. There is also uncertainty as to the legal and regulatory ramifications of Brexit on scholarly publishing and the new global competition it may engender. The paper examines how publishers can protect their businesses, increase the value of their content and differentiate their brand in the wake of Brexit's financial, political, regulatory and academic uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the UK, the sustainability agenda for housebuilding is now over ten years old, dating from the 2006 launch of the Code for Sustainable Homes as the benchmark for the reduction of carbon emissions in all new housing. The government's 2015 decision however, to dismantle the Code for Sustainable Homes and remove the 2016 Zero Carbon targets, has meant that with little warning, the sustainability industry has had to start fending for itself. Without the incentive of tariffs to focus the minds of the developers, the sustainability industry is now looking vulnerable, and the realities of having to be financially viable are coming home to roost. But our statutory requirement to reach an 80% carbon reduction by 2050 has not changed, and neither have the reasons for achieving it. During that time, the sustainability agenda was a key driver for innovation within the housebuilding industry. However, rather than focusing on the many benefits that innovation can bring, in this paper the authors look at the barriers to adoption of innovation and asks whether these barriers have been fully understood by those who are accusing the housing industry of complacency for its failure to reinvent itself. The main method used for investigating what these barriers might be was a series of industry interviews, carried out across all the sectors defined as being part of that decision-making process, in order to better understand how their motivations might differ, and if so whether this disconnect could be preventing the progress that all individually profess to want but none appear able to deliver. The findings suggest that a more informed approach to promoting or considering any innovative product within the housebuilding industry could avoid many of the barriers currently being confronted head on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article offers an overview of the United Kingdom Serials Group seminar, which was held at the Royal College of Nursing in London, England on November 13, 2003. Bob Campbell, president of Blackwell Publishing, started the day with a paper entitled Libraries: Do They Have a Future in Academia--or Only a Past? He described a world without librarians where electronic media had largely replaced print as the dominant format and other agencies, such as consortia purchasers and national electronic archives, were providing users with the bulk of their information needs. Diana Leitch, assistant director and deputy librarian of the University of Manchester, provided a practical illustration of the old adage that necessity is the mother of invention. A major refurbishment of the Library's Special Collections accommodation required that the Special Collections stock be accommodated elsewhere. As the Library had already made significant investments in electronic-only provision of journals, it became apparent that the space target could be achieved by converting current subscriptions to electronic-only and purchasing electronic back-runs of core collections. Key to the success of the project has been the communication with all stake holders, including academic staff and bindery staff.

This paper argues for a place for linguistics within the UK Modern Languages curriculum as part of a more pluralistic approach to languages study. Based on an intervention involving over 300 A-level students of French, German and Spanish, we demonstrate: 1) that it is feasible and appropriate to include linguistics topics on the A-level Modern Foreign Languages (MFL) curriculum; 2) that many of these topics are inherently interesting for A-level language students; and 3) that pupils report increased confidence in their language skills after having been exposed to a short linguistics course (four hours). In light of our further finding that there is already considerable untapped scope for linguistics within the current formal framework of the A-level MFL qualification, we recommend that linguistics topics should be included in MFL A-levels as a matter of priority. This is the case not least because linguistics has the potential to attract new pupils to the study of MFL, while also providing a crucial bridge between language skills and cultural content, which are so often kept apart in existing MFL curricula. Lastly, we argue that the introduction of linguistics into languages teaching raises awareness of the harmfulness of deeply entrenched prescriptive and standard-language-ideological beliefs in schools, and this will lead to a more inclusive discipline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summertime overheating in dwellings in temperate climates is widespread. Overheating in bedrooms disrupts sleep, degrading health and wellbeing, and can be life-threatening. Air-conditioning homes is a solution, but is expensive and adds load onto electricity networks. An alternative is to provide safe havens, a cool retreat for sleeping when the main bedroom overheats. This paper estimates the number of English dwellings that might already have such spaces. The 2017 Energy Follow Up Survey (EFUS) to the English Housing Survey (EHS) provides temperatures measured in the main bedroom, up to two other bedrooms and the living room of 750 homes. These data were collected in 2018, a summer typical of those expected in the 2050s. The main bedroom overheated in 19% of the housing stock as judged by an adaptive comfort criterion. Up to 76% of these homes had living rooms that could provide a safe haven, and in up to 46% an alternative bedroom might provide a safe haven. Very few, if any, flats and small-area dwellings had a safe haven. These figures provide an upper-bound estimate; in practice the useable number of safe havens is likely to be less. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To contain the spread of Covid-19, governments across the world imposed partial or complete lockdowns. National energy demand decreased in periods of lockdowns; however, as people spent more time at home, residential energy use likely increased. This paper reports the results of a UK survey study (N = 1016 participants) about their energy-use practices during the first lockdown in March 2020. The results indicated that self-reported heating behaviours did not substantially change during lockdown. Regarding appliance use, in particular the duration of usage for televisions and computing equipment has increased and has spread more over the day. Being less able to manage financially was correlated with a greater usage of the smart meter in-home display and a greater attempt to save energy was positively correlated with greater usage of the in-home display, though correlations were small. In summary, the results indicate that home energy-use behaviours, in particular around heating, did not change as much as might have been expected, which might at least partly be explained by the comparatively warm weather during the first lockdown. Corroborating the survey findings with actual energy data is the next essential step to understand findings in more detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article looks at the possible implications of Brexit for approaches to open access (OA) in the UK. It begins by sketching current issues in Brexit debates at the end of 2016 as the context into which discussions about open access are then placed. Issues in four thematic areas are analysed: OA policies and mandates, EU copyright reform, new OA publishing models and open science. The level of dependence in the UK on European developments is assessed in each case and its contribution to Brexit issues identified. The paper concludes that Brexit presents not only challenges, but also opportunities which the UK could seize. In open access, the UK is already playing a leadership role. In areas of open science, particularly in relation to the European Open Science Cloud, it is the European Commission which is asserting leadership. The UK needs to consolidate its current activity and ensure that, whatever the nature of Brexit arrangements, its freedom does not lead to isolation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

June 2012 saw publication of the Finch report into expanding access to published research findings, the UK Government's response to the report and the issuing of a revised policy on open access publication of research papers by the UK Research Councils. All appear to be driving the UK towards the world's most rigorous adoption of open access publication of publicly funded research outputs. This article looks at the potentially profound consequences of these steps for publishers, librarians and researchers in the UK, and for scholarly communications in general, not least for the centuries-old model of peer review. It concludes that the success of the policy will depend to a considerable extent on the availability of funding and mechanisms to support it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This perspective paper makes a brief conceptual review of continuity and argues that relationship continuity is the most controversial type. Plentiful evidence of association with better satisfaction and outcomes urgently needs to be supplemented by studies of causation. The scope of these has been outlined in this paper. Evidence strongly suggests that patients generally want more relationship continuity than they are getting and that relationship continuity is linked with better patient and staff satisfaction. This is reason enough to justify improving relationship continuity for patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Continuity of care is concerned with quality of care over a period of time. It describes a process by which service users and their families are co-operatively involved with health and social care professionals in managing their care needs. Continuity of care can be divided into informational, managerial and relational and has been associated with improved user- and service-related outcomes. To date, there have been few studies which examine how continuity of care is developed and maintained in integrated primary care systems. This paper explores continuity of care in an integrated Over 75 Service for people living at home with complex health and social care needs. Using a case study approach, qualitative data was collected from multiple sources including interviews with managers and professionals, users and carers, care plans, steering group minutes and field notes. Data was analysed thematically. A number of factors are identified which characterise continuity of care, namely: information sharing through direct communication between providers and the development of trusted relationships within the team; identified care co-ordinators who acted as a conduit for information and communication; the development of ongoing relationships with users and carers requiring dedicated time and accessible and flexible services delivered in the users' own home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and introduction: Although most developed countries are currently pursuing greater integration of health and social care, the current evidence base is limited by a number of key weaknesses in the existing literature. Chief amongst these is the tendency to focus on issues of process ('how well are we working together'?) not on outcomes (does it make any difference to people who use services?). As a result, there is a danger that integration can become an end in itself, rather than a means to an end (of better services and better outcomes). Understanding context, process and outcomes: To guard against this danger, this policy paper sets out a number of theoretical and conceptual frameworks to help policy makers, managers and practitioners remain focused on the outcomes that their joint work is meant to achieve. This includes different approaches to being clear about what integration is trying to deliver (outcomes), understanding where we are now (context) and how we get from where we are now to where we want to be (process). Conclusion: Rather than assume that integration is automatically a 'good thing', the frameworks presented in this paper suggest a more critical approach in which policy makers, managers and practitioners focus in more detail on what they are trying to achieve for the people they serve, viewing integration as a means to an end and never an end in itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers the various opportunities that might be available to promote the e-resources held within an institution. In the current decade an ever increasing percentage of tightly stretched library budgets is spent on e-resources (databases, back-file packages, current e-journals, textbooks, image databanks and reference works). As these are part of a virtual library they are not always noticed or fully exploited by their target audience. This paper looks at some possibilities to publicize e-resources, making these important collections more visible, and considers how these resources, in particular electronic journals, can be made accessible, useful, relevant and obvious to the library customer. Topics discussed include information literacy sessions, library branding, 'spreading the word', ensuring value for money and 'making it fun'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Research Assessment Exercise (RAE) has had a huge impact on universities in the UK. Academic staff research output appears to be the key driver in personal and institutional status and survival because significant, and increasingly selective, funding flows from the results of the RAE. This affects funding for the following five to six years and departments and individuals can rise or fall as a result of a good or bad rating. Inevitably this has had a major impact on both the drive to publish and on the quality of publications. This paper will focus on the impact on serial publications, taken from the personal viewpoint of the Chair of the 2001 RAE Panel 61: Library and Information Management. It will look in some detail at how quality has been challenged by the pressure on academics to publish and how this appears to have affected the quality of journal publication. The presenter will explore, in discussion, the implications for serial publication in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The open access (OA) agenda has gained traction in the UK, and the academic community is embracing it. Despite this, compliance rates of OA deposition into journals and repositories are below the levels expected and hoped for. This is despite the growth of OA and hybrid journals and the OA mandates from funders. In this article I will attempt to address this from the perspective of an academic researcher, to shed some light on the OA compliance gap. What are the pressures on academics and what is limiting the successful transition to full compliance? What are the pinch points in the process from an academic viewpoint? What are academics looking for from publishers and repositories to help them in their research? I will also attempt to outline four key areas in this publication and reporting process that we, as an academic publishing community, should aim to improve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the tensions inherent in the ownership and reuse of scholarly works, with a focus on achieving open access (OA) aims via Creative Commons licences. This US initiative has had an enormous impact on the access to, dissemination and reuse of UK-authored scholarly literature since the Finch report of 2012. However, confusion abounds within the funding, publishing and academic communities about the correct uses and long-term implications of using such licences. This has legal consequences, as well as consequences for the author, readers and institutions who have to report compliance regarding OA in order to secure future research funding. Ownership is an important part of this picture. Creative Commons licences are legally binding on licensor and licensee, and only the copyright owner may release their work under such a licence. The complex research funding and sharing ecosystem has resulted in a 'policy stack' challenge1 with authors given little choice about their options. This paper examines some of these challenges through an exploration of current UKRI policy and the copyright licences of one publisher, with a focus on text and data mining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Collaboration was legislated in the delivery of integrated care in the early 2000s in the UK. This research explored how the reality of practice met the rhetoric of collaboration. Theory: The paper is situated against a theoretical framework of structure, agency, identity and empowerment. Collectively and contextually these concepts inform the proposed model of 'collaborative agency' to sustain integrated care. The paper brings sociological theory on structure and agency to the dilemma of collaboration. Methods: Participative action research was carried out in collaborative teams that aspired to achieve integrated care for children, young people and families between 2009 and 2013. It was a part time, PhD study in collaborative practice. Results: The research established that people needed to be able to be jointly aware of their context, to make joint decisions, and jointly act in order to deliver integrated services, and proposes a model of collaborative agency derived from practitioner's experiences and integrated action research and literature on agency. The model reflects the effects of a range of structures in shaping professional identity, empowerment, and agency in a dynamic. The author proposes that the collaborative agency model will support integrated care, although this is, as yet, an untested hypothesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper initially explores the impact of the military on the development of British archaeology generally. It then focuses on the career of General Pitt Rivers, whose army background - especially his work in ordnance and when serving as legal prosecutor - fundamentally informed his archaeology, providing the basis for his concept of proof and the adjudication of evidence. Pitt Rivers was an active member of, and contributed to, the collections of the 'lost' museum of the Royal United Services Institute. His particular interest was in the study of Primitive Warfare, and he demonstrated its evolution through his 'typological' collections of weapons. Finally, given the breadth of military experience and the diverse participation of its members within the discipline, critique is made of Wheeler's singular formulation of an 'army-influenced archaeology'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The numbers of people with dementia are set to increase, however, people with dementia do not live in isolation and any intervention is required to support their family carers also Newbronner et al. 2013. Dementia UK offers specialist one-to-one support and expert advice in the form of Admiral Nursing AN, first piloted in 1991 and are the only group of qualified nurses in the UK who focus on working with families affected by dementia. Once a diagnosis of dementia has been made, interventions structured around a family-centred approach provide a framework to help unite families, whilst still recognising individual values. This type of collective approach can help reduce conflict and improve relationships within the family. AN has evolved from delivering an intervention specifically aimed at supporting family carers to one that supports the whole family through a case management approach Harrison Dening et al. 2017. Case management has a long and successful history in supporting people with long term conditions and people with a diagnosis of severe mental illness Challis et al. 2010. Case management is a relatively new concept in dementia with early UK research being inconclusive Iliffe et al. 2014, however, it is proving to be a successful model in Holland Van Mierlo et al. 2014: MacNeil Vroomen et al. 2016. The evidence base for AN, as with the majority of specialist nursing roles, is scant. So it became a priority of Dementia UK to develop the evidence base for AN whilst also supporting the nurses to develop the skills, tools, time and impetus to collect data about their service activity and outcomes which could build the evidence base for the model. Commissioners and employers need data that is relevant to their expected outcomes and, as the AN community grows, it is increasingly important to collect data consistently in order to identify and promote effective AN models. Whilst current evaluation methodology may focus on undergraduate and postgraduate nursing course curriculum; a wider appreciation of the importance of evaluation in practice is required Moule et al, 2016. This paper will present results of a service evaluation project; Getting Evidence into Admiral Nursing Services GEANS, a mixed methods approach to demonstrate the evidence for the AN case management approach in supporting families affected by dementia. GEANS is a national programme, funded by Dementia UK aimed to support a cohort of AN teams to evaluate their services and to demonstrate the outcomes and impact on families affected by dementia. GEANS is a co-produced evaluation framework and defines outcomes for Admiral Nursing with families and in supporting best practice in other professionals. Outcomes reflect the domains of the NHS Outcomes Framework for England and the Adult Social Care Outcomes Framework. Three themes focus data collection; 1. Improved quality of life for carers and people with dementia. 2. Positive experience for families of AN Services 3. Cost efficiencies in health and social care costs. The paper will be supported through presentation of a local service case study from the Midlands, United Kingdom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The 2004 Children Act in the UK saw the introduction of integrated working in children's services. A raft of change followed with processes designed to make joint working easier, and models and theories to support the development of integrated work. This paper explores the links between key concepts and practice. Methods: A practitioner action research approach is taken using an autoethnographic account kept over six months. The research question was, to what extent is this group collaborating? Results: When the architecture of practice was revealed, differences between espoused and real practice could be seen. Whilst understanding and displaying the outward signs of an effective multi professional group, the individuals did not trust one another. This was exhibited by covert interprofessional issues. As a result, collaborative inertia was achieved. This realisation prompted them to participate in further developmental and participative action research. Conclusion: The paper concludes that trust and relational agency are central to effective leadership of multi professional teams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Business models surrounding scholarly communications have been much debated over the past two decades. However, interest in the discussion has been sharpened in the UK by the funding issues facing the higher education sector, the reality of budget cuts and the need to focus on affordability. There is a growing realization that notions of 'moderate' price increases associated with 'big deals' over the past ten years will need to be radically reassessed. This paper discusses the financial realities facing UK libraries and the attempt by Research Libraries UK (RLUK) to look for solutions that maintain access to the maximum amount of material possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Long-term neurological conditions are a major cause of disability in the UK and internationally. Their successful management, in order to enhance health and well-being, requires both sophisticated organisation across a number of health, social care and other service boundaries, and the real involvement of people with neurological conditions and members of their support networks. Policy development: This paper reports on part of the preliminary scoping phase of a study designed to evaluate the impact of the National Service Framework for long-term neurological conditions on integrated care. It describes current policies in England and reports on discussions with a range of people involved in the planning, provision or use of services, which took place during the scoping exercise. These interviews inform how policy affecting people with long-term neurological conditions has been received and implemented so far. Conclusion and discussion: Findings suggest that progress towards integrated service provision is patchy and slow. In the competing priorities within government policy, neurological conditions have tended to be marginalised, within healthcare policy generally and in initiatives to support people with long-term conditions in particular. The reasons for this are explored and will inform the next stages of the research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technological changes are providing opportunities for easier access to publicly-funded research. While these opportunities for easier access have been growing, concerns have been expressed that current business models are preventing their realization. Even well-funded university libraries are unable to purchase all the books and journals required by researchers and learners. A survey conducted by JISC, CURL and SCONUL looked at six situations of access in one UK university to the research papers and books written by researchers in another comparable UK university. The survey indicates that UK researchers and learners may not have access to around one-third of publications by researchers in other UK universities. The shortfall in access varies from university to university and relates to all types of content but particularly to books and journals from smaller publishers. Targeted additional funding and support for new access models are suggested to improve access for UK researchers to UK research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of health care policy on the development of integrated mental health services in England. Data sources: Drawing largely from a narrative review of the literature on adult mental health services published between January 1997 and February 2003 undertaken by the authors, we discuss three case studies of integrated care within primary care, secondary care and across the primary/secondary interface for people with serious mental illness. Conclusion: We suggest that while the central thrust of a raft of recent Government policies in England has been towards integration of different parts of the health care system, policy waterfalls and implementation failures, the adoption of ideas before they have been thoroughly tried and tested, a lack of clarity over roles and responsibilities and poor communication have led to an integration rhetoric/reality gap in practice. This has particular implications for people with serious mental health problems. Discussion: We conclude with suggestions for strategies that may facilitate more integrated working. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For students with print impairments, e-books offer great potential to remove barriers to information. However, for various reasons, not all e-books are fully accessible. Significant variability exists between different platforms and titles. To benchmark e-book accessibility, a group of library and disability professionals across the UK higher education sector organized a crowdsourced e-book accessibility audit, using simple criteria to capture end-user experiences. The audit can act as a framework for librarians and e-book providers to discuss accessibility and effect improvements. This audit was of 275 e-books from 65 publishers across 44 platforms, resulting in an interactive spreadsheet on the project website and individual feedback reports for each platform. Most of the volunteer auditors had little accessibility expertise so a byproduct of the process was training to introduce key accessibility concepts and support for those using the audit tool. This paper explores the process, including key findings from a follow-up questionnaire for testers. The results indicate increased awareness of e-book accessibility and empathy for disabled learners and an appetite for further training, in particular using e-books with screen reading and text-to-speech software. The study suggests crowdsourced research can be highly effective on multiple levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growth of open access (OA) via the payment of article processing charges (APCs) in hybrid journals has been a key feature of the approach to OA in the UK. In response, Jisc Collections has been piloting 'offsetting agreements' that explicitly link subscription and APCs, seeking to reduce one as the other grows. However, offsetting agreements have become increasingly contentious with institutions, advocates and publishers. With reference to issues such as cost, administrative efficiency, transparency and the transition to open access, this paper provides an update on the status of UK negotiations, reflects on the challenges and opportunities presented by such agreements, and considers the implications for the path of future negotiations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the ambitious policy target to become net zero carbon by 2050, what role can local authorities play in the decarbonisation of housing? An examination is presented of six local authority energy service models relevant to housing retrofit in Britain. Local authorities have an important role, with local knowledge about housing stock and economic opportunities; they also have relevant planning and governance responsibilities. However, relatively little is known about either the different energy service models adopted for retrofit or their relative effectiveness. Models identified from empirical case study research constitute experimental innovations resulting from constrained finances and competition requirements in public services. They provided (1) energy-efficiency upgrades to public, residential and commercial buildings and/or (2) district heating infrastructure to secure 'upstream' resource efficiencies. Findings show that local initiatives provided different retrofit mixes, with differing potential for effective change. The limitations of current models are considered, along with the policy and market changes needed to empower local authorities to contribute systematically to net zero carbon buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional buildings constitute a large proportion of the building stock in many countries worldwide; around 40% of the UK's housing stock was built before 1940 and was primarily made with solid masonry walls. Only 11% of UK solid-walled dwellings had insulation installed, suggesting the high potential of the low-carbon retrofit of traditional buildings. However, there is evidence of the occurrence of unintended consequences, often associated with excess moisture. A method is presented for moisture risk management that includes the development of a process and a framework. These tools are then integrated into a novel framework for the combined energy and moisture performance retrofit of traditional buildings. An example of the framework's practical application is provided, with a focus on retrofit measures for solid-wall insulation. The proposed systematic approach demonstrates the interconnected nature of energy and moisture. It harmonises the principles needed to support organisations in the delivery of robust retrofit of traditional buildings through the integration of pre-retrofit building assessment and post-retrofit monitoring in the process. The risk-management process and framework presented can be valuable tools to support designers in providing robust and scalable retrofit measures and strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Joint working has been mandated, or made compulsory, in a number of contexts in mental health services in England, some over many years. This presentation examines three such contexts: delayed transfers of care, (Section 117) aftercare and the use of police powers (section 136). Each context each has specific, and apparently simple, intended outcomes - for the first two, a timely and effective move from in-patient care to the most appropriate setting and for the third, a timely needs assessment - but have been the source of continual inter-organisational tension and governmental concern. The paper will draw from the first stage of an evaluation of the joint working arrangements which seek to address these contexts; this first stage is an analysis of the circumstances in which such arrangements are placed based on documentary analysis and interviews with key players in two case study sites. The paper suggests that the complexities inherent in joint working derive not only from the needs of individual people who need services, local organisational arrangements or resource availability but also the theories which underpin these specific contexts and the variety of joint working models needed to address them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Annual archaeological exhibitions were a visible symbol of archaeological research. Held mainly in London during the Season, the displays encapsulated a network of archaeologists, artists, architects and curators, and showcased the work of the first generations of trained archaeologists. The exhibition catalogues and published reviews of the displays provide a unique method for exploring the reception and sponsorship of archaeological work overseas and its promotion to a fascinated, well connected and moneyed public. The exhibitions were a space in which conversation and networking were as important as educational enrichment. This paper analyses the social history of the "annual exhibition" in archaeology, highlighting the development and maintenance of the networks behind archaeological research, the geography of London as a way to examine influence in archaeology, and the utility of exhibitions for archaeological publicity during this period of exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: With increasing attention to models of transitional support delivered through multisectoral approaches, third-sector organizations (TSOs) have supported community reintegration and independent living post-hospitalization. This study aimed to identify the core elements of these types of programs, the facilitators, and barriers to service implementation and to understand the perspectives of providers and recipients of their experiences with the programs. Methods and Analysis: A collective case study collected data from two UK-based 'Home from Hospital' programs. An inductive thematic analysis generated rich descriptions of each program, and analytical activities generated insights across the cases. Results: Programs provided a range of personalized support for older adults and addressed many post-discharge needs, including well-being assessments, support for instrumental activities of daily living, psychosocial support, and other individualized services directed by the needs and preferences of the service user. Results suggest that these programs can act as a 'safety net' and promote independent living. Skilled volunteers can positively impact older adults' experience returning home. Conclusions: When the programs under study are considered in tandem with existing evidence, it facilitates a discussion of how TSO services could be made available more widely to support older adults in their transition experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the Finch Report was published in 2012, research funders, universities, publishers and learned societies in the UK have all instituted new policies and procedures to accelerate the transition to open access. This paper reports on a review of progress undertaken by the Finch Group, and points to some areas, including monitoring of costs, licensing, but above all co-ordination between the different stakeholder groups, where further action is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The mainstreaming of telehealth services is dependent largely on the engagement of clinical staff. As the largest professional group of healthcare providers, nurses have a vital role to play in ensuring the success of telehealth deployments. In the UK, the Royal College of Nursing (RCN) has endeavoured to discover more about nurses' knowledge and attitudes of telehealth through its eHealth survey. The survey has been completed on four occasions since 2004, though it is only in 2010 and 2012 that there has been any reference to telehealth. This paper describes changes in patterns and responses between the 2010 and 2012 surveys. Aims and objectives; The project aimed to: * Quantify the level of awareness and experience that nurses have regarding telehealth * Gauge the attitudes of nurses towards telehealth * Identify any changes in awareness and attitudes between 2010 and 2012 Methods: In 2010 and 2012, RCN members from across all UK countries and regions were invited to participate in the RCN eHealth survey. Both surveys were completed by respondents online. Respondents were asked about their awareness, experience and attitudes towards using eHealth in practice. The surveys sought feedback on a range of eHealth issues, such as Information Technology training and the use of Clinical Information Systems. The paper addresses only those elements of the survey focused upon telehealth. Results: 1313 nurses completed the survey in 2010, compared to 1022 in 2012. Awareness of telehealth has increased between the two surveys; 63% of respondents in 2012 had heard of telehealth, an increase from 55% in 2010. Experience of having used telehealth has not increased over time: 15% of respondents in both surveys reported previous experience of using telehealth to support their practice. Respondents were asked whether they welcomed the introduction of telehealth into nursing practice. The proportion responding positively to this question fell between 2010 and 2012 (56% vs. 43%), largely as a result of an increase in the number of people replying that they 'don't know' (45% in 2012 vs. 34% in 2010). Notably, the proportion who welcomed the introduction of telehealth in the 2012 survey was substantially higher in those who had previous experience of telehealth than in those who didn't (80% vs. 38%) Attitudes towards telehealth were also explored in both surveys and demonstrated some changes over time. Though the proportion who agreed that telehealth could enhance the care of chronic conditions remained largely unchanged (43% in 2010 vs. 41% in 2012), a smaller proportion of 2012 respondents agreed that telehealth could facilitate earlier intervention (41% in 2012 vs. 49% in 2010) or support self-management by patients (42% in 2012 vs. 48% in 2010). Conclusions: The RCN eHealth surveys of 2010 and 2012 demonstrate that awareness of telehealth amongst nurses is rising. However, there has been no increase in the proportion of nurses reporting hands-on experience of telehealth and attitudes toward the service have become less positive. More work is required to enhance the awareness, knowledge and understanding of the benefits that telehealth can bring to nursing practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Continuing purchase of AHSS resources is threatened more by library budget squeezes than that of STM resources. Librarians must justify all expenditure, but quantitative metrical analysis to assess the value to the institution of journals and specialized research databases for AHSS subjects can be inconclusive; often the number of recorded transactions is lower than for STM, as the resource may be relevant to a smaller number of users. This paper draws on a literature review and extensive primary research, including a survey of 570 librarians and academics across the Anglophone countries, findings from focus group meetings and the analysis of user behaviour at a UK university before and after the installation of the Summon discovery system. It concludes that providing a new approach to metrics can help to develop resources strategies that meet changing user needs; and that usage statistics can be complemented with supplementary ROI measures to make them more meaningful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collective sponsorship was crucial for the evolution of archaeological research in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in Britain. This paper will briefly introduce the use of collective sponsorship in British archaeology during this period and chart the changes evident as more substantial 'block' funding became available with the creation of new institutions. It will explore the gradual shift away from 'private' to 'public' forms of funding, and highlight an emerging dominance of industry and professionalism over the seemingly aristocratic, amateur tradition. However it posits that even with increasing consolidation, the strength of personal networks provided both foundation and maintenance for the new age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Working Group on Expanding Access to Published Research Findings reported to the UK's Minister of Universities and Science in mid-2012. This was followed by a new policy for open access (OA) publishing by Research Councils UK (RCUK) as well as a commitment from the Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE) to require that research submitted to future research evaluation exercises - after the 2014 Research Excellence Framework (REF) - be open access. These initiatives build on a broad consensus, that includes for-profit publishers, that open access is the way of the future. Here, I give a perspective on these issues, both as the head of an institution with particular interests in the future of scholarly publication and also as a member of the Working Group on Expanding Access. The continuing development of informed debate will be critical for the future of the scholarly publishing system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the 2009-10 academic year, eight textbook publishers, three aggregators and ten UK higher education institutions came together in a series of trials to help inform future pricing models for library-delivered e-textbooks to students. Funded by JISC Collections and co-ordinated by Content Complete Ltd, the trials were designed to help identify the drivers and resistors to making core and adopted e-textbooks available to higher education libraries. For publishers, access to their content via libraries is a risk given that the dominant business model is one of student purchase. For libraries, finding funds to purchase this content has always been difficult, given the protection afforded the serials budget. What sort of compromises might be possible to meet the needs of both parties? This paper reports on the trials themselves and the key issues that emerged for the principal stakeholders [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In response to concerns that the needs of the aging population for well-integrated care were increasing, the English National Health Service (NHS) appointed 16 Integrated Care Pilots following a national competition. The pilots have a range of aims including development of new organisational structures to support integration, changes in staff roles, reducing unscheduled emergency hospital admissions, reduced length of hospital stay, increasing patient satisfaction, and reducing cost. This paper describes the evaluation of the initiative which has been commissioned. Study design and data collection methods: A mixed methods approach has been adopted including interviews with staff and patients, non-participant observation of meetings, structured written feedback from sites, questionnaires to patients and staff, and analysis of routinely collected hospital utilisation data for patients/service users. The qualitative analysis aims to identify the approaches taken to integration by the sites, the benefits which result, the context in which benefits have resulted, and the mechanisms by which they occur. Methods of analysis: The quantitative analysis adopts a 'difference in differences' approach comparing health care utilisation before and after the intervention with risk-matched controls. The qualitative data analysis adopts a 'theory of change' approach in which we triangulate data from the quantitative analysis with qualitative data in order to describe causal effects (what happens when an independent variable changes) and causal mechanisms (what connects causes to their effects). An economic analysis will identify what incremental resources are required to make integration succeed and how they can be combined efficiently to produce better outcomes for patients. Conclusion: This evaluation will produce a portfolio of evidence aimed at strengthening the evidence base for integrated care, and in particular identifying the context in which interventions are likely to be effective. These data will support a series of evaluation judgements aimed at reducing uncertainties about the role of integrated care in improving the efficient and effective delivery of healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With Western economies in crisis and sterling radically devalued against the dollar and euro, perhaps it is time for a radical review of the 'big deal' model for academic journal purchasing. An exploratory online survey directed at academic librarians in the UK HE community sought to establish whether this dominant purchasing model is still highly valued by librarians, or whether there were aspects which they now found less attractive, particularly when money is tighter. Preliminary findings were reported at the UKSG Annual Conference in March and are expanded upon in this paper. Further work will be undertaken to survey librarians in Europe and North America to see whether any of the comments and concerns raised in the UK have a resonance in the wider HE world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper gives some background on e-books and UK library purchasing consortia, before discussing in detail an innovative tender for e-books undertaken for higher education in the UK. The main aims of the tender were to provide members with agreements that were innovative in terms of business models giving value for money; were flexible, offering those with differing requirements appropriate options; exploited the electronic medium in terms of granularity and multi-user access; focused on users' needs rather than libraries' requirements; and encouraged the addition of library-defined content. The success of the tender demonstrated that libraries are not prepared to accept the restrictive and expensive business models, often based on hard-copy practice, which some aggregators seem to be forcing on us. In terms of content, it also showed libraries taking the lead in influencing what aggregators are making available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Research Information Network (RIN) is a new organization that aims to serve the research community in the UK by leading and coordinating the provision of enhanced research information services. This paper sets out how the RIN came into being, how it is organized and funded, and the mission and role that have been given to it by its sponsors: the UK higher education funding councils, the research councils, the British Library, and the national libraries of Scotland and Wales. The essential task for the RIN is to work with the key stakeholders in the research and information communities to meet the challenges of building a more effective, sustainable, and continuingly developing information infrastructure that meets the needs of researchers. The paper outlines the RIN's key strategic aims, and how it intends to meet the challenges that have been set for it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Select Committee report is the first time that the issue of scientific publication has been considered in this way in the United Kingdom. Although both the Competition Commission and the Office of Fair Trading have considered the issues of scientific journal publishing, the inquiry brought the issues into a more public forum. This paper reviews the report in terms of how it has been received within the academic library community and how its recommendations, if implemented, might change the role of academic libraries. It also examines the Government's response to the report along with other responses to date, and reaction to the report elsewhere in the world. Finally, it considers how the debate and the practice may develop in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SUNCAT will be the UK national union catalogue of journals and other serials. It will have two aims: to be a 'digital library' locate service for serials held in other than one's own library and to be a source of good catalogue records to enable contributing libraries to upgrade their OPACs. SUNCAT is also the name given to the project that is carrying out the pilot activity: investigating the issues, engaging with research libraries, and preparing to launch a pilot service, before extending the scope to include over 200 libraries. The first phase of that project started in February 2003, and has involved loading the ISSN and CONSER databases, together with records on the item holdings of twenty-two of the larger research libraries, and converting these into MARC21 format. This paper presents the perspective of the team responsible for the design and implementation of SUNCAT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper outlines how Loughborough University Library ensures that the bibliographic and full text databases it subscribes to are used to the a maximum. This is done through the collection of statistics, promotional activities including training and the introduction of a portal (MetaLib) and linking technologies (SFX). The article will concentrate on the introduction of MetaLib and SFX and discuss how successful the new services appear to be. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]